Army Public school , JAiPur

Assignment And concePts

relAtion And functions
1.1 Cartesian products of sets
Definition : Given two non-empty sets A and B, the set of all ordered pairs (x, y), where
xA and y B is called Cartesian product of A and B; symbolically, we write
A × B = {(x, y) : xA and yB}

1.2 Relation : A Relation R from a non-empty set A to a non empty set B is a subset of the
Cartesian product set A × B. The subset is derived by describing a relationship between
the first element and the second element of the ordered pairs in A × B.
The set of all first elements in a relation R, is called the domain of the relation R, and the
set of all second elements called images, is called the range of R.
For example, the set R = {(1, 2), (– 2, 3), (12, 3)} is a relation; the domain of R = {1, – 2,12}
and the range of R = {2, 3}.
(i) A relation may be represented either by the Roster form or by the set builder
form, or by an arrow diagram which is a visual representation of a relation.
(ii) If n (A) = p, n (B) = q; then the n (A × B) = pq and the total number of possible
relations from the set A to set B = 2 p q.

1.3 Functions A relation f from a set A to a set B is said to be function if every element of
set A has one and only one image in set B. In other words, a function f is a relation such
that no two pairs in the relation has the same first element.
The notation f : XY means that f is a function from X to Y. X is called the domain of f
and Y is called the co-domain of f. Given an element x  X, there is a unique element y in Y
that is related to x. The unique element y to which f relates x is denoted by f (x) and is
called f of x, or the value of f at x, or the image of x under f.
The set of all values of f (x) taken together is called the range of f or image of X under f.
Symbolically. range of f = { y Y : y = f (x), for some x in X}

1.4 Some specific types of functions

(i) Identity function:
The function f : R R defined by y = f (x) = x for each x R is called the identity function.
Domain of f = R Range of f = R

(ii) Constant function: The function f : R  R defined by y = f (x) = C, xR,

where C is a constant R, is a constant function.
Domain of f = R Range of f = {C}

(iii) Polynomial function: A real valued function f : R R defined by

y = f (x) = a0 + a1x + ...+ anxn, where nN, and a0, a1, a2.----.anR, for each xR, is called
Polynomial functions.
 Army Public school , JAiPur
Assignment And concePts
relAtion And functions
(iv) Rational function: These are the real functions of the type f (x ) / g( x) , where
f (x) and g (x) are polynomial functions of x defined in a domain, and g(x) 0.
(v) The Modulus function: The real function f : RR defined by
f (x) =x = x if x≥ 0 and -x if x < 0 where x R is called the modulus function.
Domain of f = R Range of f = R+ U {0}

(vi) Signum function: The real function f : RR defined by

1 if x > 0
f(x) = 0 if x = 0
-1 if x < 0
is called the signum function. Domain of f = R, Range of f = {1, 0, – 1}

(vii) Greatest integer function: The real function f : RR defined by f (x) = [x], x  R
assumes the value of the greatest integer less than or equal to x, is called the greatest
integer function.

