2 bZ

nxkg
çsepa n j fpr ; g d gkuhcky euksfoKku i j v kèkkfj r gS A; g d gkuhoa fpr cpi u d s
i fjfLFkfr; ka
si j ekfeZd <ax l sfVIi . khdjrhgSAvHkkoxzLr t hou cky eu dkso; Ld dhrjg l kps us
d sfy, et cw j d j r kgS
Agkfen f[ kykS usd ht xg v i uhnknhd sfy, fpeVk[ kj hn d j ykr kgS
vkjSnknhvehukdsfy, ; g n`'; xgjhl o ansukdhvfHkO;fDr dkdkj. kcur kgS Anknhdksyxrk
gS] d k' k! bl cPpsd ksHkhog l c d q N feyr k] t ksi M+
ksl d scPpsd ksfey r kgS
A
jet +
ku dsi w j srhl jkst +
ksadsckn v kt bZ n v kbZgS A xk¡o esafdruh gypy gS A
bZnxkg t kusdh rS ; kfj; k¡ gksjgh gS AyM+
a d sl cl sT+ ; knk çl Uu gS Amudh t scksaesadq
a csj dk
èku t ksHkjk gq v k gSAckj&ckj t sc l sv i uk [ k+ T+kkuk fudkydj fxursgS av kS
j [+
kq
' k gksd j
fi Q
j j[ k ysrsgS A egew
a n dsi kl ckjg i S l sgSA eksgfl u dsi kl i a
a æg i S
l sgS
A bul srks
a
v ufxur pht + sa[ kjhn l drsgS µf[ kykS
a us] feBkb; k¡] fcxq y ] xsan v kS
j u t kusD; k&D; kAv kS j
l cl sT+; knk çl Uu gSgkfenA og pkj&i k¡p l ky dk x+ j hc&l wj r] nq
cyk&i ryk yM+ d k]
ft l dk cki xr o"kZgS t sdh HkaV
s p<+x; k v kS j ek¡ u t kusD; ksai hyh gksrh&gksrh , d fnu
ej xbZ A v c gkfen v i uh cw <+
h nknh v ehuk dh xksn esal ksrk gS A
v Hkkfxu v ehuk v i uh dksBjh esacSBh jksjgh gSAv kt bZn dk fnu v kS
j ml ds?kj
esankuk ugha
! bl v a èkdkj v kS
j fujk' kk esaog Mw ch t k jgh FkhA
gkfen Hkhrj t kdj nknh l sdgrk gS µ^^rqe Mjuk ughav Eek] eS al cl si gys
v kšxkA fcYdq y u MjukA**
v ehuk dk fny dpksV jgk gS Axk¡o dscPpsv i us&v i uscki dsl kFk t k jgsgS A
a
gkfen dksdS l sv dsy sesy sesat kusnsAdgha[ kkst k, rksD; k gksxk\ uUgh&l h t ku! rhu
dksl pysxk dS l s! i S
j esaNkysi M+t k, ¡xsAt w
r sHkh rksughagS
Aog FkksM+
a h&FkksM+
h nw
j i j ml s
xkn
s ysysxh_ ysfdu ; gk¡ fl ob; k¡ dkS u i dk, xk\ èkksfcu] ukbu] es
grjkuh v kjS pw
fMg+kfju
l Hkh rksvk, x¡ hAl Hkh dksfl ob; k¡ pkfg, Al ky Hkj dk R;kg skj gS
A
xk¡o l sesy k pykAv kS
j cPpksadsl kFk gkfen Hkh t k jgk FkkAml dsi S
j ksadksrks
tS
l si j yx x, gS AdHkh&dHkh dksbZyM+
a d k dad M+h mBkdj v ke i j fu' kkuk yxkrk gS A
ekyh v anj l sxkyh nsrk gqv k fudyrk gSA yM+ d s[ kw
c g¡l jgsgSA
a
bZ
nxkg v k xbZAÅi j beyh ds?kuso`{kksadh Nk; kAuhpsi Ddk i Q ' kZgS
Ajkst s+
nkjksa
dh i a
fDr; k¡ , d dsi hNs, d nw j rd pyh xbZgS A ; gk¡ dksbZèku v kS
a j i n ughans[krkA
bLyke dh fuxkg esal c cjkcj gS A yk[ kksafl j , d l kFk fl t nsesa>q
a d t krsgS] fi Q
a j
l cds&l c , d l kFk [ kM+
sgkst krsgS] , d l kFk ?kq
a Vuksadscy cS Bst krsgSAdbZckj ; gh
a
fØ; k gksrh gS
]tSl sfct yh dh yk[ kksacfÙk; k¡ , d l kFk çnhIr gksav kS
j , d l kFk cq
> t k, ¡A

