Ans 1.
People as a Resource’ refers to the working population of the country in terms of their
existing productive skills and abilities.
Ans2. Human resources use other resources, such as land and physical capital, to create an
output. The other resources aren't going to be useful on their own. This is why human resources
are thought to be superior to other resources. Human resources play an important role in a
country's economy by increasing productivity.
Ans3. The most important component of human resource development is education. The
following are the roles of education in the formation of human capital.
This human capital can be formed through proper education and training. A well-educated
population is a valuable resource.
Education increases the quantity and quality of individual productivity, which contributes to
economic growth.
Education fosters personality and a sense of national consciousness among the people, both of
which are necessary for rapid economic growth.
Education not only contributes to an individual's development but also to the development of
society holistically.
Ans4: In the development of human capital, health is crucial. A healthy person has a better
chance of reaching his full potential and being a valuable asset to the economy. A sick person is
less likely to reach his full potential and can become a financial liability.
Ans5: An individual's health allows him to realize his full potential and also gives him the ability
to fight illness. An unhealthy employee is a liability to his employer. A person's health is directly
related to his productivity. When compared to an unhealthy person, a healthy person can work
more efficiently and productively. A healthy person outperforms an unhealthy person in terms of
productivity.
Ans:6 Economic activities are classified into three types:
Primary Sector: The primary sector includes activities involving the extraction and production of
natural resources. This sector's activities include agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishing,
poultry farming, mining, and quarrying.
Secondary Sector: Manufacturing is referred to as a secondary activity. Natural resources are
properly modified in the secondary activity. Light manufacturing, food processing, oil refining,
and energy production are examples of the secondary sectors.
Tertiary Sector: Tertiary activities are economic activities that support both primary and
secondary activities. Trade, transport, communication, banking, education, tourism, insurance,
etc., are examples of tertiary activities.
Ans 7: Economic activities are defined as activities that add value to the national income.
These are divided into two categories:
Market activities: production for pay or profit.
Non-market activities: production for self-consumption.
Non-economic activities are those that do not contribute to national income, such as a person
doing household chores.
Ans 8: Education and skill are the two most important determinants of a person's earnings in the
market. Women are generally denied the education and skills needed to contribute to the
national income as a result of gender discrimination. As a result, the majority of women have
limited education and skill development. One of the reasons they are paid less than men is
because of this.
Ans 9: Unemployment is a situation when a person who is actively looking for work is unable to
find work.
An individual is considered unemployed if he or she is a member of a country's labor force and
is capable and willing to work for pay but is unable to do so.
Ans 10: Disguised unemployment: occurs when there are more people working in a job than are
actually needed. For example, if eight people are involved in an agricultural activity but the
work/activity actually requires the services of five people, then three people are extra. If these
three people out of eight are removed, total production will not be affected.
Seasonal unemployment: Seasonal unemployment occurs when people are only able to find
work during certain months of the year. Agricultural laborers, for example, find work only during
peak seasons, such as sowing, harvesting, weeding, and threshing. This is due to the seasonal
nature of agriculture in India.
Ans 11: Educated unemployment refers to the situation in which a large number of young
people with matriculation, graduation, and postgraduate degrees are unable to find suitable
employment.
India has a large population, and a large number of people graduate from schools and colleges
each year. The number of educated people graduating from educational institutions is not
keeping up with the number of jobs available in various sectors. As a result, educated
unemployed people are a distinctive problem in India.
Answer 12. Ans: India can create the most job opportunities in the agricultural sector and
related industries. Agriculture is the economy's most labor-intensive industry.
When agricultural products are packaged in an efficient and high-quality manner, it can create a
large number of employment opportunities.
Ans 13: Measures in the education system to address the issue of educated unemployed:
●Make secondary education more career-oriented, providing individuals with not only education
but also the necessary skills for gaining successful employment.
●Create a sort of screening process in which each individual selects subjects that are
appropriate for his or her abilities.
●The introduction of newer subjects and fields of study at the secondary level should be
accompanied by an increase in job opportunities in the sectors that will employ students who
choose to study such subjects.
Answer 14.Human resources play an important role in a country's economy by increasing
productivity. Because of the human resource's contribution, the other resource becomes useful.
Human capital produces an output by utilising other resources such as land, labour, and
physical capital. The other resources aren't going to be useful on their own.
As a result, human capital may be regarded as the most valuable of all resources.
Ans 15.Do it by yourself.