Army Public school , JAiPur

Assignment 1 (relAtion )
Q-1- Let R be the relation on Z defined by R = {(a,b): a, b ∈ Z, a – b is an integer}.
Find the domain and range of R.
Q-2- Find the domain and range of the real function f defined by f (x) = 4-x / x -4 .
Q-3- If A = {2, 4, 6, 9} and B = {4, 6, 18, 27, 54}, a  A, b  B, find the set of
Ordered pairs such that 'a' is factor of 'b' and a < b.
Q-4- Find the domain and range of the relation R given by
R = {(x, y) : y = x + 6 / x ; where x, y  N and x < 6}.
Q- 5- Is the following relation a function? Justify your answer
(i) R1 = {(2, 3), (1/2 ,, 0), (2, 7), (– 4, 6)}
(ii) R2 = {(x, |x |) : x is a real number}
Q-6- Find the domain for which the functions f (x) = 2x2 – 1 and g (x) = 1 – 3x are equal.
Q-7- Find the domain of each of the functions. f (x) = x /x2 +3x +2
Q-8- Find the range of the following functions given by
│ │
(i) f (x) = (ii) f(x) = √16 − 𝑥 (iii) f(x) = √𝑥 − 16
(iv) f(x) =
√
Q-9- If f (x) = x - 1/ x 3 then find f (x) + f ( 1/x )
3
Q-10- If P = {x : x < 3, x N}, Q = {x : x ≤ 2, x  W}. Find (P U Q) × (P ∩ Q), where
W is the set of whole numbers.
Q-11-. If A = {x : x W, x < 2} B = {x : x  N, 1 < x < 5} C = {3, 5} find
(i) A × (B ∩ C) (ii) A × (B U C)
Q-12- Let R be a relation from Q to Q defined by
R = {(a,b): a,b∈ Q and a – b ∈ Z}. Show that (i) (a,a) ∈ R for all a ∈ Q
(ii) (a,b) ∈ R implies that (b, a) ∈ R
(iii) (a,b) ∈ R and (b,c) ∈ R implies that (a,c) ∈R
Q-13. Given A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, S = {(x, y) : xA, yA}. Find the ordered pairs which satisfy
the conditions given below: (i) x + y = 5 (ii) x + y < 5 (iii) x + y > 8
Q-14- Given R = {(x, y) : x, y  W, x2 + y2 = 25}. Find the domain and Range of R.
Q-15- If R1 = {(x, y) : y = 2x + 7, where x  R and – 5 ≤ x ≤ 5} is a relation. Then find the
domain and Range of R1.
Q-16- If R2 = {(x, y) : x and y are integers and x2 + y2 = 64} is a relation. Then find R2.
Q-17- If R3 = {(x,  x| : x is a real number} is a relation.Then find domain and range of R3.
Q-18-. If f and g are real functions defined by f (x) = x2 + 7 and g (x) = 3x + 5, find each of
the following (a) f (3) + g (– 5) (b) f (– 2) + g (– 1) (c) f (1) – f (– 2)
Q-19- Let f and g be real functions defined by f (x) = 2x + 1 and g (x) = 4x – 7.
(a) For what real numbers x, f (x) = g (x)?
(b) For what real numbers x, f (x) < g (x)?
Q-20- Let f = {(1,1), (2,3), (0,–1), (–1, –3)} be a function from Z to Z
If f is a linear function for some integers a, b. Determine a, b.
Q-21-. Express the following functions as set of ordered pairs and determine their range.
f : X R, f (x) = x3 + 1, where X = {–1, 0, 3, 9, 7}
Q-22- Find the values of x for which the functions f (x) = 3x2 – 1 and g (x) = 3 + x are equal
Q-23- Find the range of the following functions given by ( i) f (x) =  x − 3 
𝒙𝟐
(ii) f (x) = 1 + 3 cos2x (iii) f(x) =
𝟏 𝒙𝟐
Q-24- Find the domain and Range of the function f (x) = √𝒙 − 𝟓
Q-25-Find the range of f (x) = 1− 2cosx
Q-26- If f (x) = ax + b, where a and b are integers, f (–1) = – 5 and f (3) = 3,then find the
value of then a and b
Q.27. -Let f be the subset of Z × Z defined by f = {(ab, a + b) : a, b ∈ Z}. Is f a
function from Z to Z? Justify your answer.

PrePAred by s.o.tyAgi
 Army Public school, JAiPur
Assignment 2 ( relAtion And function)

1.If A × B = { (5, 5), (5, 6), (5, 7), (8, 6), (8, 7), (8, 5)}, then the value A is
(a) {5} (b) {8} (c) {5, 8} (d) {5, 6, 7, 8}
2.Which of the following relation is a function ?
(a) {(a, b) (b, e) (c, e) (b, x)}
(b) {(a, d) (a, m) (b, e) (a, b)}
(c) {(a, d) (b, e) (c, d) (e, x)}
(d) {(a, d) (b, m) (b, y) (d, x)}
3. The relation R defined on the set of natural numbers as
{(a, b) : a differs from b by 3}is given
(a) {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6),.....} (b) {(4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3),.....}
(c) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9),.....} (d) None of these
4. If f : R R is defined by f(x) = 3x + | x |, thenf(2x) – f (– x) – 6x =
(a) f(x) (b) 2f(x) (c) – f(x) (d) f(– x)
5.Range of greatest integer function is
(a) natural number (b) real number (c) integer ( d) whole number
6.

7.