3
 uekTk+[ kRe gqbZ
Ayksx v ki l esaxysfey jgsgS A
a
rc feBkbZv kS j f[ kykSuksadh nq d kuksai j èkkok gksrk
gSArjg&rjg dsf[ kykS usga µfl i kgh] xq
S t fj; k] jkt k
v kSj odhy] fHk' rh] èkksfcu v kS j l kèkq A egew n
fl i kgh ysrk gS ] [+
kkdh onhZv kS j yky i xM+ h okyk]
da èksi j canwd j[ ksgq , A eksgfl u dksfHk' rh i l a n
v k; kAdej i j e' kd j[ ksAuw j dksodhy l sçse
gSA dkyk pksa xk] uhpsl Ý+ Qsn v pdu] , d gkFk esa
dkuw u dk i ksFkk fy, gq , A l c nks&nks i S l s ds
f[ kykSusgSA gkfen dsi kl dq
a y rhu i S l sgS ] brus
a
eg¡xsf[ kykS usog dS l sys\ dghagkFk l sNw V x; k]
rkspw j &pw
j gkst k, xk] i kuh i M+ k rksl kjk ja x èkq y
t k, xkA , slsf[ kykS
usysd j og D; k djsxk\
l c v i us&v i usf[ kykS
uka
sdh rkjhi Qdj jgsgS Agkfen yypkbZv k¡[ kksal sf[ kykS
a uksa
dksns[k jgk gS +
Apkgrk gSfd Tkjk nsj dsfy, gh l gh] og mUgsagkFk esaysl drkAog
gkFk v kxsc<+krk gSysfdu yMd + sbrusR;kxh ughagksrs] fo' ks"kdj t c v Hkh u; k ' kkS
d gS
A
gkfen yypkrk jg t krk gS A
feBkb; ksadh nqd kusav krh gS
Afdl h usjsofM+
a ; k¡yhgS
] fdl husxq
a y kc t kequ] fdl h
usl ksgu gyokAet sl s[ kk jgsgS Aysfdu gkfen! v Hkkxsdsi kl fl i Q
a Zrhu i Sl sgS
AD; ksa
a
ughadq N ysd j [ kkrk\
eksgfl u ml dh yypkbZut jsans[kdj dgrk gS µ^^gkfen] jsoM+
h ys[ kk] fdruh
[+k'qkcw
nkj gS A** t S
l sgh gkfen gkFk i Qy krk gS
S ] eksgfl u
jsoM+ h v i useq ¡g esaj[ k ysrk gS
Aegewn] uwj s] v kS
j l Eeh
[+kwc rkfy; k¡ ct k&ct kdj g¡l rs gS A gkfen f[ kfl ; k
a
t krk gS A
feBkbZdh nq d kuksadsckn yksgsdh pht + ksadh
nq
d kusagS
AyM+
a d ksadsfy, ; gk¡ dksbZv kd"kZ. k ughaFkkA
osl c v kxsc<+t krsgS A gkfen yksgsdh nq
a d ku i j
#d t krk gSAdbZfpeVsj[ ksgq , FksAml s[ +k; ky v k; k]
nknh dsi kl fpeVk ughagS Arosl sjksfV; k¡ mrkjrh gS ]
a
rksgkFk t y t krk gS] v xj og fpeVk yst kdj nknh
dks ns ns] rks os fdruh çl Uu gksa xh\ fi Q j mudh

