Chapter No.

7 - Introduction to Database System

MCQs And Fill In The Blanks
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) A. Choose the right
answer.
1. Which of the following Microsoft Office packages is a DBMS?
a) MS- Word
b) MS- Excel
c) MS- Power Point
d) MS- Access ✓

2. The basic limitation of a flat file database is that:

a) It is complicated
b) It stores data in a single file ✓
c) It is very heavy
d) It is not supported on internet
3. In a database table of “Students”, the address of the student will be
a) Record
b) Field
c) Entity ✓
d) Data type

4. In a database table of “Students”, the particulars of a single student will be

a: a) Record ✓
b) Field
c) Entity
d) Data type

5. In a relational database, keys are used to create a:

a) Table
b) Fields
c) Records
d) Relationship ✓

6. A field that stores the names of students should be defined

as: a) Integer
b) Float
c) String ✓
d) Boolean

7. A key that allows only unique entries in a field is called:

a) Primary Key ✓
b) Secondary Key
c) Foreign Key
d) Super Key

8. Data Redundancy means:

a) Duplication of Data ✓
b) Variety of Data
c) Size of Data
d) Data Type

9. The relationship that matches one record of an entity with only one record of
another entity is called:
a) One-to-One relationship ✓
b) One-to-Many relationship
c) Many-to-One relationship
d) Many-to-Many relationship

10. The shape that is used to represent an attribute in an ERD

is: a) A diamond
b) An octagon
c) A rectangle
d) An ellipse ✓

11. A _______stores data in an organized form.

a) Word Processor
b) Ledger
c) spread sheet
d) database ✓

12. A database is composed of ______ which contain rows and

columns. a) tables ✓
b) charts
c) records
d) fields

13. A database is composed of rows and columns which are called:

a) records and fields respectively. ✓
b) fields and records respectively.
c) cells and records respectively.
d) records and cells respectively.

14. It is a collection of data elements organized in shape of rows and

columns: a) Field
b) Record
c) Table ✓
d) Boolean

15. A contact list is one of the simplest example of

a: a) field
b) table ✓
c) floating point
d) string

16. It is the smallest component in a database:

a) Field ✓
b) Record
c) Table
d) Boolean

17. Multiple fields make up a:

a) row
b) database
c) data table
d) data record ✓

18. Sevral data records make up a:

a) row
b) database
c) data table ✓
d) data record

19. Several data tables make up a:

a) row
b) database ✓
c) data table
d) data record

20. A single entry in a table is called:

a) record ✓
b) database
c) data table
d) data record

21. Floating point data type holds:

a) whole numbers
b) numbers with decimal points ✓
c) a combination of numbers, letters and special characters
d) only true and false

22. String data type can store:

a) whole numbers
b) numbers with decimal points
c) a combination of numbers, letters and special characters ✓
d) only true and false

23. It is process of developing conceptual representation of data objects and their

relations.
a) Data handling
b) Data querying
c) Data concepts
d) Data modeling ✓

24. They are used to express how the information will be stored in database. a) Data
query
b) Data models ✓
c) Data concepts
 d) Data groups

25. This type of relationship is used to divide larger entities into smaller ones.
a) one - to - one relationship ✓
b) one - to - many relationship
c) many - to - one relationship
d) many - to - many relationship

26. The most common type of relationship used in relational databases is: a) one - to
- one relationship
b) one - to - many relationship ✓
c) many - to - one relationship
d) many - to - many relationship

27. Usually a third entity known as "junction table" is used to create the: a) one - to -
one relationship
b) one - to - many relationship
c) many - to - one relationship
d) many - to - many relationship ✓

28. This shape is used to define an entity in ERD.

a) Rectangle ✓
b) Ellipse
c) Diamond
d) Circle

29. In ERD, relationships are symbolically represented by:

a) rectangle
b) ellipse
c) diamond ✓
d) circle

30. Flat file database usually store data as:

a) numbers
b) plain text ✓
c) symbols
d) Boolean
31. Tick the correct match:
a) Table → Artribute or Column Record → Row or Tuple Field → Entity
b) Table → Attribute or Column Record → Entity Field → Row or Tuple

c) Table → Entity Record → Entity Field → Row or Tuple

d) Table → Entity Record → Row or Tuple Field → Attribute or Column ✓

32. With the help of a junction table, many-to-many relationship is a combination of

two: a) one — to — one relationship
b) one — to — many relationship ✓
c) many — to — one relationship
d) many — to — many relationship

33. In database, relationships make use of:

a) keys ✓
b) fields
c) ERD
d) attibutes

34. A key that defines a relationship between two entities is

called: a) Primary Key
b) Secondary Key
c) Foreign Key ✓
d) Super Key

35. The Components of ERD include:

a) Records, Fields and Keys
b) Records, Attributes and Keys
c) Entities, Relationships and Keys
d) Entities, Attributes and Relationships ✓

36. The marks record prepared by a class teacher is also an example of a

table. a) field
b) table ✓
c) floating point
d) string

37. The data types which holds only whole numbers is

called: a) Boolean
b) Character
c) Floating Point
d) Integer ✓

38. (A, B, c, d) are the examples of the data types called:

a) Boolean
b) Character ✓
c) Floating Point
d) Integer

39. (5.6, 3.14, 554.9) are the examples of the data types
called: a) Boolean
b) Character
c) Floating Point ✓
d) Integer

40. (145, -35, 74586) are the examples of the data types
called: a) Boolean
b) Character
c) Floating Point
d) Integer ✓

41. (1,0) are the example of the data types called:

a) Boolean ✓
b) Character
c) Floating Point
d) Integer

42. (01-01-2020 11:30 ) are the example of the data types

called: a) Boolean
b) Date and Time ✓
c) Floating Point
d) Integer

43. There are three most important components of data models, which are:
a) Entity, Attributes and Relationships
b) Entity, Relationship and Referential Keys ✓
c) Records, Relationship and Referential Keys
d) Entities, Attributes and Referential Keys

Fill In The Blanks

1. Generally, a database is an electronic system that facilitates easy access, manipulation and
updating of data.
2. Databases are used in many different organizations and various industries.

