Expressing
Expressing the
the future
future
Future simple (will)
Future “going to”
Present continuous for future
Present simple for future
Present
Present Simple
Simple for
for future
future
Use:
We talk about timetables and programmes. (The
subject of the sentence are things, NOT people!)
Example:
The bus to Prague leaves Liberec in 20 minutes.
The concert starts at 8 oʼclock this evening.
Our English lesson ends at half past two.
Present
Present Continuous
Continuous for
for future
future
Use:
Future arrangements (The subject of the sentence
are people, not things. Everything is already arranged.
It can be written in a diary.)
Example:
I cannot come to school tomorrow because I am
going to the dentist.
We are visiting our aunt on Saturday.
Future
Future “going
“going to”
to”
Form:
am / is /are + “going to” + basic form
Auxiliary verb: am / is / are
Example:
I am going to leave soon.
They arenʼt going to start driving.
Is she going to study Chinese next year?
Future
Future “going
“going to”
to”
Use:
1) Predictions based on a present fact (on what we can
see/hear/smell/touch now).
• Look at those black clouds. Itʼs going to rain soon.
• Sheʼs pregnant. Sheʼs going to have a baby next month.
2) Future plans and intensions
• Ann is in hospital, so Iʼm going to visit her tomorrow.
Future
Future simple
simple
Form: will (not) + basic form
Auxiliary verb: will = ʼll, will not = wonʼt, shall =
will (used with I or we)
Example: I will help you. He wonʼt help you.
Will you help me? Yes, I will. No, I
wonʼt. (= an impolite answer)
Will you help me? Yes, of course. No,
sorry, I can’t. (= a polite answer)
Future
Future simple
simple –– Use
Use (1)
(1)
1) Predictions based on an opinion
– Example: I donʼt think she will win the match.
I wonʼt probably come.
– with words: probably, perhaps, I expect, Iʼm (not) sure, I
(donʼt) think, I wonder, I believe, I am afraid, in my
opinion
2) Speculations (we are not sure something will happen): We
use modal verbs „might (not)“, „may (not)“ or „could“
instead of „will“.
– Example: She might not come to the party. 3D printers
could play an essential role in the future health care.
Future
Future simple
simple –– Use
Use (2)
(2)
3) Decisions made at the moment of speaking
(instant/immediate reactions to something)
– Iʼve left the door open. – Oh! Iʼll go and shut it.
4) Polite offers, promises and requests
– Iʼll help you with the heavy bag.
– I wonʼt tell anybody what has happened , I
promise. Will you shut the door, please?
Future
Future simple
simple –– Use
Use (3)
(3)
5) In the first conditional sentence (or the future time clause):
If/When st. happens, st. else will happen. OR
St. will happen if/when st. else happens
– If I find your keys, Iʼll tell you.
– She will invite him to the party when she meets him.
6) Very rarely: it expresses a future fact. (ONLY based on the
fact that time cannot be stopped)
– Example: Sheʼll be 50 in two weeks. It will be Monday
tomorrow.
