1
5
1 A train of mass 5.6 × 10 kg is at rest in a station.
At time t = 0 s, a resultant force acts on the train and it starts to accelerate forwards.
The graph is the distance-time graph for the train for the first 120 s.
(a) (i) Use the distance-time graph to determine the average speed of the train during the
120 s.
average speed = .............................................. [1]
(ii) Use the distance-time graph to determine the speed of the train at time t = 100 s.
speed = .............................................. [2]
2
(iii) Describe how the acceleration of the train at time t = 100 s differs from the acceleration
at time t = 20 s.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [2]
2
(b) (i) The initial acceleration of the train is 0.75 m / s .
Calculate the resultant force that acts on the train at this time.
resultant force = .............................................. [2]
(ii) At time t = 120 s, the train begins to decelerate.
State what is meant by deceleration.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [1]
[Total: 8]
2 A student determines the speed of three cars on a straight road.
The student measured the time for the cars to travel 50 m.
3
(a) The table shows the measurements.
car distance travelled / m time taken / s
A 50 3.2
B 50 4.0
C 50 3.6
(i) Without calculation, identify the fastest car and the slowest car.
Complete the table.
car
the fastest car
the slowest car
[2]
(ii) Calculate the speed of car B.
speed = ............................................................. m / s [3]
(b) (i) Estimate the time, in minutes, for car C to travel 5000 m.
estimated time = ............................ minutes [2]
(ii) Explain why your answer in (b)(i) may not be the same as the actual time taken for the
car to travel 5000 m.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [1]
[Total: 8]
4
3 A woman drives a car from town A to town B. She stops at a garage during her journey.
The distance-time graph for the journey is shown on the graph.
(a) (i) Determine the total time for the whole journey.
time = ................................................. h [1]
(ii) Determine the time for which the car is not moving.
time = ................................................. h [1]
(iii) Determine the distance between town A and town B.
distance = ........................................ km [1]
(iv) Calculate the average speed of the car between 0 and 0.75 h.
average speed = ..........................km / h [3]
(b) The speed of the car before stopping at the garage is different from its speed after stopping
at the garage.
Describe this difference in speed and explain how the graph shows it.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 8]
5
4 The speed-time graph shows a ship starting to move.
(a) Describe the motion of the ship during each section of the graph.
A .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
B .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
C .......................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
D .......................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [4]
(b) Determine the distance travelled by the ship in section B of the graph.
distance = ............................................... m [3]
[Total: 7]
6
5 The diagram shows the speed-time graph for the motion of a car.
The mass of the car is 1200 kg.
(a) Calculate, for the first 20 s of the motion,
(i) the distance travelled by the car,
distance = ........................................................... [2]
(ii) the acceleration of the car,
acceleration = ..................................................... [2]
(iii) the resultant force acting on the car.
resultant force = .................................................. [2]
7
(b) Describe the motion of the car in the period of time from 25 s to 40 s.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 7]
6 The diagram is the speed-time graph for an ice skater.
(a) Explain what is meant by deceleration.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
8
(b) Use the graph to determine
(i) the distance travelled between times t = 3.0 s and t = 6.0 s,
distance = .............................................. [2]
(ii) the deceleration between times t = 3.0 s and t = 6.0 s.
deceleration = ........................................ [2]
(c) (i) State what happens to the size of the deceleration after t = 6.0 s.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) State what happens to the resultant force on the skater after time t = 6.0 s.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................ [1]
[Total: 7]
9
7 The figure is the speed-time graph for the motion of a bus along a road.
10
9
speed
m/s
8
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
time / s
(a) Calculate the distance travelled by the bus in the first 40 s.
distance = ........................... m [3]
(b) The distance travelled between 40 s and 80 s is 315 m.
Calculate the average speed of the bus during the whole 80 s.
average speed = ........................... m / s [4]
10
[Total: 7]
11
8 A skydiver jumps from an aeroplane. She falls freely with her parachute closed; then she opens
her parachute.
Diagram A shows the skydiver falling freely with her parachute closed.
