✅ ¿Qué es el Present Perfect?
Es un tiempo verbal que se usa para hablar de:
1. Acciones que ocurrieron en el pasado pero tienen una conexión con el presente.
2. Experiencias de vida (sin decir cuándo exactamente).
3. Acciones que han ocurrido recientemente, especialmente con just, already y yet.
_________________________________________________________________________
🧱 Estructura
🔹 Afirmativa:
Sujeto + have/has + participio pasado (past participle)
I have eaten sushi.
She has visited Paris.
🔹 Negativa:
Sujeto + have/has + not + participio pasado
I haven’t finished my homework.
He hasn’t seen that movie.
🔹 Interrogativa:
Have/Has + sujeto + participio pasado
Have you been to London?
Has she read this book?
🕰️ ¿Cuándo se usa?
1. Experiencias de vida (sin especificar cuándo)
Usamos ever / never:
Have you ever flown in a plane?
I have never met a famous person.
2. Acciones que ocurrieron en un pasado no definido, pero siguen siendo relevantes
I have lost my keys. (→ no las tengo ahora)
She has broken her leg. (→ está enyesada)
3. Acciones que acaban de suceder (con “just”)
They have just arrived.
4. Con “yet” y “already” para expresar expectativa o finalización
Have you finished your homework yet?
I’ve already eaten.
5. Con “before” para indicar experiencias previas
I have heard that song before.
🧠 Participios de verbos irregulares
Algunos ejemplos:
Verbo base Pasado participio
1. be been
2. begin begun
3. bite bitten
4. break broken
5. build built
6. catch caught
7. choose chosen
8. do done
9. draw drawn
10.drink drunk
11.drive driven
12.eat eaten
13.find found
14.fly flown
15.go gone
16.grow grown
17.keep kept
18.leave left
19.lose lost
20.hide hidden
21.hold held
22.make made
23.meet met
24.pay paid
25.read read
26.ride ridden
27.speak spoken
28.take taken
29.teach taught
30.say said
31.see seen
32.sell sold
33.shake shaken
34.sing sung
35.sleep slept
36.stand stood
37.tell told
38.understand understood
39.wear worn
40.write written
⚠️ Importante
El present perfect NO indica cuándo ocurrió algo. Si decís un momento específico
(yesterday, last year, in 2020), debés usar el pasado simple, no el present perfect.
✅ Present Perfect:
❌ I have seen that movie last week. (Incorrecto)
✔ I have seen that movie.
✅ Pasado simple:
✔ I saw that movie last week.
Complete 12 sentences using the present perfect tense
(affirmative, interrogative, and negative), with the verbs in brackets:
1. She __________ (visit) New York several times.
2. I ___________ (finish) my homework.
3. They __________ (travel) to Japan twice.
4. We __________ (see) that movie already.
5. ___________ (you/eat) breakfast today?
6. __________ (he/call) his mother yet?
7. ___________(they/arrive) at the airport?
8. __________ (it/stop) raining?
9. She _________ (not/read) the book.
10. We __________ (not/meet) before.
11. He _________ (not/clean) his room.
12. I ___________ (not/finish) the report yet.
Irregular verbs
Complete 12 sentences using the present perfect tense
(affirmative, interrogative, and negative), with the verbs in brackets:
1. She _________ (go) to Paris twice.
2. I __________ (write) three emails today.
3. They ___________ (eat) all the cookies.
4. We ___________ (speak) with the manager.
5. He ___________ (take) my umbrella.
6. My parents __________ (drive)across the country.
7. The dog __________ (bite)the mailman.
8. ____________ (you/see) my glasses?
9. ___________ (she/sing) that song before?
10. ___________ (they/fly) to Madrid?
11. ____________ (we/meet) before?
12. _________ (he/drink) all the juice?
13. ___________ (you/read) this book?
14. ____________ (it/break) again?
15.I __________ (not/find) my keys yet.
16. He __________ (not/do) his homework.
17. We _______ (not/begin) the project.
18. She _______ (not/choose) a dress.
19. They ______ (not/build) the house.
20. You ____________ (not/tell) me the truth.
Complete the sentences using the present perfect tense
(affirmative, interrogative, and negative), with the verbs in brackets:
1. I ______________ (make) a chocolate cake.
2. She ____________ (wear) that dress before.
3. We ______________ (grow) a vegetable garden.
4. He ______________ (hold) the baby carefully.
5. They _________________ (hide) the treasure well.
6. My friend ____________ (ride) a horse.
7. The cat _______________ (catch) a bird.
8. __________________ (you/keep) your promise?
9. ________________ (she/leave) the office?
10.________________ (they/sell) the house?
11.________________ (he/lose) his wallet again?
12._________________ (we/shake) hands already?
13.____________________ (the baby/sleep) well?
14.____________________ (you/stand) in that line for long?
15.I __________________ (not/pay) the bill yet.
16.She ______________ (not/draw) anything today.
17.They _________________ (not/say) a word.
18.He ________________ (not/teach) this topic before.
19.We ___________________ (not/understand) the instructions.
20.You ___________________ (not/sing) in a while.