3. A Database Management System (DBMS) software allows convenient creation, modification

and display of data in a database.
4. The examoles of popular DBMS programs are Microsoft SQL, MySQL, Oracle, etc.
5. The data in a flat file database is limited to rows and columns in a table.
6. Flat file databases usually store data as plain text, with only one record per line.
7. A DBMS can handle huge sets of data and has multi-user support.
8. The fields in a table can be defined as one of the supported data types which best suits the
type of data it holds.
9. A Relational DBMS introduces concepts of entities, attributes, relationships and keys.
10. A table is also called an entity.
11. A record is also called row or tuple
. 12. A field is also called an attribute or column.
13. There are essentially two types of relationships: One-to-One relationship and One-to-Many
relationship.
14. One-to-One relationship relates a record from one entity to only one record of another entity.
16. Relationships make use of Keys.
17. Two common types of keys are Primary Keys and Foreign Keys.
18. Primary key uniquely identifies records in an entity.

19. Entity Relationship Model (ERM) or Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) graphically
displays the structure of a database.
20. The components of ERD include Entities, Attributes and Relationships.
21. ERDs are used to either design a new database or document an existing one.
22. A flat file stores data in a single table structure.
23. The fields included in the record are separated using delimiters such as tabs or commas. 24.
A record is made up of two or several data items which are also called tuples in a table
representing a set of related data.
25. Data type is a data storage format that can contain a specific type or range of values.
26. Views do not store data and just show the information virtually.
27. Views have the ability to fetch data from different tables.
28. Views maintain the security of data and ensure that no changes occur in the original data.
29. Data models helps to identify the most important fields and remove the irrelevant data.
30. Data models can be used by database developers to create a physical database.
31. In database terms, an entity is an independent table and its fields are known as attributes.
32. A relationship defines the connection between two tables.
33. Connecting lines show the type of relationship between two entities.

Abbreviations
• DBMS: Database Management System
• ER: Entity Relationship
• ERD: Entity Relationship Diagram
• ERM: Entity Relationship Model
• ID: Identity
• MongoDB: Mongo Data base
• MySql: My Structured Query Language
• NADRA: National Database Registration Authority
• Oracle: Operational Analog Computing and Logistic Equipment
• RDBMS: Relational Database Management Systems

EX B: RESPOND THE FOLLOWING:

ANS 1: Complete answer is given on Pg 144.
ANS 2: USES OF DATABASES IN BUSINESS: Databases are a collection of organized
information that can easily be accessed, managed and updated. Database systems are very
important to your business because they communicate information related to your sales
transactions, product inventory, customer profiles and marketing activities. Without you having a
centralized place to store all this information, you have no clue what is actually occurring within
your business. Without knowing the actual details of your business, business owners make
assumptions, and assumptions are usually based upon opinions rather than facts.
Databases help to make your business stronger, raising your ability to increase your profits.
Small businesses can use databases in a number of different ways. A database can help you
organize information about your customers and clients. A database can contain information
about your product inventory. A database can track sales, expenses and other financial
information.
ANS 4: All fields in a table must have some data type. Data type is a data storage format that can
contain a specific type or range of values. The data type of f field is a property that tells what kind
of data that filed can hold. In modern DBMS, choosing proper data types is important to make sure
that database runs faster.

ANS 5: Difference Between View and Table

TABLE VIEWS
A table is a database object or an entity that While a view is a database object that
Definition
stores the data of a database allows generating a logical subset of
data from one or more tables,
Basis Moreover, the table is an actual table. whereas, the view is a virtual table.
Dependency Furthermore, the table is an independent The view depends on the table
data object
Conclusion The main difference is that the table is a While, view is a virtual table based on
database object which consists of rows and the result set of an SQL statement.
columns that store data of a database.
ANS 6:
1) ENITITIES: Book Pg 151 (7.3.1)
2) ATTRIBUTES:
Entities has attributes, which can be considered as properties describing it, for example, for
Professor entity, the attributes are Professor_Name, Professor_Address, Professor_Salary, etc.
The attribute value gets stored in the database.
Example of Entity in DBMS
Let us see an example −
Professor_ID Professor_Name Professor_City Professor_Salary
P01 Tom Sydney $7000
P02 David Brisbane $4500
P03 Mark Perth $5000
Here, Professor_Name, Professor _Address and Professor _Salary are attributes.
Professor_ID is the primary key
3) RELATIONSHIP : Book Pg No 151 7.3.2( 1st & 2nd Paragraph & types names only
Example
ANS 7: BOOK PG 152
ANS 8: BOOK PG 150 ( 7.3 Data Modeling)
ANS 9:
ER diagrams have the following advantages in business field.

• Your database design is well documented.

• It is visual so almost anyone could understand it.
• We could know which tables are interlinked to which ones including their cardinality.
o Many to many relationships needs a new relationship table which is clearly seen in ER
diagrams
o One to many relationship relations will have FK on the many side
• Database designers, programmers can reference them on doubt. New persons will absolutely
need it to know the database structure.
• Changes to the database designs/schemas could be maintained
• Some tools shall automatically convert ER diagrams to SQL statements. So its time saving.