GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC AAMWALA

DEHRADUN

Course Name: Computer Fundamentals

Course Code: 991005 Semester: I

(LAB MANUAL)

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Index
Practical Name Page No
1. Working with Windows Latest Version- desktop,
start icon, taskbar, Recycle Bin, My Computer and
Control panel.
2. Exercise on Printing, Installing a printer driver,
Setting up a printer , Default and installed printers,
Controlling print queues, Viewing installed fonts,
The clipboard and drag and drop.
3. Exercise on Text Formatting in Word document
with Paragraph formatting, Bullets, page border
and numbering, creating and using macros in a
document.
4. Exercise on Paragraph, Page Margin, Page Size and
orientation, Page Break, Headers and Footers,
Introducing Table Rows and Columns
5. Exercise on Development of application using mail
merge. Mail merge address for envelope and letter,
printing addressed envelope and letter.
6. Formatting and customizing data, Formulas,
Functions and named rang, creating, manipulating
and changing the chart type in Spreadsheet.
7. Exercise on Preparing Presentation Slides- Opening
and scaling a presentation, Inserting Images, Slides
show timing, animation effects.
8. Exercise on Connecting to the Internet, Searching
the Internet, Commonly used search engines,
writing email, finding an e-mail address, Using
electronic mail.
9. Exercises on External and Internal Commands of
MS DOS.
10. Exercise on Page formatting, Page margin, Page
size and orientation, page break, header and footer

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Practical 1: Working with Windows Latest Version
Operating system designed and produced by Microsoft Corporation. Similar to other operating systems,
Windows makes a computer system user-friendly by providing a graphical display and organizing information
so that it can be easily accessed. The operating system utilizes icons and tools that simplify the complex
operations performed by computers. Estimates suggest that 90% of personal computers use the Windows
operating system.

Versions of Ms –Windows:
• MS-DOS
• Windows 1.0 - 2.0
• Windows 3.0 – 3.1
• Windows 95
• Windows 98
• Windows ME - Millennium Edition
• Windows NT 31. - 4.0
• Windows 2000
• Windows XP
• Windows Vista
• Windows 7
• Windows 8
• Windows 10
• Windows Server
• Windows Home Server
• Windows CE
• Windows Mobile
• Windows Phone 7-10

Currently we are using Windows 8.1 and 10.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Desktop : The Desktop is the main screen. It is the work area where dialog boxes, windows, icons, and menus
appear. Like an office desk the desktop contains items you can use to do your job. For instance, from your
desktop, you can perform file-management tasks and run software applications. You can customize the
appearance of the desktop to suit your preferences.

Start Icon: Start Button opens start menu as follows

Start Menu: The Start menu for Windows 7 consists of many Parts, to show Use the Start menu to do these
common activities:

• Start programs
• Open commonly used folders
• Search for files, folders, and programs
• Adjust computer settings
• Get help with the Windows operating system
• Turn off the computer
• Log off from Windows or switch to a different user account

Taskbar: The taskbar provides a way to organize all of your windows. Each window has a corresponding
button on the taskbar. To switch to another window, just click its taskbar button. The window appears in front
of all other windows, becoming the active window—the one you're currently working in

Recycle bin: The Recycle Bin is a location (Folder) where deleted files are temporarily stored on Microsoft
Windows. The Recycling Bin allows users to recover files that have been deleted in Windows.

My Computer: My Computer allows the user to explore the contents of their computer drives as well as
manage their computer files. Once My Computer is open you'll see all available drives on your computer. For
most users, you'll only be concerned with the Local Disc (C:) drive, which is the hard drive.

Control Panel: You can use Control Panel to change settings for Windows. These settings control nearly
everything about how Windows looks and works, and you can use them to set up Windows so that it's just right
for you.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 2: Exercise on Printing, Installing a printer driver, Setting up a
printer , Default and installed printers, Controlling print queues, Viewing
installed fonts, The clipboard and drag and drop.

What is printing?

Printing is a process for reproducing text and images, typically with ink on paper using a printer. It is often
carried out as a large-scale industrial process, and is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing.

Installing a printer driver and Setting up a printer:

Always default to the instructions and use the disc that came with the printer. If you've lost your printer's
manual, try doing a Google search for the name and model of your printer (which you can find by looking at
your printer) plus the word "manual" (e.g., "HP Deskjet 3050 manual"). Manuals Online also has a collection
of printer manuals that may help.

