REPORT ON ORACLE

SUBMITTED BY M.AZHAR CHORGHAY SMBA10048

Oracle Corporation is an American multinational computer technology corporation that specializes in developing and marketing computer hardware systems and enterprise software products particularly database management systems. Headquartered at 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, Redwood City, California, United States and employing approximately 111,298 people worldwide as of 30 November 2011,[3] it has enlarged its share of the software market through organic growth and through a number of high-profile acquisitions. By 2007 Oracle had the third-largest software revenue, after Microsoft and IBM. The company also builds tools for database development and systems of middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning software (ERP), customer relationship management software (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM) software. Larry Ellison, a co-founder of Oracle Corporation, has served as Oracle's CEO throughout its history. He also served as the Chairman of the Board until his replacement byJeffrey O. Henley in 2004. On August 22, 2008 the Associated Press ranked Ellison as the top-paid chief executive in the world

Oracle softwares Oracle Corporation's tools for developing applications include (amongst others):

Oracle Designer Oracle Developer which consists of Oracle Forms, Oracle Discoverer and Oracle Reports Oracle JDeveloper NetBeans Oracle Application Express also known as APEX Oracle SQL Developer Oracle SQL*Plus Worksheet OEPE, Oracle Enterprise Pack for Eclipse.

Many external and third-party tools make the Oracle database administrator's tasks easier. Oracle hardware products Hardware

The Sun hardware range acquired by Oracle Corporation's purchase of Sun Microsystems Engineered systems: pre-engineered and pre-assembled hardware/software bundles for enterprise use

Exadata Database Machine hardware/software integrated storage Exalogic Elastic Cloud hardware/software integrated application server Oracle Database Appliance Big Data Appliance integrated map-reduce/big data solution SPARC SuperCluster T4-4 a general purpose engineered system

Planning
Despite the high potential business benefits of the software, an Oracle implementation can be challenging and complex. The flexibility, power, and broad scope of the Oracles ERP functionality can create unique challenges that need to be carefully managed during system design, implementation, and integration. Using our proprietary and technology-agnostic PERFECT Path ERP implementation methodology and toolset, Panorama helps clients successfully plan, design, and implement Oracle products such as e Business (EBS), PeopleSoft, and Demantra. Our successful Oracle implementations help clients leverage the following methods and expertise.

Elements of an Oracle Implementation

Oracle implementation project planning System design and business blueprint Oracle implementation project management and program management Business process redesign and definition Gap analysis between industry accelerators and client business requirements Organizational change management and employee communications End-user training Form and report definition Data migration strategy and mapping Technical infrastructure upgrades Business processes and systems integration Functional expertise in key Oracle EBS modules and bolt-on systems, including financials, advanced planning, Demantra, Hyperion, PeopleSoft, and Seibel CRM
Panoramas ERP implementation tools and expertise helps clients implement their Oracle implementations faster and at a lower cost than industry averages. In fact, our independent research shows that Panorama clients implement in 10% less time and 50% less cost than the average Oracle implementation. Further, Panorama has the industry reach to effectively and efficiently staff your Oracle project with Oracle-certified functional experts. Find out more about leveraging our global network of Oracle consultants in the ERP staffing section.

Implementation

Over 65,000 customers worldwide rely on Oracle's complete application solutions to achieve superior results. Oracle Applications also provide complete choice and a secure path for customers to benefit from the latest technology advances. Oracle Applications Unlimited is Oracle's commitment to customer choice through continuous investment and innovation in current applications offerings. The powerful combination of complete solutions and complete choice drives better business performance and helps customers tailor their enterprise business and IT strategy, optimize their IT investments and use IT as a strategic point of differentiation.

Oracle's next-generation Fusion Applicationsbuild upon that commitment, and are designed to: Work with and create strategic business value around Oracle's Applications Unlimited offerings Adhere to Oracle's lifetime support policy that helps ensure customers will continue to have a choice in upgrade paths, based on their enterprise needs

#1 in transportation management, project portfolio management, customer relationship management, human capital management combined with comprehensive vertical industry applications and industry-leading support Leverage Oracle Fusion Middleware, the #1 standards-based application platform, providing choice and investment protection Integrated processes, business intelligence, security and infrastructure to accelerate adoption, increase productivity and reduce IT costs Continued innovation and investment, with major re-leases across every single product line

INNOVATION

Software Development Laboratories (SDL) was incorporated in Santa Clara, California by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates. Oracle Version 1, written in assembly language which ran on PDP-11 under RSX, in 128K of memory. Implementation separated Oracle code and user code. Oracle V1 was never officially released. The name Oracle comes from the code name of a CIA project which the founders had all worked on while at the Ampex Corporation. SDL was renamed to Relational Software Inc. (RSI)] and relocated to Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California. Oracle 2, the first version of the Oracle database software, as purchased by Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, runs on PDP-11hardware. The company decides to name the first version of its flagship product "version 2" rather than "version 1" because it believes customers might hesitate to buy the initial release of its product. RSI actively promotes Oracle on the VAX platform (the software runs on the VAX in PDP-11 emulator mode).

