STAY HOME AND STAY SAFE
Dear Students ,
Kindly follow the given instructions:
1) In Biology ,read Chapter – Cell: The Unit Of Life from the pages uploaded on the e - care in
the Assignment section.
2) The written work has to be done in the separate Single lined inter leaf notebook of
Biology.
If you don't have the fair notebook , kindly do it in rough or pages left in your previous class
interleaf copy. You can use those pages as well but keep them in a folder so that it doesn't
get misplaced.
3) All HEADINGS and questions to be written in black .
4) ANSWERS to be written in BLUE.
5) LINES to be drawn with a black pen after every answer.
6) DO NOT mention the DATE and do not fill the index.
7) Please be neat in your work and diagrams if given has to be drawn with pencil along with
complete labelling.
8) Every NEW WORK .i.e exercises , must start from a new page.
9) Make proper use of ruler , pencil and colours wherever required.
10) Once the written work of Ch- Cell: The Unit Of Life is completed, please learn it nicely.
Regards
Mrs. Anubha Kumaria & Mrs. Shweta Pandey ( 9- A, B, C)
Class Work
Class - IX
Subject : Biology
Ch- Cell: The Unit Of Life
I. Define the following terms:
a) Cell: Cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of life i.e. all living beings.
b) Protoplasm: Protoplasm is defined as the total substance of a living cell, that is, the
cytoplasm and the nucleus.
c) Tonoplast: A single membranous covering surrounding the vacuole is called tonoplast.
d) Chromosome: Chromosomes are the structure present in the nucleus of a cell. It is made up
of DNA and protein ad carry hereditary information.
e) Genes: The functional unit of DNA carrying hereditary information is called genes.
II. Question and Answer
Q1. Why cell is called the structural and functional unit of life?
Ans 1. Cell is called the structural and functional unit of life because body of all organisms are
made up of cells. It is functional unit of life because all the functions of body like nutrition,
respiration, transportation, excretion, movement, growth etc. takes place in every cell.
Q2.What is cell theory? Who propounded it and when?
Ans 2. Matthias Schleiden (German Botanist) and Theodor Schwann in 1838-1839 propounded
Cell Theory which was expanded by Rudolf Virchow in 1858 saying that all cells arises from
pre-existing cells.
Major points of cell theory are-
1. The cell is the smallest unit of structure of all living things.
2. The cell is the unit of function of all living things.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Q3. What is the significance of cell or plasma membrane?
Ans 3. Cell membrane forms the outermost covering of animal cell. It’s semi-permeable or
selectively permeable nature allows the entry and exit of only certain substance across it.
Q4. Name the different types of plastids. Give one function of each type.
Ans 4. There are three types of plastids:
i) Leucoplasts-(Leuco : white) are colourless plastids.
Function: They store starch.
ii) Chromoplasts- These are variously coloured plastids.
Function: They are responsible for different colours of flowers and fruits.
iii) Chloroplasts- These are green coloured plastids.
Function: Chloroplasts trap the solar energy for photosynthesis.
Q5. What will happen to a cell if it’s nucleus is removed? Why?
Ans 5. Cell will die when it’s nucleus is removed because nucleus is the controlling centre of
the cell.
Note: Next exercise has to be done on a new page.
III. Differentiate between the following:
SNo. Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell
1. Primitive nucleus i.e. nucleus Complete or advanced nucleus i.e.
is not surrounded by nuclear nucleus is not surrounded by
membrane. nuclear membrane.
2. Smaller in size Larger in size
3. Single chromosome More than one chromosome
4. Small ribosomes Larger chromosomes
5. Membrane bound cell Membrane bound cell organelles
organelles such as such as mitochondria, E.R are
mitochondria, E.R are absent. present.
Example: Bacteria, Blue green Example: Euglena, Amoeba and all
algae (Cyanobacteria) plants and animals.
SNo. Plant Cell Animal Cell
1. Cell wall is present. Cell wall is absent.
2. Centrosome absent. Centrosome present.
3. Vacuoles are prominent, one Vacuoles, if any, are small and
central large vacuole is temporary.
present.
SNo Cell Wall Cell Membrane
.
1. Non- Living, rigid Living, flexible
2. Freely permeable Selectively permeable
3. Present only in plant cell. Present in both plant and animal
cell.
Note: Next exercise has to be started from a fresh page.
IV. Give reason for the following statements:
1. Cells are generally small in size.
This is because of the two reasons:
i) Small size of the cell makes the rapid communication between different regions of the
cell so that it can function effectively.
ii) Cells have large surface area/volume ratio for greater diffusion of substances such as
nutrients, respiratory gases, metabolic wastes etc. in and out of the cell.
2. Mitochondria is called “the power house of the cell”.
Mitochondria is site of cellular respiration (aerobic) which leads to energy generation in the
form of ATP. Therefore it is called the power house of the cell.
3. Lysosomes are called “suicide bags”.
When cell is old or injured, these rapidly destroy cell organelles and sometimes the
complete cell with the help of digestive enzymes present in it. Hence called “suicide bags.”
Note: Next exercise has to be started from a fresh page.
V. Given below is a figure of a cell
Q1. Is this a plant cell or animal cell?
Ans1. Animal Cell.
Q2. Label the parts A to L
Ans2. A- Mitochondria
B- Golgi bodies
C- Cytoplasm
D- Nucleolus
E- Nucleoplasm
F- Nuclear membrane
G- Plasma membrane
H- Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
I- Centriole
J- Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
K- Vacuole
L- Ribosome
Q3. Which of these parts perform protein synthesis?
Ans3. Ribosome, Nucleolus and Rough Endoplasmic reticulum.
Q4. Which of these parts help in spindle formation during cell division.
Ans4. Centrioles
Q5. What role does Golgi bodies play in a cell?
Ans5. It helps in synthesis and secretion of enzymes, hormones etc, in formation of lysosomes
and formation of acrosome of sperm.
VI. Given below is a figure of a cell.
Q1. Is this a plant cell or animal cell?
Ans1. Plant Cell.
Q2.Label the following parts in it. Nucleolus
a. Nucleolus
b. Plasma membrane Plasma membrane
c. Vacuole
d. Cytoplasm Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Q3. Name any two structures which are unique to this type of cell
only.
Ans3. Cell Wall and Chloroplast.
Q4. Which part helps in the exchange of materials in and out of the cell?
Ans4. Plasma membrane.