The set up process is usually the same for most printers:

1. Install the cartridges in the printer and add paper to the tray.
2. Insert installation CD and run the printer set up application (usually "setup.exe"), which will install the
printer drivers.
3. Connect your printer to the PC using the USB cable and turn it on.
4. Look in your printers folder on your computer (on Windows XP, go to "Start" then "Printers and Faxes".
On Vista and WIndows 7, hit the Windows key and type "printers" into the search box to quickly get to
the Printers section. For Mac, go to System Preferences and select "Print & Fax".)
5. Print a test page. In Windows, right-click on the printer and go to "Properties" then click the "Print Test
Page" button. On Mac, click on the "Options & Supplies" button, then the "Utility" tab and click "Print
Test Page"

If all goes well, your test page will print and your printer will now be set up.

Default and installed printers

A default printer is the printer all print jobs are sent to unless otherwise specified. Having a default
printer prevents a program from asking the user what printer they want to use each time they print. Remaining
in the list is Installed printer you can make any of them default at any time or change printer at the time of
printing.

Controlling print queues:

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Print queue: A reserved area of memory or disk that holds output designated for the printer until the printer
can receive it. You and view it any time by just clicking on Printer icon on taskbar notification area also you can
manage your pints from there like pause, restart, delete etc.

Viewing installed fonts: To View install font you can go to control panel => fonts or C Drive =>
Windows => Fonts

The clipboard and drag and drop:

Clipboard: A Small memory which holds data that is cut or copied from any part of file and allow user to paste
any number of times. As it is small memory it holds only limited data and get cleared on shutdown.

Drag and Drop : By using mouse you and change position on any file, folder or text by just drag it from one
position and drop it to other position.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 3: Exercise on Text Formatting in Word document with Paragraph
formatting, Bullets, page border and numbering, creating and using macros in
a document.
Text Formatting in Word document with Paragraph formatting:

Formatting is the fine art of making your documents effective and attractive. Good formatting distinguishes different parts
of your text and helps your readers take in your message. You can apply formatting to just about every element of your
document, from a single character to entire paragraphs. Body text needs to be readable and easy on the eyes. Headings
should be big and bold, and they should also be consistent throughout your document. Important words need to resonate
with emphasis. Quotes and references should be set off from the other text.

Formatting Characters

Formatting is the fine art of making your

documents effective and attractive. Good
formatting distinguishes different parts of your text
and helps your readers take in your message. You
can apply formatting to just about every
element of your document, from a single
character to entire paragraphs. Body text needs to be
readable and easy on the eyes. Headings should be
big and bold, and they should also be consistent
throughout your document. Important words need
to resonate with emphasis. Quotes and
references should be set off from the other text.

Formatting Paragraphs

Formatting a paragraph usually entails changing its shape. You may be squeezing it in with indents or stretching it out
with additional line spacing. Other kinds of formatting change a
paragraph’s very nature, like adding a border or making it part of a
numbered or bulleted list.

Creating Bulleted and Numbered Lists

Bullets and numbers add impact and help organize information. The
bullets in the previous section call attention to the Line and Page Breaks
commands and show that the commands are related to each other.
Numbered paragraphs send a different signal, implying that the items
listed are sequential or have a hierarchy. This book uses numbered
paragraphs for step-by-step instructions. Meeting minutes are
usually numbered, both as a point of reference and to indicate the order
of the meeting’s events.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

How To Insert Page Numbers?
A lot of times you are required to insert page number in different pages of an MS office word file. Page number facilitates
easy sequencing. They are extremely helpful when you need to get print outs of the word file. Having a page number
ensures that you can easily arrange the pages in the right sequence.
So, if you are not yet aware of sequencing your MS office word file, we shall provide you the right steps that can help you
align the pages.

• Open the word

document.
• Move over to the insert
tab present in the top
most rows.
• Scroll over to the page
number section. You
can find a lot of options
in the drop down list.
• Choose the alignment
you want to choose; be
it
• Top of the page
• Bottom of the page
• Page margin
• Current position and
similar ones.

How To Insert Page Borders?