4
m¡xfy; k¡ dHkh ughat ysa
xhA f[ kykS
usl sD; k i +
Q
k; nk! O;FkZesai S
l s[ +
kjkc gksrsgS
A
a
v Eek fpeVk ns[krsgh dgsa xhµ^esjk cPpk v Eek dsfy, fpeVk yk; k gS A* gt +
kjksa
nq
v k, ¡ nsa
xhA fi Qj i M+
ksl dh v kS
j rksadksfn[ kk, ¡xhA l kjsxk¡o esappkZgksusyxsxh] gkfen
fpeVk yk; k gS Afdruk v PNk yM+ d k gSAbu yksxksadsf[ kykS uksai j dkS
u nq
v k, ¡ nsxkAcM+ ksa
dh nq v k, ¡ l hèksv Yykg dsnjckj esai gq ¡prh gS av kS
j rqja
r lquh t krh gSA
a
nq
d kunkj l scM+ h eq
f' dy l seksy Hkko djdsgkfen usfpeVk rhu i S l ksaesays
fy; kAml sda èksi j j[ kk] ekukscanw
d gSv kS
j ' kku l sv dM+r k gq
v k l kfFk; ksadsi kl v k; kA
ekgsfl u usg¡l dj dgkµ^^; g fpeVk D; ka syk; k i xys\ bl l sD; k djsxk\ ** egew n ckys k]
^^fpeVk dkbsZf[ kyku Sk gS\ **
gkfen cksy k] ^^D; ksaugha\ v Hkh daèksi j j[ kk rksca
nwd gksxbZA gkFk esafy; k
i+
Qdhjksadk fpeVk gksx; kApkgw ¡ rksea
t hjsdk dke ysl drk gw ¡A, d fpeVk t ek nw
¡ rks
rq
e l cdsl kjsf[ kykSuksadh t ku fudy t k, Arq Egkjsf[ kykS
usesjsfpeVsdk cky Hkh ck¡d k
ughadj l drsA esjk cgknq j ' ksj gSµfpeVkA**
l Eeh us[ ka
t jh yh FkhAçHkkfor gksd j cksy kµ^^esjh [ ka t jh l scnyksxs\**
gkfen us[ kat jh dh v kjs mi s{kk l sns[kkµ^^esjk fpeVk pkgsrksrq Egkjh [ ka
t jh dk
i sV i Q
kM+MkysA** fpeVsusl Hkh dkseksfgr dj fy; kAv kS j ksausrhu&rhu] pkj&pkj i S l s[ +
kpZ
fd, ] i j dksbZdke dh pht +u ysl dsA gkfen usrhu i S l sesaja
x t ek fy; kA
l cusv i us&v i usf[ kykS
usnsd j fpeVk i dM+
usdk çLrko j[ kkAgkfen eku x; kA
fpeVk ckjh&ckjh l sl cdsgkFk esax; k v kS j mudsf[ kykS
usckjh&ckjh l sgkfen dsgkFk esa
v k, A fdrus[ +
kw
cl wj r f[ kykS
usgSA
a i j ml dk fpeVk rks#Lresfga n gS µl Hkh f[ kykS
uksadk
ckn' kkgA
xk¡o i gq
¡pdj cPpksausv i us&v i usf[ kykS
usl s[ ksy k] i j FksrksosfeV~Vh dsAdq N
gh nsj esaVwV&i QV x, Av c fe; k¡ gkfen dk gky l q
w fu, Av ehuk ml dh v kokT+ kl qursgh
nkS
M+
hAxkns esamBkdj I; kj djusyxhAl gl kml dsgkFk es afpeVk n[skdj og pkd a
Sh! ^^; g fpeVk
dgk¡l syk; k\**
^^eS
useksy fy; k gS
a A** ^^dSi S
l sesa
\ ** ^^rhu i S
l sfn, A**
v ehuk usNkrh i hV yhA; g dS l k csle> yM+ d k gS] u dq N [ kk; k u fi ; kAyk; k
D; k] fpeVkA ^^l kjsesy sesarq>sv kS
j dksbZpht u feyh] t ks; g yksgsdk fpeVk mBk
yk; k\ **
gkfen usv i jkèkh Hkko l sdgk] ^^rqEgkjh m¡xfy; k¡ rosl st y t krh Fkha
] bl fy,
eS
u
asbl sysfy; kA** cq
f<+; k dk Øksèk rq
ja
r Lusg esacny x; kA; g Lusg ew d Fkk] [ +kw
c Bksl]

5
jl v kS
j Lokn l sHkjk gqv kAcPpsesafdruk R;kx] fdruk l n~ Hkko v kSj
fdruk foosd gS ! nw
l jksadks f[ kykS
usysrs v kS
j feBkbZ[ kkrs ns[kdj
fdruk yypk; k gksxk eu! bruk t + Cr bl l sgqv k dS
l s! ogk¡ Hkh bl s
v i uh cq
f<+
; k nknh dh ; kn cuh jghAv ehuk dk eu xn~ xn~gksx; kA
v ehuk dh v k¡[ ksaHkj v kb±
Ankeu i Q y kdj gkfen dksnq
S v k, ¡
nsrh t krh Fkh v kS
j v k¡l q
v ksadh cM+
h&cM+
h cw
¡nsafxjkrh t krh FkhAgkfen
bl dk jgL; D; k l e>rkA
µ çsepa
n

' kCnkFkZ

v Hkkfxu & HkkX; ghu L=kh

xr & fi Nyk
fny d pksVuk & vi Q l ksl gksuk] eu esadl d gksuk] ?kcjkuk
bZnxkg & og LFkku t gk¡ bZ n dsfnu uekt +i <+h t krh gS
fl t ns & l Eeku esal j >q d kuk
fuxkg & nf̀"V] ut + j
çnhIr & t yk gq vk
e' kd & i ' kqdh [ kky l scuk FkS yk
fHk' r h & e' kd l si kuh Hkjusokyk
i ksFkk & eksVh fdrkc] dkW ih
mi s{kk & ut + jv ankt
foosd µ Hkys&cq j sdk Kku] l e>
t+ Cr & nck; k gq vk
xn~ xn~ & v R;Ur çl Uu
nkeu & v k¡py
Bksl & et + cwr