Umang Gupta joins RSI, where he writes the first business plan for the company and serves as Vice President and General Manager.

RSI begins developing tools for the Oracle Database, including the Interactive Application Facility (IAF), a predecessor to Oracle*Forms. RSI renames itself Oracle Systems Corporation in order to align itself more closely with its primary product. March 1983: Oracle Database is rewritten in C for portability and Oracle version 3 is released. Oracle receives additional funding from Sequoia Capital. Oracle version 4 was released, introducing read consistency. Oracle database software was ported to the PC platform. The MS-DOS version (4.1.4) of Oracle runs in only 512K of memory. (Oracle for MSDOS version 5, released in 1986, runs in Protected Mode on 286 machines using a technique invented by Mike Roberts, among the first products to do so.) Oracle version 5 is released one of the first RDBMSs to operate in client-server mode. Oracle version 5.1 is released with support for distributed queries. Investigations into clustering begin. Oracle goes public with revenues of $55 million US$. : Oracle founds its Applications division, building business-management software closely integrated with its database software. Oracle acquires TCI for its project management software. Oracle version 6 is released with support for row-level locking and hot backups. The developers embedded the PL/SQL procedural language engine into the database but made no provision to store program blocks such as procedures and triggers in the database this capability came in version 7. Users could submit PL/SQL blocks for immediate execution in the server from an environment such as SQL*Plus, or via SQL statements embedded in a host program. Oracle included separate PL/SQL engines in various client tools (such as SQL*Forms and Reports). Oracle moves its world headquarters to Redwood Shores, California. Revenues reach US$584 million. : In the third quarter, Oracle reports its first ever loss; it lays off hundreds of employees. Ellison hires Michael S. Fields as President of Oracle U.S.A., Jeffrey O. Henley as CFO and Raymond Lane as COO. Oracle 7 is released with performance enhancements, administrative utilities, applicationdevelopment tools, security features, the ability to persist PL/SQL program units in the database as stored procedures and triggers, and support for declarative referential integrity. Oracle releases its "Cooperative Development Environment" (CDE), which bundles Oracle Forms, Reports, Graphics, and Book. Oracle acquires the database-product DEC Rdb (subsequently called Oracle Rdb) from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Oracle Rdb operates only on the OpenVMS platform (also a former product of DEC).

Oracle Systems Corporation announces the merger of Oracle Corporation into Oracle Systems Corporation. This transaction eliminates the holding company structure and streamlines the operating company, Oracle Corporation, with the public holding company, Oracle Systems Corporation. As part of the merger, Oracle Systems Corporation is renamed Oracle Corporation and is the surviving entity incorporated as a Delaware corporation. Oracle Corporation announces new data-warehousing facilities, including parallel queries. Oracle becomes one of the first large software companies to announce an Internet strategy when Ellison introduces the Network Computer concept at an IDC conference in Paris. Oracle releases Web Browser of the Oracle Power Browser. Oracle released the first version of Discoverer. Oracle 8 is released with SQL object technology, Internet technology and support for terabytes of data. September 1997: Oracle Corporation announces a commitment to the Java platform, and introduces Oracle's Java integrated development environment, subsequently called Oracle J Developer. Oracle releases Oracle Applications 10.7 Network Computing Architecture (NCA). All the applications in the business software now run across the web in a standard web browser. Oracle Corporation releases Oracle Applications 11. Oracle announces that it will integrate a Java Virtual Machine with Oracle Database. Oracle 8i is released (the i stands for Internet). Oracle 8 and Oracle Application Server 4.0 are released on the Linux platform. Oracle releases JDeveloper 2.0, showcasing Business Components for Java (BC4J), a set of libraries and development tools for building database-aware applications. OracleMobile subsidiary is founded. Oracle 9i and Application Server is released. In May, Oracle announces the Internet File System (iFS), later re-branded as Oracle Content Management SDK. Ellison announces that Oracle saved $1 billion by implementing and using its own business applications. Oracle 10g is released (the g stands for Grid). After a long battle over the control of PeopleSoft, Oracle announces that it has signed an agreement to acquire PeopleSoft for $26.50 per share (approximately $10.3 billion). Oracle Corporation announces that it will reduce its combined workforce to 50,000, a reduction of approximately 5,000 following the take-over of PeopleSoft. Oracle Corporation announces that it has agreed to acquire the private company Global Logistics Technologies, Inc., a global provider of logistics and transportation management software (TMS) solutions, through a cash offer. Oracle Corporation announces its purchase of Siebel Systems, a producer of CRM technologies and a provider of business intelligence software, for $5.8 billion. A serious security vulnerability in Oracle database password management is published by Joshua Wright of the Sans Institute and Carlos Cid of the University of London. Oracle Corporation replies that existing safeguards and following good industry practices were