Microsoft Word gives you hundreds of page border
options that allows you to surround a page with a clean
or fancy border. Follow the steps below to insert a
border in your Microsoft Word document.

1. Open Microsoft Word.

2. Click on the Page Layout tab. In Word 2013
and 2016, click on the Design tab instead.
3. In the Page Background group, click
the Page Borders option.
4. In the Borders and Shading window (shown
below), click the Page Border tab.
5. Select Box if you want a square border
around your page.
Select the Style of border you want on the page, which can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Select
the Color and Width of the border. If you want to select artwork to use as the border, click the down arrow for
the Art drop-down list. In the example below, we're using the hearts art as a border.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 4: Exercise on Paragraph, Page Margin, Page Size and orientation,
Page Break, Headers and Footers, Introducing Table Rows and Columns
Paragraph formatting :

Line spacing

Line spacing is the space between each line in a paragraph. Word allows you to customize the line spacing
to be single spaced (one line high), double spaced (two lines high), or any other amount you want. The
default spacing in Word is 1.08 lines, which is slightly larger than single spaced.Line spacing is also
known as leading (pronounced to rhyme with wedding).

To format line spacing:

1. Select the text you want to format.
2. On the Home tab, click the Line and Paragraph Spacing command, then select the desired
line spacing.

3. The line spacing will change in the document.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Adjusting line spacing

Your line spacing options aren't limited to the ones in the Line and Paragraph Spacing menu. To adjust
spacing with more precision, select Line Spacing Options from
the menu to access the Paragraph dialog box. You'll then have
a few additional options you can use to customize spacing.

• Exactly: When you choose this option, the line spacing

is measured in points, just like font size. For example,
if you're using 12-point text, you could use 15-
point spacing.
• At least: Like the the Exactly option, this lets you
choose how many points of spacing you want.
However, if you have different sizes of text on the
same line, the spacing will expand to fit the larger
text.
• Multiple: This option lets you type the number of lines
of spacing you want. For example,
choosing Multiple and changing the spacing
to 1.2 will make the text slightly more spread out than single-spaced text. If you want the
lines to be closer together, you can choose a smaller value, like 0.9.

Paragraph spacing

Just as you can format spacing between lines in your document, you can adjust spacing before and after
paragraphs. This is useful for separating
paragraphs, headings, and subheadings.

To format paragraph spacing:

In our example, we'll increase the space before

each paragraph to separate them a bit more.
This will make it a little easier to read.

1. Select the paragraph or paragraphs you

want to format.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 2. On the Home tab, click the Line and Paragraph Spacing command. Click Add Space Before
Paragraph or Remove Space After Paragraph from the drop-down menu. In our example,
we'll select Add Space Before Paragraph.
3. The paragraph spacing will change in the
document.

From the drop-down menu, you can also

select Line Spacing Options to open the
Paragraph dialog box. From here, you can
control how much space there
is before and after the paragraph.

Changing Page Size in Word

Now how to change page size and orientation in

Word? Before you change page size, confirm that
you have access to a printer that can print your
preferred size. Once that is done, be sure again
that the size you want is not already set as the
default.

Step 1

With your new document open, click on Page Layout in Word.

Step 2

From the drop-down menu that appears, click size.

Step 3

Another drop-down menu will appear with several page sizes. The sizes have names and the dimensions
below. Choose your preferred size.

Changing Orientation

Step 1

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Click on Page Layout and a drop-down menu will appear.

Step 2

On the drop-down menu, choose Orientation.

Step 3

Another menu will appear with the option for Portrait or Landscape. Choose the orientation you want.
The orientation will change immediately.

Margins

Changing Margins in Word

Step 1
Click Page Layout while in Microsoft Word and the
menu will dropdown.
Step 2
Click on Margins and it will reveal different
margin options with icons of the appearance as well
as measurements.
Step 3
Choose the predefined margin size you want and
the margin dimensions will change immediately.
If you would rather create a customized margin, then
skip step 3 and continue to 4.

Adding Headers and Footers

Step 1. Click on the Insert menu.

Step 2. Go under the Header & Footer column.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Step 3. Click on the Header and choose any of the following options in the drop-down menu.

The Design tab will appear on the Ribbon, and thus the header or footer will appear within the
document. Here you can place Date & Time, Picture Clip, Page number Art and other desired
information.

