Our research focuses on Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), OBJECTIVES
a global strategy where public and private sectors collaborate
on projects to achieve shared goals and overcome As outlined, this research evaluates Batangas City's PPPs
infrastructure gaps. In the Philippines, PPPs have evolved under Ordinance No. 3, assessing stakeholder profiles and
significantly through laws like the BOT Law and the new PPP awareness against its effectiveness, and examining broader
Code (RA 11966), aiming for stable, transparent, and community impacts and challenges.
sustainable partnerships.
Specifically, this study aims:
Our study will comprehensively analyze the practices,
modalities, and procedures of these PPPs in Batangas City MODALITIES
under the 2013 Ordinance. Specifically, we aim to evaluate
Lease agreements improve service delivery and ease
their socio-economic effects, ensure compliance with national
government financial strain by shifting operational risks to the
laws, and provide recommendations for better integration of
private sector while the public retains ownership. Studies such
the ordinance into local policy. Our evaluation will thoroughly
as JICA confirm their positive impact on reliability and
examine the ordinance's legal provisions and their actual
cost-effectiveness, particularly in urban water supply, though
implementation, identifying both benefits and shortcomings to
issues like tariff regulation and contract enforcement persist.
contribute to more effective PPPs for Batangas City's
Transparent procurement, stakeholder engagement, and
development.
stronger regulatory oversight are crucial to prevent monopolies
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY and ensure fair pricing.
This research analyzes the effectiveness and practices of Concession Agreements allow private entities to operate
PPPs in Batangas City under Ordinance No. 3, identifying public infrastructure (like toll roads or airports) and recover
challenges and evaluating private sector qualifications. Key costs via user fees. This attracts private investment for
beneficiaries include the Private Sectors, Batangas City LGU, long-term development, crucial for modernizing infrastructure
and Future Researchers. The study also aligns with UN-SDGs like the Philippine road network. However, balanced risk
#8, #9, #11, and #17 by promoting economic growth, allocation and strong contract management are essential to
infrastructure development, sustainable cities, and stronger ensure service quality and affordability, especially for longer
partnerships. concession terms.
Public-Private Partnerships at the Local Government FIGURE
Level in the Philippines
As seen in this figure, it represents our convergent parallel
As Navarro (2024) highlights, LGUs encounter several mixed methods design. It illustrates how we'll collect both
significant key challenges: qualitative and quantitative data concurrently, analyzing each
separately.
● Deviations from good practices: Local PPP ordinances
sometimes lack transparency and value for money, with The core of this design involves comparing and relating these
inconsistencies in risk sharing, procurement, and separate results. We'll then converge or merge the data to
oversight. comprehensively analyze the research problem, focusing on
● Lack of due diligence: Shortcuts in development and areas where findings align or diverge.
contract review lead to unidentified and unmitigated
risks, as seen in projects lacking Key Performance DATA COLLECTION METHOD
Indicators (KPIs).
● Poor contract management: Older PPP contracts often Following our mixed-methods design, data for this study will be
had weak oversight and unclear procedures for obtained through a combination of approaches for a
tracking performance, leading to inefficiencies. comprehensive analysis of Public-Private Partnerships in
● Unanticipated tariff regulation: Tariff schemes weren't Batangas City.
always set early enough, or lacked robust adjustment
Quantitative data will be collected via structured
mechanisms, causing financial strain, service
questionnaires and surveys. This allows for standardized data
interruptions, and higher consumer costs.
collection, identifying patterns and measurable trends, forming
RESEARCH DESIGN the basis for descriptive analysis.
Now, let's discuss our Research Design. Qualitative data will be generated through in-depth,
semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. The goal is
This study uses a mixed-methods, convergent parallel design, to gain comprehensive insight into participants' experiences
integrating qualitative and quantitative data for a and perspectives, particularly regarding challenges,
comprehensive understanding. We employ a descriptive awareness, and perceptions of the ordinance's
approach to analyze existing PPP conditions in Batangas City implementation.
under Ordinance No. 3, while a comparative method examines
stakeholder differences.
