Story: The Lost Treasure

Long ago, a sailor named Jack lived on an island. (Past Simple - Active)
He was loved by everyone for his kindness. (Past Simple - Passive)
He had discovered a map that led to a hidden treasure. (Past Perfect - Active)
The map had been drawn by an old pirate. (Past Perfect - Passive)

One day, Jack decided to find the treasure. (Past Simple - Active)
His decision was supported by his friends. (Past Simple - Passive)
He was preparing his ship when a storm hit the island. (Past Progressive - Active)
The island was being destroyed by strong winds. (Past Progressive - Passive)

He had been dreaming of this moment for years. (Past Perfect Progressive - Active)
A legend had been told about the treasure for generations. (Past Perfect - Passive)

When the storm ended, Jack sailed out bravely. (Past Simple - Active)
He was followed by a group of dolphins. (Past Simple - Passive)
They were guiding him as he was sailing through rough waters. (Past Progressive - Active)
He was being watched by seagulls from the sky. (Past Progressive - Passive)

After days of searching, he found the cave. (Past Simple - Active)

The cave had been hidden behind a waterfall. (Past Perfect - Passive)

He had been searching for many days. (Past Perfect Progressive - Active)
Finally, the treasure was found and brought back to the island. (Past Simple - Passive)
Jack had been celebrated as a hero ever since. (Past Perfect - Passive, continuous state)

बहुत समय पहले, जैक नाम का एक नाविक एक द्वीप पर रहता था। (Past Simple - Active)
उसकी दयालुता के लिए सभी उसे पसंद करते थे। (Past Simple - Passive)
उसने एक नक्शा खोज निकाला था जो एक छुपे हुए ख़ज़ाने तक ले जाता था। (Past Perfect - Active)
वह नक्शा एक बूढ़े समुद्री डाकू द्वारा बनाया गया था। (Past Perfect - Passive)
एक दिन, जैक ने ख़ज़ाना खोजने का फैसला किया। (Past Simple - Active)
उसके इस फैसले का समर्थन उसके दोस्तों ने किया। (Past Simple - Passive)
वह अपना जहाज़ तैयार कर रहा था तभी एक तूफ़ान ने द्वीप को घेर लिया। (Past Progressive -
Active)
द्वीप को तेज़ हवाओं द्वारा नष्ट किया जा रहा था। (Past Progressive - Passive)
वह इस पल का वर्षों से सपना देख रहा था। (Past Perfect Progressive - Active)
इस ख़ज़ाने के बारे में पीढ़ियों से एक दंतकथा सुनाई जाती रही थी। (Past Perfect - Passive)
जब तूफ़ान समाप्त हुआ, जैक बहादुरी से समुद्र में निकल पड़ा। (Past Simple - Active)
उसे डॉल्फ़िन्स के एक झुंड ने पीछा किया। (Past Simple - Passive)
जब वह ऊबड़-खाबड़ पानी में नाव चला रहा था, वे उसका मार्गदर्शन कर रही थीं। (Past Progressive
- Active)
उसे आसमान से समुद्री पक्षियों द्वारा देखा जा रहा था। (Past Progressive - Passive)
कई दिनों की खोज के बाद, उसने गुफा ढूंढ निकाली। (Past Simple - Active)
गुफा एक जलप्रपात के पीछे छुपी हुई थी। (Past Perfect - Passive)
वह कई दिनों से खोज कर रहा था। (Past Perfect Progressive - Active)
आख़िरकार, ख़ज़ाना मिला और द्वीप पर वापस लाया गया। (Past Simple - Passive)
तब से जैक को एक नायक के रूप में मनाया जाता रहा है। (Past Perfect - Passive, continuous state)यह
कहानी बताती है:
  Active voice में subject खुद काम करता है।
 Passive voice में subject पर काम किया जाता है।

Excellent point — and you're absolutely right. To master past discussion, especially for real-
life or office conversations, it's essential to include:

 ✅ "Used to"
 ✅ "Would + V1"
 ✅ Other common expressions like "was supposed to," "meant to," "was about to,"
etc.

These structures are very commonly used to talk about habits, expectations, or incomplete
actions in the past — and they are missing from the earlier chart.

Let me now give you an expanded and improved chart, now covering all major past
discussion structures, including "used to", "would", "was supposed to", etc., with Hindi
meaning and real examples.