When you have finished editing, click Close Header and Footer within the Design tab, or hit the Esc key.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Adding Page Break

A page break is a special marker that will end the current page
and start a new one.
1. Click to place your cursor where you want to start a
new page.
2. Click the Insert tab.
3. Click the Page Break button.
A page break is inserted, and any text after that point is
moved to a new page.

You can also insert a page break by pressing Ctrl + Enter.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Introducing Table Rows and Columns
1. To insert a blank table:

2. Place your insertion point in the document where

you want the table to appear.

3. Select the Insert tab.

4. Click the Table command.

5. Hover your mouse over the diagram squares to

select the number of columns and rows in the

table.

6. Click your mouse, and the table appears in the

document.

7. You can now place the insertion point anywhere in

the table to add text.

8. If no of required rows and column exceeding the

predefine cells then click on Insert Table and enter

number of row and columns as per your need.

You can able to add or remove

columns at any point in table by
just right click on cell and select
insert row above/below or insert
columns left/right

Now draw a table contains name

address and pin code.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 5: Exercise on Development of application using mail merge. Mail
merge address for envelope and letter, printing addressed envelope and letter.
In the previous practical we have learn how to make a table also we have created a table which
contains name , address and pin code.

Srno. Name Address Pincode

1 Rajesh Kumar 34 Garhi Cantt, 248003
Dehraun
2 Manisha Verma 33 Tubewell Road, 248007
Shyampur

Now we use this table and Mail-Merge to create multiple letters and envelops. Here are the
steps :-

• Select the Mailings on the Ribbon.

• Select the Start Mail Merge command.

1. Select Letters if you want to write letter or

Envelop if you want to create envelop.
2. In case of envelop carefully select size of envelop so
that while printing the address must print on
desired location.
3. Now click on next Tab Select Recipients.
4. As we have already has table in another file you
have to chose use existing list a open file dialog will open select your file (Word file
which contains table having address ).

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 5. Now to check all fields of table imported successfully
click on Edit Recipients list tab this tab show all the data
in tabular format from here you can add/ delete data also
uncheck field which you don’t want to send Mail .
6. Now write your letter and leave blank spaces where name
, address and pin code is to be printed in case of envelop
write your name and address at bottom of your envelop
and in address box write “To,” and leave blank remaining
space.
7. Now click on Insert Merge Field tab a drop down will appears with Heading of your
table like Name , Address, Pin code etc. click on Letter/ Envelop where you want to
insert Name and select name from Insert Merge Field tab a <<Name>> place holder
appears in Letter/ Envelop, Repeat these steps for all fields you want to include in Letter/
Envelop.
8. Click on Preview Result tab to see merged data in letter and Envelope use arrow key to
see next and previous record.
9. Now finally click Finish and Merge and select edit
Individual letter to complete the mail merge in
Merge yo new document dialog box select all or if
you want custom range select range and click on ok.
Now you will see a new document gets created
which contains all pages in the form of letter /
envelop you have merge i.e. no of rows in a table or data you have selected.
10.Click on print and place a4 sheet or envelop depending upon type of data you have
merged.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Practical 6: Formatting and customizing data, Formulas, functions and
named ranges, creating, manipulating & changing the chart type in
Spreadsheet.

Formatting and customizing data

All cell content uses the same formatting by default, which can make it difficult to read a workbook with
a lot of information. Basic formatting can customize the look and feel of workbook, allowing to draw
attention to specific sections and making your content easier to view and understand.

To change the font:

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font command on the Home tab. The Font drop-down
menu will appear.
• Select the desired font. A live preview of the new font will appear as you hover the mouse over
different options.
• The text will change to the selected font.

To change the font size:

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font Size command on the Home tab. The Font Size drop-
down menu will appear.
• Select the desired font size. A live preview of the new font size will appear as you hover the
mouse over different options.
• The text will change to the selected font size.

To change the font color

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Font Color command on the Home tab. The Color menu
will appear.
• Select the desired font color. A live preview of the new font color will appear as you hover the
mouse over different options.
• The text will change to the selected font color.

To use the Bold, Italic, and Underline commands

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 • Click the Bold (B), Italic (I), or Underline (U) command on the Home tab. In our example, we'll
make the selected cells bold.
• The selected style will be applied to the text.