sufficient defenses. Oracle didn't close the underlying security hole until its release of the 11g DBMS in 2007. Oracle Corporation announces its acquisition of Portal Software, Inc. (OTC BB: PRSF.PK), a global provider of billing- and revenue-management solutions for the communications and media industry, at $4.90 per share, or approximately $220 million. Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux. Oracle Corporation announces that it has agreed to acquire Stellent, Inc. (NASDAQ: STEL), a global provider of enterprise content management (ECM) software solutions, through a cash tender offer for $13.50 per share, or approximately $440 million. A majority of MetaSolv stockholders approves Oracle's acquisition of MetaSolv Software, a provider of operations support systems (OSS) software for the communications industry. Oracle 11g is released. Marc Oracle announces an agreement to buy Hyperion Solutions Corporation (Nasdaq: HYSL), a global provider of performance-management software solutions, through a cash tender offer for $52.00 per share, or approximately $3.3 billion. The acquisition officially took place on July 1, 2007. Oracle files a court case against a major competitor, SAP AG, in the Californian courts for malpractice and unfair competition. Oracle buys Agile Software Corporation Oracle confirms the impending departure of John Wookey, senior vice president for application development and head of its applications strategy, raising questions concerning the planned release and future of Oracle's Fusion Applications strategy. Oracle announces it will buy BEA Systems for $19.375 per share in cash for a total of "$7.2 billion net of cash."[19] September 24, 2008: Oracle announces it will market servers and storage in a co-developed and co-branded data warehouse appliance named the HP Oracle Database Machine. Oracle acquires Sun Microsystems. Oracle launches Enterprise Manager Ops Center, a platform for managing physical and virtual Sun environments. Oracle agrees to acquire Phase Forward for approximately $685 million. Mexico Development Center begins to operate with offices in Guadalajara, Jalisco, known as the Mexican Sillicon Valley. Oracle is indicted for fraud by the US Department of Justice. Oracle wins $1.3 billion law suit against SAP the largest software piracy judgment in history. While acknowledging the wrongdoings of its unit Tomorrow Now, which was accused of massive illegal downloads of Oracle software, SAP seeks reduction of the jury award. Oracle announced fiscal 2011 Q3 GAAP total revenues were up 37% to $8.8 billion, while non-GAAP total revenues were up 36% to $8.8 billion. Oracle Corporation acquires RightNow Technologies Inc. for $1.5 billion, to strengthen cloud services.

Oracle announces acquisition of Taleo for $1.9 billion to add Talent Management products and services

. Technology timeline

1979: offers the first commercial SQL RDBMS 1983: offers a VAX-mode database 1984: offers the first database with read-consistency 1986: offers a client-server DBMS 1987: introduces UNIX-based Oracle applications 1988: introduces PL/SQL 1992: offers full applications implementation methodology 1995: offers the first 64-bit RDBMS 1996: moves towards an open standards-based, web-enabled architecture 1999: offers its first DBMS with XML support 2001: becomes the first to complete 3 terabyte TPC-H world record 2002: offers the first database to pass 15 industry standard security evaluations 2003: introduces what it calls "Enterprise Grid Computing" with Oracle10g 2005: releases its first free database, Oracle Database 10g Express Edition (XE) 2008: smart scans in software improve query-response in HP Oracle Database Machine / Exadata storage

