1.
append()
• Adds an item to the end of the list.
• Syntax: list.append(item)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana"]
fruits.append("cherry")
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
2. extend()
• Adds all elements of an iterable (like a list, tuple, etc.) to the end of the list.
• Syntax: list.extend(iterable)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana"]
fruits.extend(["cherry", "date"])
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date']
3. insert()
• Inserts an item at a given position in the list.
• Syntax: list.insert(index, item)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana"]
fruits.insert(1, "cherry")
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'cherry', 'banana']
4. remove()
• Removes the first occurrence of an item from the list.
• Syntax: list.remove(item)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.remove("banana")
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'cherry']
5. pop()
• Removes and returns an item from a given index. If no index is specified, it removes and
returns the last item.
• Syntax: list.pop(index)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
popped_item = fruits.pop(1)
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'cherry']
print(popped_item) # 'banana'
6. clear()
• Removes all items from the list, leaving it empty.
• Syntax: list.clear()
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.clear()
print(fruits) # []
7. index()
• Returns the index of the first occurrence of a specified item.
• Syntax: list.index(item)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
index = fruits.index("banana")
print(index) # 1
8. count()
• Returns the number of times a specified item appears in the list.
• Syntax: list.count(item)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "banana"]
count = fruits.count("banana")
print(count) # 2
9. sort()
• Sorts the items in the list in ascending order. For descending order, use reverse=True.
• Syntax: list.sort(reverse=False)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.sort()
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
10. reverse()
• Reverses the order of the items in the list.
• Syntax: list.reverse()
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.reverse()
print(fruits) # ['cherry', 'banana', 'apple']
11. copy()
• Returns a shallow copy of the list.
• Syntax: list.copy()
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits_copy = fruits.copy()
print(fruits_copy) # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
12. join() (String Method, often used with lists of strings)
• Joins all elements of a list (of strings) into a single string.
• Syntax: 'separator'.join(list)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
result = ", ".join(fruits)
print(result) # 'apple, banana, cherry'
13. list()
• Converts an iterable (like a string, tuple, or set) into a list.
• Syntax: list(iterable)
• Example:
python
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string = "hello"
list_string = list(string)
print(list_string) # ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
14. del (delete statement)
• Removes an element at a specific index or the entire list.
• Syntax: del list[index] or del list
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
del fruits[1]
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'cherry']
15. max()
• Returns the largest item in a list.
• Syntax: max(list)
• Example:
python
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numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
largest = max(numbers)
print(largest) # 5
16. min()
• Returns the smallest item in a list.
• Syntax: min(list)
• Example:
python
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numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
smallest = min(numbers)
print(smallest) # 1
17. sum()
• Returns the sum of all elements in the list (useful with numeric lists).
• Syntax: sum(list)
• Example:
python
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numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
total = sum(numbers)
print(total) # 15
18. any()
• Returns True if any element in the list evaluates to True. Otherwise, returns False.
• Syntax: any(list)
• Example:
python
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values = [0, False, 3, None]
print(any(values)) # True
19. all()
• Returns True if all elements in the list evaluate to True. Otherwise, returns False.
• Syntax: all(list)
• Example:
python
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values = [True, True, False]
print(all(values)) # False
20. enumerate()
• Adds a counter to an iterable and returns it as an enumerate object.
• Syntax: enumerate(iterable)
• Example:
python
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fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for index, fruit in enumerate(fruits):
print(index, fruit)