Text alignment
To change horizontal text alignment
In our example below, we'll modify the alignment of our title cell to create a more polished look and
further distinguish it from the rest of the worksheet.

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.

• Select one of the three horizontal alignment commands on the Home tab. In our example, we'll
choose Center Align.
• The text will realign.

To change vertical text alignment

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Select one of the three vertical alignment commands on the Home tab. In our example, we'll
choose Middle Align.
• The text will realign.

Cell borders and fill colors

• Cell borders and fill colors allow you to create clear and defined boundaries for different sections
of your worksheet.

To add a border:
• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Borders command on the Home tab. The Borders drop-
down menu will appear.
• Select the border style you want to use.
• The selected border style will appear.

To add a fill color:

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.
• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Fill Color command on the Home tab. The Fill Color
menu will appear.
• Select the fill color you want to use. A live preview of the new fill color will appear as you hover
the mouse over different options.
• The selected fill color will appear in the selected cells.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Format Painter
If you want to copy formatting from one cell to another, you can use the Format Painter command on the
Home tab. When you click the Format Painter, it will copy all of the formatting from the selected cell.
You can then click and drag over any cells you want to paste the formatting to.

Cell styles
Instead of formatting cells manually, you can use Excel's predesigned cell styles. Cell styles are a quick
way to include professional formatting for different parts of your workbook, such as titles and headers.

To apply a cell style:

In our example, we'll apply a new cell style to our existing title and header cells.

• Select the cell(s) you want to modify.

• Click the Cell Styles command on the Home tab, then choose the desired style from the drop-
down menu. In our example, we'll choose Accent 1.
• The selected cell style will appear.

Formatting text and numbers

One of the most powerful tools in Excel is the ability to apply specific formatting for text and numbers.
Instead of displaying all cell content in exactly the same way, you can use formatting to change the
appearance of dates, times, decimals, percentages (%), currency ($), and much more.

To apply number formatting

In our example, we'll change the number format for several cells to modify the way dates are displayed.

1. Select the cells(s) you want to modify.

• Click the drop-down arrow next to the Number Format command on the Home tab. The Number
Formatting drop-down menu will appear.
• Select the desired formatting option. In our example, we will change the formatting to Long
Date.
• The selected cells will change to the new formatting style. For some number formats, you can
then use the Increase Decimal and Decrease Decimal commands (below the Number Format
command) to change the number of decimal places that are displayed.

Click the buttons in the interactive below to learn about different text and number formatting options.

Formulas
A formula in Excel is an expression that returns a specific result. All formulas in Excel must begin with an
equals sign (=).For example, =A1+A2+A3, which finds the sum of the range of values from cell A1 to cell A3.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Function
Functions are predefined formulas in Excel. They eliminate laborious manual entry of formulas while
giving them human-friendly names. For example: =SUM(A1:A3). The function sums all the values from
A1 to A3.

Named Ranges
Create an Excel named range
• Select a cell or a range of cells that you want to name.
• Type a name into the Name Box.
• Press the Enter key.

Creating, manipulating & changing the chart type in Spreadsheet. Create a

chart
• Select the data for which you want to create a chart.
• Click INSERT > Recommended Charts.
• On the Recommended Charts tab, scroll through the list of charts that Excel recommends for
your data, and click any chart to see how your data will look.
• If you don’t see a chart you like, click All Charts to see all the available chart types.
• When you find the chart you like, click it > OK.
• Use the Chart Elements, Chart Styles, and Chart Filters buttons, next to the upper-right corner of
the chart to add chart elements like axis titles or data labels, customize the look of your chart, or
change the data that is shown in the chart.
• To access additional design and formatting features, click anywhere in the chart to add the
CHART TOOLS to the ribbon, and then click the options you want on the DESIGN and
FORMAT tabs.

Modifying Charts
Once your chart appears in Excel, there are many ways to modify the way it looks and its location.
• To add any labels (for example, the title or axes), under the Design ribbon, click Add Chart
Element in the Chart Layouts group and select the desired label.
• To change the chart type, data, or location, use the Chart Tools Design ribbon.

