Shanker Dev Campus

Putalisadak, Kathmandu
Faculty of Management
Tribhuvan University

Lab Report on Ms-Excel

Submitted To:
Department of BIM
Shanker Dev Campus

Submitted By:
Name: Swostika Shrestha
Semester: First Section:
A
Roll no:31(61)
Batch:2080
Date: 2080/12/4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my Faculty of Management and supervisior,
Mr. Gopi Prajapati, for their unwavering support and guidance throughout the duration of this
project. Their expertise, encouragement, and mentorship have played a crucial role in shaping
the report’s direction and ensuring its successful completion. I am also thankful to my fellow
classmates who have actively contributed to the report with their valuable insights and
collaborative effort. With warm regards,
Swostika Shrestha

TABLE OF CONTENT
1. Acknowledgement ……………………………….....I
2. Introduction to the project ………………………….1
3. Objectives of the project ………………………........2
4. Introduction to MS-EXCEL.............……………….. 3-4
 6. Lab Work ............................................................... 6-8
7. Appendix ....................................................................9
 Introduction to MS-EXCEL
Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet software developed by Microsoft,
widely used for data organization, analysis, and visualization. Launched in 1985,
it has become a cornerstone tool in various industries, from finance to education.
Excel's intuitive interface allows users to create complex formulas, charts, and
graphs to analyze data efficiently. Its grid layout enables users to input data into
cells and manipulate it effortlessly, offering functionalities for calculations,
sorting, filtering, and formatting. With its extensive range of features, Excel
facilitates tasks such as budgeting, forecasting, and statistical analysis, making it
indispensable for professionals seeking data-driven insights.
Excel revolutionized data management by providing a user-friendly platform for
spreadsheet manipulation. Its versatility extends from basic arithmetic
calculations to complex data modeling, catering to diverse user needs. Whether
for personal budgeting or corporate financial analysis, Excel's customizable
features empower users to tailor spreadsheets to specific requirements. The
software's extensive formula library includes mathematical, statistical, and logical
functions, enabling users to perform intricate calculations with ease. Additionally,
Excel's pivot tables offer dynamic data summarization and visualization,
facilitating decision-making processes. As businesses increasingly rely on
datadriven strategies, Excel remains an essential tool for organizing, analyzing,
and presenting information effectively.
The given image represents how an Excel spreadsheet looks like:
How to open MS Excel?

To open MS Excel on your computer, follow the steps given below:

• Click on Start
• Then All Programs
• Next step is to click on MS Office
• Then finally, choose the MS-Excel option

Alternatively, you can also click on the Start button and type MS Excel in the search option
available.

What is a cell?

A spreadsheet is in the form of a table comprising rows and columns. The rectangular box at
the intersection point between rows and columns forms a cell. Given below is an image of a
cell:

What is Cell Address?

The cell address is the name by which is cell can be addressed. For example, if row 7 is

interested in column G, then the cell address is G7.

Features of MS Excel
Various editing and formatting can be done on an Excel spreadsheet. Discussed below are the
various features of MS Excel.
The image below shows the composition of features in MS Excel:

• Home
• Comprises options like font size, font styles, font colour, background colour,
alignment, formatting options and styles, insertion and deletion of cells and
editing options

• Insert
• Comprises options like table format and style, inserting images and figures,
adding graphs, charts and sparklines, header and footer option, equation and
symbols

• Page Layout
• Themes, orientation and page setup options are available under the page layout
option

• Formulas
• Since tables with a large amount of data can be created in MS excel, under this
feature, you can add formulas to your table and get quicker solutions
• Data
• Adding external data (from the web), filtering options and data tools are
available under this category

• Review
• Proofreading can be done for an excel sheet (like spell check) in the review
category and a reader can add comments in this part

• View
• Different views in which we want the spreadsheet to be displayed can be
edited here. Options to zoom in and out and pane arrangement are available
under this category
Benefits of Using MS Excel
MS Excel is widely used for various purposes because the data is easy to save, and
information can be added and removed without any discomfort and less hard work.

Given below are a few important benefits of using MS Excel:

• Easy To Store Data: Since there is no limit to the amount of information that can be
saved in a spreadsheet, MS Excel is widely used to save data or to analyse data.
Filtering information in Excel is easy and convenient.
• Easy To Recover Data: If the information is written on a piece of paper, finding it
may take longer, however, this is not the case with excel spreadsheets. Finding and
recovering data is easy.
• Application of Mathematical Formulas: Doing calculations has become easier and
less time-taking with the formulas option in MS excel
• More Secure: These spreadsheets can be password secured in a laptop or personal
computer and the probability of losing them is way lesser in comparison to data
written in registers or piece of paper.
• Data at One Place: Earlier, data was to be kept in different files and registers when
the paperwork was done. Now, this has become convenient as more than one
worksheet can be added in a single MS Excel file.
• Neater and Clearer Visibility of Information: When the data is saved in the form of
a table, analysing it becomes easier. Thus, information is a spreadsheet that is more
readable and understandable.