IMPLEMENTATION
In 1990 Oracle laid off 10% (about 400 people) of its work force because of accounting errors. This crisis came about because of Oracle's "up-front" marketing strategy, in which sales people urged potential customers to buy the largest possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses. This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and also settled (out of court) class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison stated in 1992 that Oracle had made "an incredible business mistake." Although IBM dominated the mainframe relational-database market with its DB2 and SQL/DS database products, it delayed when entering the market for a relational database on UNIX and Windows operating systems. This left the door open for Sybase, Oracle, and Informix (and eventually Microsoft) to dominate mid-range and microcomputers. Around this time Oracle technology started to lag technically behind that of Sybase. In 19901993 Sybase became the fastest-growing database company and the database industry's darling vendor, but soon fell victim to its merger mania and to technical issues with System X. Sybase's 1993 merger with PowerSoft resulted in its losing its focus on its core database technology. In 1993, Sybase sold the rights

to its database software running under the Windows operating system to Microsoft Corporation, which now markets it under the name "SQL Server." In 1994, Informix Software overtook Sybase and became Oracle's most important rival. The intense war between Informix CEO Phil White and Ellison made front-page news in Silicon Valley for three years. Informix claimed that Oracle had hired away Informix engineers to disclose important trade secrets about an upcoming product. Informix finally dropped its lawsuit against Oracle in 1997.In November 2005 a book detailing the war between Oracle and Informix appeared, providing a detailed chronology of the battle of Informix against Oracle, and how Informix Software's CEO Phil White landed in jail because of his obsession with overtaking Ellison. Once it had overcome Informix and Sybase, Oracle Corporation enjoyed years of dominance in the database market until use of Microsoft SQL Server became widespread in the late 1990s and IBM acquired Informix Software in 2000 (to complement its DB2 database). Today Oracle competes for new database licenses on UNIX, Linux, and Windows operating systems primarily against IBM's DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server (which only runs on Windows). IBM's DB2 still dominates the mainframe database market. In 2004 Oracle's sales grew at a rate of 14.5% to $6.2 billion, giving it 41.3% and the top share of the relational-database market (InformationWeek March, 2005), with market share estimated at up to 44.6% in 2005 by some sources. Oracle Corporation's main competitors in the database arena remain IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server, and to a lesser extent Sybase and Teradata, with opensource databases such as PostgreSQL and MySQL also having a significant share of the market. EnterpriseDB, based on PostgreSQL, has recently made inroads by proclaiming that its product delivers Oracle compatibility features at a much lower price-point. In the software-applications market, Oracle Corporation primarily competes against SAP. On March 22, 2007 Oracle sued SAP, accusing them of fraud and unfair competition. In the market for business intelligence software, many other software companies small and large have successfully competed in quality with Oracle and SAP products. Business intelligence vendors can be categorized into the "big four" consolidated BI firms such as Oracle, who has entered BI market through a recent trend of acquisitions (including Hyperion Solutions), and the independent "pure play" vendors such as MicroStrategy, Actuate, and SAS.

CONTROL AND EVALUATION

On August 13, 2010, an internal Oracle memo leaked to the Internet cited plans for ending the OpenSolaris operating system project and community. With Oracle planning to develop Solaris only in a closed source fashion, OpenSolaris developers moved to the Illumos and OpenIndiana project, among others.

As Oracle completed their acquisition of Sun Microsystems in February 2010, they announced that OpenSSO would no longer be their strategic product. Shortly after, OpenSSO was forked to OpenAM. and will continue to be developed and supported by ForgeRock.

On September 6, 2010, Oracle announced that former Hewlett-Packard CEO Mark Hurd is replacing Charles Phillips as Oracle Co-President. Apparently Phillips had wanted to leave Oracle since December 2009. "Oracle is clearly capitalizing on this opportunity to get someone strong from a top hardware company," said Forrester analyst James Staten. "In terms of how this helps Oracle against IBM, there is reason to be optimistic." On September 7, 2010, HP announced a civil lawsuit against Hurd "to protect HP's trade secrets." On September 20, Oracle and HP published a joint press release announcing the resolution of the lawsuit on confidential terms and reaffirming commitment to long-term strategic partnership between the companies. A number of Open Office developers had formed The Document Foundation and had received backing by Google, Novell, Red Hat, and Canonical, as well as some others, but were unable to get Oracle to donate the brand OpenOffice.org, causing a fork in the development of OpenOffice with the foundation now developing and promoting LibreOffice. Oracle has expressed no interest in sponsoring the new project and has asked the Open Office developers that have started the project to resign from the company due to "conflicts of interest." On November 1, 2010, 33 of the OpenOffice developers gave their letters of resignation. On June 1, 2011, Oracle donated OpenOffice to Apache Software Foundation. On Jun 15, 2011, HP filed a lawsuit in California Superior Court in Santa Clara, claiming that Oracle had breached an agreement to support the Itanium microprocessor used in HP's high-end enterprise servers. A week before, HP had sent a "formal legal demand" letter to Oracle to force the world's No. 3 software maker to reverse its decision to discontinue software development on Intel Itanium microprocessor. Oracle has responded calling HP's lawsuit "an abuse of the judicial process" and saying that had it known SAP's Leo Apotheker was about to be hired as HP's new CEO, any support for HP's Itanium servers would not have been implied.