From the Chart Tools Format ribbon, we can select an element on the chart (for example, a series), then
choose the Format Selection icon in the Current Selection group. With the Formatting Task pane, you
can change the shape, style and color.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Practical 7. Exercise on Preparing Presentation Slides- Opening and
saving a presentation, Inserting Images, Slide show timings, Animation
effects.
To open a presentation:
• Select the File tab to go to Backstage view.
• Select Open.
• Select Computer, then click Browse. Alternatively, you can
• choose OneDrive (previously known as SkyDrive) to open files stored on your OneDrive.
• The Open dialog box will appear. Locate and select your presentation, then click Open.

To save a presentation:
It's important to save your presentation whenever you start a new project or make changes to
anexisting one. Saving early and often can prevent your work from being lost. You'll also need to
payclose attention to where you save the presentation so it will be easy to find later.
• Locate and select the Save command on the Quick Access toolbar.
• If you're saving the file for the first time, the Save As pane will appear in Backstage view.
• You'll then need to choose where to save the file and give it a file name. To save the presentation
to your computer, select Computer, then click Browse. Alternatively, you can click OneDrive to
save the file to your OneDrive.
• The Save As dialog box will appear. Select the location where you want to save the presentation.
• Enter a file name for the presentation, then click Save.
• The presentation will be saved. You can click the Save command again to save your changes as
you modify the presentation.

You can also access the Save command by pressing Ctrl+S on your keyboard.
Insert an Image
• Click where you want to insert the picture on the slide.
• On the Insert tab, in the Images group, click Pictures.
• In the dialog box that opens, browse to the picture that you want to insert, click that picture, and
then click Insert.

Slide show timings

Advance Slide sets the transition timing by specifying how long a slide stays in view before
thetransition to the next slide begins. If no timing is selected, slides advance when you click the
mouse.

1. Select the slide that you want to set the timing for.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 2. On the Transitions tab, in the Timing group, under Advance Slide, do one of the following:
• To make the slide advance to the next slide when you click the mouse, select the On Mouse
Click check box.
• To make the slide advance automatically, select the after check box, and then enter the number
of minutes or seconds that you want. The timer starts when the final animation or other effect on
the slide finishes.
• To enable both the mouse and automatic advance, select both the On Mouse Click check box and
the after check box. Then, at after, enter the number of minutes or seconds that you want.

The slide will advance automatically, but you can advance it more quickly by clicking
themouse.
Animation effects.
Open the Animation Pane
• Select the object on the slide that you want to animate.
• On the Animations tab, click Animation Pane.
• Click Add Animation, and pick an animation effect.
• To apply additional animation effects to the same object, select it, click Add Animation and pick
another animation effect.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 8: Exercise on Connecting to the Internet, Searching the Internet,
Commonly used search engines, writing email, finding an e-mail address,
Using electronic mail

Connecting to the Internet

The two ingredients for connecting to the internet
Connecting to the internet requires two key ingredients:

• A device capable of connecting to the internet.(Modem)

• Access to an internet service that will allow that device to get connected.(ISP)

Basically, there are many types of both of the above things.

In other words, it’s possible to connect to the internet on an ever-increasing range of devices. Plus, there’s also quite a few
different types of services that allow these devices to get online.

People’s choice over the various devices and means of getting online varies according to many factors, including lifestyle
(whether they’re at home or out and about), how frequently they need to access the internet (everyday for a number of
hours or just occasional use), the types of things they want to use the internet to do (catch up with email or download and
watch films and tv programmes), and budget (internet access companies usually charge to use their services).

Searching the Internet: It is also known as browsing we use web browser to access web site or search engine. You can
directly enter web address(URL) or search keywords (Topics) on web browser.

Commonly used search engines

1. Google
2. Yahoo
3. MSN
4. Yandex

Writing email, finding an e-mail address, Using electronic mail

Writing E-Mail using Gmail’s Compose pane

You can click the Compose or New button from your inbox to open the Compose pane to create your own email
message. From here, you'll need to enter the recipient's email address and a subject. You'll also have the option to
upload files (photos, documents, etc.) as attachments and add formatting to the message.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

A Compose pane will also appear when you select Reply or Forward. The text from the original message will be copied
into the Compose pane.

Finding an e-mail address, Using electronic mail

Click on Inbox -> It will show you list of E-mails you have received to see sender E-Mail address click on any mail to
open it and on the top you will able to find sender email address.