✅ Expanded Chart of All Past Discussion Sentence Types

Example Hindi
Type Structure Used For
Sentence Meaning
मैंने
पिछले साल
I visited Jaipur Completed action
1. Simple Past Subject + V2 जयपुर की
last year. in past.
यात्रा
की।
जब मैं
She was
Subject + was/were + V- आया, वह Ongoing action in
2. Past Continuous cooking when
ing खाना बना the past.
I arrived.
रही थी।
Action just
He has gone to वह बैंक
3. Present Perfect Subject + has/have + V3 completed or still
the bank. गया है।
relevant.
They had हमारे आने
Action completed
already eaten से पहले वे
4. Past Perfect Subject + had + V3 before another
before we खा चुके
past action.
came. थे।
परीक्षा Past action
I had been
से पहले continuing over
5. Past Perfect studying for
Subject + had been + V-ing मैं घंटों time before
Continuous hours before
से पढ़ाई another past
the exam.
कर रहा था। event.
मैं
Past habit or
Subject + used to + base I used to play क्रिकेट
6. Used to + V1 regular activity
verb cricket. खेला करता
(no longer true).
था।
7. Would + V1 (for Subject + would + base My मेरे दादा Repeated actions
habit) verb grandfather रात को in past (more
would tell कहानियाँ formal or
stories at night. सुनाया storytelling).
 Example Hindi
Type Structure Used For
Sentence Meaning
करते थे।
मैं Action intended
8. Was/Were going Subject + was/were going I was going to तुम्हें in past but may
to + V1 to + V1 call you. फोन करने not have
वाला था। happened.
He was उसे
Expectations in
9. Was/Were Subject + was/were supposed to मीटिंग
the past (maybe
supposed to + V1 supposed to + V1 attend the में शामिल
not fulfilled).
meeting. होना था।
मैं
I was about to निकलने ही
10. Was about to + Subject + was about to + Action was just
leave when वाला था जब
V1 V1 about to happen.
you called. तुमने कॉल
किया।
तुम्हें
You should Regret, advice,
11. Modal + have + could/should/would/might मुझे
have informed possibility in
V3 + have + V3 बताना
me. past.
चाहिए था।
उसने कहा
She said that
कि उसने
12. Reported Subject + said/told + that + she had To report past
काम खत्म
Speech (Past) past finished the statements.
कर लिया
work.
था।
मेरे
After I
13. पहुँचने
reached, he Sequence of past
After/Before/Since Conjunction + Past Tense के बाद वह
had already events.
(Conj.) पहले ही जा
left.
चुका था।

🎯 Hindi Clarity: “गया है” vs “गया था” vs “जाया करता

था”
English
Example Hindi Meaning Explanation
Structure
Present Perfect He has gone to office. वह ऑफिस गया है। Recent action, still relevant.
He had gone to office वह 10 बजे से पहले Completed before another past
Past Perfect
before 10 AM. ऑफिस गया था। event.
He used to go to office वह बस से ऑफिस जाया Habitual action in the past
Used to
by bus. करता था। (now stopped).
Would (past He would walk every वह हर सुबह टहला Repeated habit in
habit) morning. करता था। storytelling/polite form.

✅ When to Use Which?

You Want to Say... Use This Hindi Hint
A single finished action in the past Simple Past गया, किया, खाया, देखा, etc.
Something was happening in the past Past Continuous कर रहा था, जा रही थी
 You Want to Say... Use This Hindi Hint
A habit that you no longer follow Used to + V1 किया करता था
A habit used in formal/narrative style Would + V1 किया करता था (formal tone)
Something you had planned to do Was going to + V1 करने वाला था
Expectation that didn’t happen Was supposed to + V1 करना था, पर नहीं किया
Action just about to happen in the past Was about to + V1 करने ही वाला था
करना चाहिए था, कर सकता
Regret or advice in past Should/could have + V3
था

🎯 For Office Use:

 Used to is great for describing past routines, especially in interviews or performance
discussions:
o "I used to manage a team of five." → मैं पाँच लोगों की टीम मैनेज किया
करता था।
 Should have / could have works well in giving polite feedback:
o "We should have submitted this earlier." → हमें यह पहले जमा करना चाहिए
था।

Would you like a printable PDF chart or flashcards for revision? Or maybe a practice
exercise with answers based on this chart?

Let me know how you'd like to continue!