MERGERS On January 27, 2010, Oracle announced it had completed its acquisition of Sun Microsystems valued at more than $7 billion a move that transformed Oracle from solely a software company to a manufacturer of both software and hardware. The acquisition was delayed for several months by the EU Commission because of concerns about MySQL, however was unconditionally approved in the end. This acquisition was important to some in the open source community and also to some other companies, as they feared Oracle might end Sun's traditional support of open source projects. Since the acquisition, Oracle has discontinued Open Solaris and StarOffice, and sued Google over their newly acquired Java patents from Sun. In September 2011 a Wikileaks cable was published revealing that the U.S. pressured the E.U. to allow Oracle to acquire Sun.

Acquisition of Phase Forward

On August 11, 2010, Phase Forward, a company that developed data management systems for the pharmaceutical industry, became a wholly owned subsidiary of Oracle Corporation. Some analysts believe this acquisition has a huge impact on the healthcare and life sciences software market. For example Loraine Lawson writes that "health care isn't just another vertical. It's the vertical to watch, an area where spending has stayed strong despite economic turmoil in other sectors. It's also primed for growth in the United States, where it's the focus of major government reform efforts."

Clear Trial Oracle announced that it has entered into an agreement to acquire ClearTrial, a leading provider of cloud-based Clinical Trial Operations (CTO) applications that make the planning, sourcing, and tracking of clinical projects and financial performance faster and more accurate.

Taleo Corporation Taleo Corporation is a publicly traded provider of cloud-based Talent Management solutions headquartered in Dublin, Calif. Taleos solutions are primarily centered around talent acquisition (recruitment),performance management, learning and development, and compensation management. These capabilities combine to provide what Taleo calls Talent [2] Intelligence, or an enhanced level of insight into candidates and employees. Taleo sells its products entirely via a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model, in which all software and information resides in data centers operated and secured by Taleo. As of August 2011, Taleo reported it had more than 5,000 customers ranging from small and mediumsized businesses (SMBs) to large global enterprises, including nearly half of the Fortune 100. On February 9, 2012, Oracle Corporation entered into an agreement to acquire Taleo Corporation for $1.9 billion. Sun Microsystems, Inc. Sun Microsystems, Inc. was a company that sold computers, computer components, computer software, and information technology services. Sun was founded on February 24, 1982. At its height, Sun headquarters were in Santa Clara, California (part of Silicon Valley), on the former west campus of the Agnews Developmental Center.

On January 27, 2010, Sun was acquired by Oracle Corporation for US$7.4 billion, based on an agreement signed on April 20, 2009. The following month, Sun Microsystems, Inc. was merged with Oracle USA, Inc. to become Oracle America, Inc. Sun products included computer servers and workstations based on its own SPARC processors as well as AMD's Opteron and Intel's Xeon processors; storage systems; and, a suite of software products including the Solaris operating system, developer tools, Web infrastructure software, and identity management applications. Other technologies include the Java platform, MySQL, and NFS. Sun was a proponent of open systems in general and Unix in particular, and a major contributor to open source software. Sun's main manufacturing facilities were located in Hillsboro, Oregon and Linlithgow, Scotland. Art Technology Group Art Technology Group (ATG) was an independent Internet technology company specializing in ecommerce software and on-demand optimization applications until its acquisition by Oracle on January 5, 2011. ATG continues to be based in Cambridge, Massachusetts and operates under its own name as a subsidiary of Oracle. The company is a provider of eCommerce software and related ondemand commerce optimization applications. ATG's solutions provide merchandising, marketing, content personalization, automated recommendations, and live-help services. Endeca Endeca is a software company headquartered in Cambridge, MA, that sells enterprise search and business intelligence applications. Endeca was founded in 1999 and was a privately-held company, backed by venture capital investment from Bessemer, Venrock, Intel, and SAP. On October 18, 2011, Oracle Corporation announced its acquisition of Endeca for $1.075B. Endeca is recognized as a pioneer of faceted search, particularly in the context of electronic commerce and online libraries. It claims that over 600 customers, including manufacturers, ecommerce sites, media sites, and U.S. intelligence services, are using its Information Access Platform product. It is considered a leader in the enterprise search and information access market by industry analyst firms Gartner, IDC, and Forrester The name Endeca derives from the German word entdecken, meaning "to discover."