OBJECTIVES
Microsoft Excel serves a wide range of purposes and is widely used across various domains.
Here are some common uses:

Data Entry: Excel is a go-to tool for entering and organizing data. Whether it’s creating a
simple list or inputting survey results, Excel’s grid format makes data entry efficient.
Data Management: Excel allows you to manage and manipulate data effectively. You can
sort, filter, and organize information in spreadsheets, making it easier to work with large
datasets.
Accounting: Accountants and financial professionals rely on Excel for budgeting, expense
tracking, and financial analysis. It’s a powerful tool for managing financial records.
 Financial Analysis: Excel’s formulas, functions, and pivot tables enable detailed financial
analysis. You can calculate profitability, create cash flow projections, and analyze
investment scenarios.
Creating Pivot Tables: Pivot tables allow you to summarize and analyze data from large
datasets. They’re essential for generating insights and visualizing trends.
Creating Macros: Excel supports macros (VBA), which automate repetitive tasks. You can
create custom functions, automate calculations, and enhance productivity.

Data Visualization: Excel’s charting tools help create visual representations of data. Whether
it’s bar charts, line graphs, or pie charts, visualizations aid decision-making.
Project Management: Excel is used for project planning, tracking milestones, and managing
timelines. Gantt charts and project schedules are commonly created in Excel.
Inventory Management: Businesses use Excel to track inventory levels, reorder points, and
stock movement. It’s a valuable tool for supply chain management.
Statistical Analysis: Researchers and analysts perform statistical calculations using Excel.
Regression analysis, t-tests, and ANOVA can be done within spreadsheets.
Creating Budgets: Individuals and organizations create budgets in Excel. It helps allocate
resources, track expenses, and plan for the future.
Human Resources: HR professionals use Excel for employee records, payroll calculations,
and performance tracking. It simplifies HR processes.

LAB WORKS
1.Prepare a mark ledger of 12 students having the fields name,marks obtained in
any five subjects percentage,result and rank also highlight top 3 students and failed
students.
FORMULAE:-
TOTAL:=SUM(C3:G3)
PERCENTAGE:=H3/5
RESULTS: =IF(AND(C3>=40,D3>=40,E3>=40,F3>=40,G3>=40),"PASS","FAIL") RANK:
=RANK(I3,$I$3:$I$14,0)

2.Conditional formatting
3.Evaluate final grade such that first and second term contributes 25% each and
third term contributes 50%.

FORMULAE:-
Final grade: =(C3/4+D3/4+E3/2)

4. Pie-Chart

Data Validation:
Introduction
Data validation in MS Excel serves as a vital mechanism for ensuring the integrity and
accuracy of data within spreadsheets. By setting up validation rules, users can exercise
control over the type and format of data entered into specific cells, thereby minimizing
errors and enhancing overall data quality. Excel's data validation feature offers a range
of options, from restricting input to predefined lists or ranges to setting criteria for
numerical or text entries. This functionality empowers users to enforce consistency and
validity across their data, reducing the likelihood of errors and facilitating more reliable
analysis and decision-making processes. Whether managing large datasets or creating
complex financial models, leveraging Excel's data validation capabilities is fundamental
to maintaining data integrity and optimizing productivity.

Application
• To ensure that the numbers aren’t written in the name section and incase of it being
written informing the user and rewrite the required ones

9
• To choose age between certain age gap and shows error if the certaion criteria is not met

• To choose a required data from various options through the usage of data validation
which uses source

10
• To restrict the user to type contact number more or less than 10 digits
 CONCLUSION
The lab report has highlighted the use of MS-EXCEL through different techniques along with
its benefits.It has along with its different techniques has shown how MS-EXCELis important
in various sectors.
FORM

Introduction
Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet software developed by Microsoft,
widely used for data organization, analysis, and visualization. Launched in 1985,
it has become a cornerstone tool in various industries, from finance to education.
Excel's intuitive interface allows users to create complex formulas, charts, and
graphs to analyze data efficiently. Its grid layout enables users to input data into
cells and manipulate it effortlessly, offering functionalities for calculations,
sorting, filtering, and formatting. With its extensive range of features, Excel
facilitates tasks such as budgeting, forecasting, and statistical analysis, making it
indispensable for professionals seeking data-driven insights.
Excel revolutionized data management by providing a user-friendly platform for
spreadsheet manipulation. Its versatility extends from basic arithmetic
calculations to complex data modeling, catering to diverse user needs. Whether
for personal budgeting or corporate financial analysis, Excel's customizable
features empower users to tailor spreadsheets to specific requirements. The
software's extensive formula library includes mathematical, statistical, and logical
functions, enabling users to perform intricate calculations with ease. Additionally,
Excel's pivot tables offer dynamic data summarization and visualization,
facilitating decision-making processes. As businesses increasingly rely on
datadriven strategies, Excel remains an essential tool for organizing, analyzing,
and presenting information effectively.