Electronic Mail or E-Mail is use to send Messages and Files to long distance using internet in short span of time without
paying any extra charge . It is fast and no paper required to send and recive email thus saves environment to.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

Practical 9: Exercises on External and Internal Commands of MS DOS.
Types of Command
 Internal Command ◦ Those commands which are already loaded in the Command.COM file while switching to the MS
DOS ◦ E.g. CLS, VER, DEL, etc.
 External Command ◦ Those commands which are not loaded when loading the Program but are available in the Disk
and can be invoked whenever necessary ◦ E.g. FORMAT, TREE, XCOPY, etc.

Getting into MS DOS

• To start MS DOS, click on the Start button and choose Run
• In the Run dialog box, type CMD or COMMAND which is the EXE file for MS DOS
• Click on the OK button Listing the Directories and Files in MS DOS

For listing the Sub-directories and Files within a directory, we use the DIR command
• Syntax : ◦ DIR/ [Directory_name]
◦ E.g. C:\>DIR/ NCIT
 Displays all the directories/files within the directory NCIT
Creating a Directory in MS DOS
 For creating the Directory in MS DOS, we use the MD (Make Directory)command
 Syntax: ◦ C:\> MD NCIT
Changing a Directory in MS DOS
 For changing the directory in MS DOS, we use the CD (Change Directory) command
 Syntax: ◦ C:\>CD NCIT
 Now it appears as: ◦ C:\NCIT>
Switching between Directories
 For switching between the directories we use the CD.. Or CD\ commands
 CD.. Command switches from the current directory to the Parent directory
 CD\ command switches from the current directory to the Root directory
Creating Files in MS DOS
 For creating the files in DOS, the command COPY CON is used
 Syntax: ◦ COPY CON filename
Note: File name should not exceed eight characters excluding three characters for extension
◦ E.g. College1.txt ◦ To save the file press Ctrl+z then Enter
Reading Files in MS DOS
 For reading the Pre-created files in MS DOS, we use the TYPE command. It displays all the contents that are in the file.

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Syntax : ◦ TYPE Filename
Renaming Files
 For renaming the files in MS DOS we use the REN Command
 Syntax: ◦ REN oldfilename newfilename
Deleting Files in MS DOS
 For deleting files in MS DOS we use the DEL command
 Syntax : ◦ DEL Filename
Deleting directories in MSDOS
 For deleting the directories in MS DOS we use the RD command
 Syntax : ◦ RD Directoryname
Note : For removing the directory first the directory should be empty
Checking the Date/Time
 For checking the date from the system in MS DOS, we use the DATE command. It returns the current system date.
 Similarly, theTIME command returns the current time from the system
 Syntax : ◦ C:\>DATE
 E.g. C:\>DATE

External Commands : Those commands which are not loaded when loading the Program but are available in the Disk
and can be invoked whenever necessary E.g. FORMAT, TREE, XCOPY, etc.
The FORMAT Command
The FORMAT command prepares a new disk for use by organizing the disk into magnetic tracks and sectors
 Syntax : ◦ A:\>FORMAT [Drive_name]
 E.g. ◦ C:\>FORMAT A: The TREE Command

The TREE command is used to display all directory pathnames on the specified disk
 Syntax : ◦ C:\>TREE [disk_name]
 E.g. ◦ C:\>TREE A: The EDIT Command
 The EDIT command in MS DOS is used to edit the files. It provides a different full screen Editor window with a few
menu options.
 Syntax : ◦ C:\>EDIT [filename]

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)

 Practical 10. Create Business Cards using Shapes, text, and color.
How to design a business card in 8 steps
Once you have your logo, brand color scheme, and a good idea of what you want your card to say
aboutyou, you’re ready to start. Just follow the 8 steps below to determine which business card design
would work best for you.

1. Choose your shape

2. Choose your size
3. Add your logo and other graphics
4. Add necessary text
• Name
• Company name
• Job title Phone number
• Email
• Website URL
• Social media
• Address
• QR code
• Slogan
5. Choose your typography
6. Consider special finishes
7. Pick a designer
8. Finalize your design

By: Sushil Kumar Thapa Computer Programmer (G.P Aamwala , Dehradun)