A rigid circular concrete foundation supporting a machine is 4 m in diameter (Fig. 3).
The total weight
of the machine and foundation is 700 kN. The machine imparts a sinusoidal horizontal vibration of 25
sin 20t kN on the footing. If the foundation soil is dense sand having the following properties: unit
weight = 17 kN/m3 and elastic modulus = 55 MPa. Determine (1) the resonant frequency, (2) the
amplitude of the vibration at the resonant frequency, and (3) the amplitude of the vibration at the
operating frequency. Assume poisson’s ratio 0.33 (7.5)
25 sin 20t kN
The building has plan dimensions of 120 ft in both directions, ten
stories at 12 ft 6 in story height, no basement, and perimeter steel special
moment frames. The seismic weight tributary to each perimeter moment
frame, W, is 31140 kN. The response modification factor, R, is 8. The
seismic importance factor, Ie, is 1.0. The fundamental period from modal analysis for the
model with pin supports at the base of each column is 2.04 seconds and for the model with
vertical and horizontal spring supports at the base of each column is 2.40 seconds. The
building is located in a high seismic area with design spectral response acceleration
parameter, at short periods (SDS) = 1.39 and for long periods SD1 = 1.16. Compute the seismic
response coefficient. The effective viscous damping ratio of the structure, taken as 5%. the
effective viscous damping ratio of the structure, taken as 5% and The
radiation damping ratio, βrd, as 0.019. Compute the base shear adjustment (ΔV) due to SSI.
(7.5)
In the response spectra shown below in figure 1, what is the base shear and base moment of a
weight of a structure (W) is 712 kN and Time Period of 0.3 is at height 2.5 m above the
ground. (7.5)
Fig. 1
Calculate the radiation damping ratios in lateral translation, rocking and vertical translation of
the base for the data given below. Assume the missing data if any. (7.5)
Structural Data
Base dimension: 64 m x 64 m; Total wt. (m*g): 1.44 x 105 ton;
Mass mom. inert. abt. base (I)o=9.916 x10-6 t-m-sec2
Total height : 58.7 m; Embedment: 12.7 m on three sides
Foundation Data
Shear wave velocity (Vs ): 800 m/sec on avg.;
Shear modulus (G): 1.312 x 105 t/m2
Unit weight (ρg): 2.01 t/m3
Poisson's ratio: 1/3
The simple bridge model of Fig. 2 having mass m = 350 Mg, elastic pier stiffness Kc = 48 000
kN/m and height H = 6 m, is subjected to the Kobe Fukiai record (Fig. 3) having a peak
ground acceleration of 0.80 g. The pier is assumed to be elastoplastic with 10% post-yielding
stiffness, designed with a seismic coefficient Cs = Cy = 0.50 which is considered
representative of its actual yielding strength. For simplicity, the foundation translation is
ignored (∆ f = 0, Kx =∞ );the rocking stiffness of the footing is KR= 2 x l06 kN m (this would
be the stiffness of a group of 4 x 5 closely-spaced piles embedded in a soil layer with average
V, of about 200 m/s). Consider the damping ratio of the fixed-base and the flexibly-supported
system are assumed to be 5% of critical. Compare acceleration response of the bridge with
respect to fixed base system and flexible support system.
(7.5)
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Additional material
Check for the response of RCC chimney height is 150m with a raft diameter of 18m and area
of shell 8.5m2 with moment of inertia 92.5 m4 subjected to earthquake force resting on soil
strata located in zone IV. Find the design bending moment and shear force for the chimney if
it is supported on soil with shear wave velocity of 300 m/sec. Take SSI effects (Time period,
damping) into consideration with Gmax and G reduced values. Take Unit weight of soil (γ) =
20kN/m3, Poisson’s ratio (υ) = 0.45, Grade of concrete – M30, Econcrete = 3.12 x 108
kN/m2. Sa/g =spectral acceleration coefficient for soil sites as specified in fig. 1 of IS 1893-
Part 1. (7.5)
Calculate the structure-to-stiffness ratio of a structure of an active height of h = 12.0 m and
circular foundation with a radius of r = 6.0 m embedded at a depth of e = 1.0 m. The
corresponding values of coefficients related to the category of other structural systems’ “C t”
and “x” are 0.0488 and 0.75 respectively. The average effective shear wave velocity of the
site is 230 m/sec. Interpret the possibility of significance of SSI effect.
(07)
In its fundamental mode, a building has an effective height of 80 m, a natural period of 0.8 s,
a generalized weight of 15 MN, and a damping ratio of 2%. The building’s foundation is 10
m × 10 m in plan and rests over a deep deposit of soil with a shear wave velocity of 200 m/s,
a shear modulus of 18 MN/m2, a Poisson ratio of 0.50, and a specific loss factor of 0.8π.
Using the equivalent SDOF system method, determine the fundamental natural frequency and
damping ratio of the building when the soil flexibility is considered. (07)
The chimney height is 150m with raft diameter of 18m and area of shell 8.5m2 with moment
of inertia 92.5 m4. The chimney is located in zone IV. Find the design bending moment and
shear force for the chimney if it is supported on soil with shear wave velocity of 300 m/sec.
Take SSI effects (Time period, damping as well as embedment) into consideration with G max
and G reduced values. (10)
Take
Unit weight of soil (γ) = 20kN/m3
Poisson’s ratio (υ) = 0.45
Grade of concrete – M30
Econcrete = 3.12 x 108 kN/m2
The Kelvin-Voigt model for a viscoelastic material consists of a 'Hookean spring of
Young's modulus E and a Newtonian fluid dashpot of viscosity n. The total stress () is the
sum of spring and Odashpot, and strain is denoted by €. Ospring = EE my θεOdashpot = n
at (1) In a creep test, a strain εo is applied. At time t = 0, the stress is released (6= 0). Find
an expression for e(t). (ii) In a dynamic test, the storage modulus is 3 MPa and the loss
modulus is 4 MPa. Sketch the strain when stress o = 00 cos(ot) is applied, where 60 = 10
MPa. Label values of amplitude and phase.