8. Let n (A) = m, and n (B) = n. Then the total number of non-empty relations that can be
defined from A to B is
(a) 2mn (b) nm – 1(c) 2m.2n (d) 2mn– 1
9.A relation is represented by
(a) Roster method (b) Set-builder method
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
10. Let A = {x, y, z} and B = {a, b, c, d}. Then, which one
of the following is not a relation from A to B?
(a) {(x, a), (x, c)} (b) {(y, c), (y, d)}
(c) {(z, a), (z, d)} (d) {(z, b), (y, b), (a, d)}
𝟏 𝟏
11. If f(x) = x3 - 𝟑 then f (x) + f ( ) is equal to
𝒙 𝒙
3 𝟏
(a) 2x (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) 1
𝒙𝟑
 Army Public school, JAiPur
Assignment 2 ( relAtion And function)
12.Let R be the relation on Z defined by
R = {(a, b) : a, b Z, a – b is an integer}. Then
(a) domain of R is {2, 3, 4, 5, .....}(b) range of R is Z
(c) Both (a) and (b)(d) None of the above
𝟒 𝒙
13.The domain and range of the real function f defined by f (x) = is given by
𝒙 𝟒
(a) Domain = R, Range = [–1, 1 ] (b) Domain = R – {1}, Range = R
(c) Domain = R – {4}, Range = {– 1} (d) Domain = R – {– 4}, Range = {–1, 1}
14.There are three relations R1, R2 and R3 such that
R1 = {(2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 2)},
R2 = {(2, 2), (2, 4), (3, 3), (4, 4)} and
R3 = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6), (6, 7)}
Then,
(a) R1 and R2 are functions(b) R2 and R3 are functions
(c) R1 and R3 are functions(d) Only R1 is a function
15.Let f = {(1,1), (2,3), (0, –1), (–1, –3)} be a linear function from Z into Z.
Then f(x) is
(a) f(x) = 3x+1 (b) f(x) = 2x – 1
(c) f(x) = 2x + 1 (d) f(x) = 3x – 1
16.Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {1, 5, 9, 11, 15, 16} and f = {(1, 5),
(2, 9), (3, 1), (4, 5), (2, 11)}. Then,
(a) f is a relation from A to B(b) f is a function from A to B
(c) Both (a) and (b)(d) None of these
17.

𝒙𝟐
18.Ler f = { ( x , ) : x Є R } be a function from R to R . Then range of f is
𝟏 𝒙𝟐
(a) [0 , 1) (b) ( - 1, 1)
(c) [ -1 , 1] (d) ( 1, ∞ )
19.

20. The Cartesian product A xA has 9 elements among which are found (–1, 0) and (0,1).
Then the set A is
(a) {-1 ,3, 1} (b) {- 1, 1} (c) {-1 , 0 , 1} (d) { -1 , -3,1}
 Army Public school, JAiPur
Assignment 2 ( relAtion And function)
21. Let R be the relation on Z defined by R = {(a,b): a, b ∈ Z, a – b is an integer}.
Then the domain and range of R is
(a) Domain Real number and Range integer
b) Domain natural number and Range integer
(c) Domain integer and Range integer
(d) Domain whole number and Range whole number
22. Domain of f(x) = √𝒙𝟐 − 𝟗 is
(a) (- ∞, -3 ) ∪( 3, ∞) (b) (- ∞, -3 ] ∪ [ 3, ∞) (c) [ -3 , 3] (d) ( -3, 3 )
23.

24. Range of f (x) = 2 – 3x, x ∈ R, x > 0 is

(a) (- ∞, 2 ] (b) [ 2 , ∞)
(c) [ -2 , 2] (d) (- ∞, 2 )
25.

26. Let A = {9,10,11,12,13} and let f : A→N be defined by f (n) = the highest prime factor
of n. Then range of f is
(a) {9,10,11,12,13} (b) {3,5,11,13}
(c) Set of Natural number (d) {3,5,9,11,13}
27.

28.. Let A = {x, y, z} and B = {1, 2}. Then number of relations from A to B are
(a) 6 (b) 128 (c) 64 (d) 32

29. The domain for which the functions f (x) = 2x2 – 1 and
g (x) = 1 – 3x are equal is
(a) [ - 2 , ∞) (b) { -2 , 1/2}
(c) ( -2 , ½ ) (d) [ -2 , ½ ]
 Army Public school, JAiPur
Assignment 2 ( relAtion And function)
30.

31.

(a) (- ∞, ∞) (b) [ 0, ∞)
(c) (- ∞, 0] (d) None of these
32.

33. Let A = {1, 2, 3,...,14}. Define a relation R from A to A by

R = {(x, y) : 3x – y = 0, where x, y ∈ A}. Then range of R is
(a) {1, 2, 3,...,14}. (b) {3,6,9,12 }
(c) {1, 2, 3, 4} (d) {3,5,9,11,13}
34.

35.. Range of signum function is

(a) { -1 , 0 , 1} (b) [-1 , 1] ( c) ( -1 , 1 ) (d) R

36. If [x]2 – 5 [x] + 6 = 0, where [ . ] denote the greatest integer function, then
(a) x ∈ [3, 4] (b) x ∈ (2, 3] (c) x ∈ [2, 3] (d) x ∈ [2, 4)
(A work by s.o.tyAgi)