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Sonometer Lab Report

The lab report investigates how the frequency of a tuning fork varies with the length of a sonometer wire under fixed tension, confirming that frequency is inversely proportional to length. The experiment involved measuring the vibrating length corresponding to different tuning fork frequencies and resulted in a straight-line graph supporting the theoretical relation. Minor errors were noted, but the findings illustrate the practical application of the laws governing vibrating strings.

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14 views3 pages

Sonometer Lab Report

The lab report investigates how the frequency of a tuning fork varies with the length of a sonometer wire under fixed tension, confirming that frequency is inversely proportional to length. The experiment involved measuring the vibrating length corresponding to different tuning fork frequencies and resulted in a straight-line graph supporting the theoretical relation. Minor errors were noted, but the findings illustrate the practical application of the laws governing vibrating strings.

Uploaded by

uddin868shihab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Report

Experiment:
Study of the variation of the frequency (n) of a tuning fork with length (l) of a sonometer (n
vs l curve) under given tension.

Objective:
To determine how the frequency of a tuning fork varies with the vibrating length of the
sonometer wire under a fixed tension.

Theory:
The frequency of vibration of a stretched string (sonometer wire) is given by:
n = (1 / 2l) * sqrt(T / μ)

Where:
n = frequency of vibration (Hz)
l = vibrating length of the wire (m)
T = tension in the wire (N)
μ = linear mass density of the wire (kg/m)

Thus, frequency is inversely proportional to the vibrating length: n ∝ 1/l.

Apparatus:
- Sonometer
- Tuning forks
- Weights and hanger
- Rubber hammer
- Paper rider

Procedure:
1. Set up the sonometer wire and apply tension using known weights.
2. Place two bridges on the sonometer at a certain length.
3. Strike the tuning fork and place it on the sonometer box.
4. Adjust the vibrating length until resonance occurs and the paper rider falls.
5. Note the vibrating length of the wire corresponding to each tuning fork frequency.
6. Repeat with tuning forks of different frequencies.
Data Table:
Frequency (Hz) Length (cm) 1/l (cm⁻¹)

256 32 0.03125

288 28 0.03571

320 25 0.04

341 23.5 0.04255

Graph 1: Frequency (n) vs Length (l)


Graph 2: Frequency (n) vs 1/l

Result:
The experiment verifies that the frequency of vibration of the sonometer wire is inversely
proportional to its vibrating length, under constant tension.

Discussion:
- The straight-line graph of n vs 1/l confirms the theoretical relation n ∝ 1/l.
- Minor errors may arise due to inaccuracies in length measurement, variation in tension,
and imperfect resonance detection.
- The experiment demonstrates the practical application of laws of vibrating strings.

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