6
 ç' u&v H; kl
i kB l s
1- bZ
n dsfnu v ehuk D; ka smnkl Fkh \
2- gkfen feBkbZ; k f[ kykSusdscnysfpeVsdk p; u djrk gS A D; ksa\
3- esy k t kusl si gysgkfen nknh l sD; k dgrk gS\
4- esy sesafpeVk [ kjhnusl si gysgkfen dseu esadkS u&dkS
u l sfopkj v k; s\ o.kZ
u
dhft , A
5- gkfen usfpeVsdksfdu&fdu : i ksaesami ; ksx djusdh ckr dgh gS\
6- bZ
nxkg dgkuh v ki dksdS l h yxrh gS\ bl dh eq[ ; fo' ks"krk, ¡ crkb, A
7- fpeVk ns[kdj v ehuk dseu esadS l k Hkko t xk\

8- fuEufy f[ kr v uq
PNsn d ksi f<+
, v kS
j ml d sv kèkkj i j fn, x, ç' uksad s
mÙkj nhft ,
uekt +[ kRe gq bZAyksx v ki l esaxysfey jgsgS aArc feBkbZv kS j f[ kykS
us
dhnq d kuksai j èkkok gksrk gSArjg&rjg dsf[ kykS usgSµfl i kgh] xq
a t fj; k] jkt k v kS
j
odhy] fHk' rh] èkksfcu v kS j l kèkqAegew n fl i kgh ysrk gS] [+ kkdh onhZv kS j yky
i xM+h okyk] da èksi j canw
d j[ ksgq , Aeksgfl u dksfHk' rh i l a n v k; kAdej i j
e' kd j[ ksAuw j sdksodhy l sçse gSAdkyk pksa xk] uhpsl i Q sn v pdu] , d gkFk
esadkuw u dk i ksFkk fy, gq , Al c nks&nksi S l sdsf[ kykSusgS aAgkfen dsi kl dq y
rhu i Sl sgS] bruseg¡xsf[ kykS
a usog dS l sys\ dghagkFk l sNw V x; k] rkspw j &pwj
gkst k, xk] i kuhi M+ k rksl kjk ja
x èkqy t k, xkA, slsf[ kykSusysd j og D; k djsxk\

( d) uekt +[ kRe gku ssdsckn yksx D; k dj jgsFks\

([ k) nqd kuksaesafdl &fdl rjg dsf[ kykS usFks\
(x) osf[ kykS usfdl pht dscusFks\
(?k) egew n] eksgfl u v kS j uw j susdkS u&dkS
u l sf[ kykS
us[ kjhns\
(Ä) i fjPNsn esafl i kgh] fHk' rh v kS
j odhy dsgq fy; sdk o.kZu fd; k x; k gSA
bl h çdkj v ki jkt k v kS j l kèkqdsgqfy; sdk o.kZu dhft , A
(p) v uqPNsn esav k, fo' ks"k.k ' kCnksadksNk¡Vdj fyf[ k, A
(N) ^onhZ* v kSj ^i kF
skk* dsl ekukFkhZfyf[ k, A

7
i kB l sv kxs
1- egew n] eksgfl u] uw
j v kS
j gkfen esafdl dk pfj=k v PNk yxk\ dkj.k crkb, A
2- D; k gkfen cPpka sdh l kekU; Nfo l sv yx gVdj , d u; h Nfo çLrqr djrk gS
\
dSl s\
3- ^^pqukSr h cPpsdksi fji Do cuk nsrh gS A** bl mfDr dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A
4- ^R;ksgkj gekjst hou dsv fHkUu v a x gSA* bl dFku dh O;k[ ; k dhft , A
a
O;kd j . k
okD; esaç; ksx d hft , % µ
( d) jax t ekuk
([ k) xn~ xn~gksuk
(x) HksaV p<+ uk
(?k) cky ck¡d k u gku sk
(Ä) i Sj ksaesai j yxuk
(p) dq csj dk èku fey t kukA
xfr fofèk
1. esy sesav ki usD; k&D; k ns[kk] ml dk fp=k cukb, A
2. v i usf' k{kd l sjet +ku dsckjsesat kudkjh çkIr dhft , A
3. bZ
n v kSj eq gjZ
e esaD; k v a r j gS\ v i usf' k{kd l sl ef>, A
4. v ki d sv uq l kj fuEu i fj fLFkfr ; ksaesagkfen D; k d j r k\
&& ; fn ml dsi kl ckjg i sS l sgksrsA
&& ; fn ml dsi kl i a nzg i sS
l sgksrsA
&& ; fn ml dsl kFk ml dsfi rk gksrsA