Python Basics with Examples
Introduction to Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its readability and flexibility. It
is widely used in web development, data science, artificial intelligence, automation, and more.
Hello World Example
A simple Python program looks like this:
print("Hello, World!")
Variables & Data Types
Variables in Python do not need explicit declaration. Common types include int, float, str, and bool.
age = 21
pi = 3.14
name = "Alice"
is_student = True
print(name, age, pi, is_student)
Control Structures
Python uses indentation instead of braces. - if/elif/else for conditions - for/while loops for iteration
x = 10
if x > 5:
print("Greater than 5")
else:
print("5 or less")
for i in range(3):
print(i)
Functions
Functions are defined using the 'def' keyword.
def greet(name):
return "Hello " + name
print(greet("Alice"))
Lists, Tuples, Sets, Dicts
Python has powerful collection types. - list: ordered, mutable - tuple: ordered, immutable - set:
unordered, unique values - dict: key-value pairs
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
point = (10, 20)
unique = {1, 2, 3}
person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}
print(fruits, point, unique, person)
Best Practices
- Use descriptive variable names - Follow PEP 8 (Python style guide) - Write modular code with
functions - Use virtual environments for projects
Tips
- Use list comprehensions for concise loops - Explore Python standard library - Use 'pip' for
package management
Diagram (Textual)
Python Program Flow: Input -> Processing -> Output Example: user input -> calculation -> print
result
Conclusion
Python is beginner-friendly yet powerful. With practice, you can quickly build scripts, apps, and
advanced projects.