Diagram B shows the skydiver falling with the parachute open.
Diagram A Diagram B
The graph shows the speed-time graph for the skydiver ' s vertical motion, from leaving the aeroplane
to landing on the ground.
60
vertical
speed
m/s
B C
50
40
30
20
10
D E
A
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
time / s
12
Using the information from the graph:
(a) Describe the vertical motion of the skydiver between time = 0 and time = 20 s.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Determine the maximum vertical speed of the skydiver.
maximum speed = ............................................. m / s [1]
(c) Determine the point, A, B, C, D or E, at which the skydiver opens her parachute.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) Determine the distance the skydiver falls between time = 50 s and time = 80 s.
distance = ................................................ m [3]
[Total: 6]
5
9 An aeroplane of mass 2.5 × 10 kg lands with a speed of 62 m / s, on a horizontal runway
at time t = 0. The aeroplane decelerates uniformly as it travels along the runway in a straight line
until it reaches a speed of 6.0 m / s at t = 35 s.
(a) Calculate the deceleration of the aeroplane in the 35 s after it lands.
deceleration = .............................................. [2]
(b) Calculate the resultant force acting on the aeroplane as it decelerates.
force = .............................................. [2]
(c) Calculate the momentum of the aeroplane when its speed is 6.0 m / s.
momentum = .............................................. [2]
13
[Total: 6]
10 The diagram shows two speed–time graphs, A and B, and two distance–time graphs, C and D.
Describe the motion shown by:
(a) graph A
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) graph B
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) graph C
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) graph D.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 6]
14
11 A rocket is launched vertically upwards from the ground. The rocket travels with uniform acceleration
from rest. After 8.0 s, the speed of the rocket is 120 m / s.
(a) On the grid, draw the graph for the motion of the rocket in the first 8.0 s. [1]
(b) Use the graph to determine the height of the rocket at 8.0 s.
height = .............................................. [2]
(c) From time = 8.0 s to time = 20.0 s, the rocket rises with increasing speed but with decreasing
acceleration.
From time = 20.0 s to time = 25.0 s, the rocket has a constant speed of less than 200 m / s.
On the grid, draw the graph for this motion. [3]
[Total: 6]
15
12 Three racing cars, A, B and C, all accelerate steadily and then continue at a constant speed. The
graph gives information about the movement of car A and car B at the start of the race.
(a) State the maximum speed of car A.
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Calculate the distance travelled by car B when accelerating.
distance = ........................................................... m [3]
(c) Car C has a greater acceleration than car A, but it reaches a lower constant speed than
car B.
On the graph, draw a line to show the movement of car C.
[2]
[Total: 6]
16
2
13 A car accelerates uniformly from rest at 2.2 m / s for 3.0 s.
(a) Calculate the speed of the car at time t = 3.0 s.
speed = ....................................................... [2]
(b) At time t = 3.0 s, it has travelled a distance of 9.9 m.
Calculate the average speed of the car during the first 3.0 s of the journey.
speed = ........................................................ [1]
(c) On the diagram, sketch a distance-time graph for the first 3.0 s of the journey.
[3]
[Total: 6]
17
14 A person on roller skates makes a journey. The diagram shows the speed-time graph for the journey.
(a) The graph shows three types of motion.
Complete the table to show when each type of motion occurs. Use the letters shown on the
diagram. Add a letter to each of the blank spaces.
The first row is done for you.
motion start of motion end of motion
acceleration W X
deceleration
constant speed
[2]
(b) Calculate the distance travelled between 60 s and 100 s.
distance = .............................................. m [3]
(c) The size of the acceleration is greater than the deceleration.
Describe how the speed-time graph shows this.
...........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 6]
18
15 The graph is a speed–time graph of a person on a journey.
On the journey, he walks and then waits for a bus. He then travels by bus. He gets off the bus and
waits for two minutes. He then walks again. His journey takes 74 minutes.
(a) For the whole journey calculate the distance travelled.
distance = .............................................. [3]
(b) For the whole journey calculate the average speed.
average speed = .............................................. [2]
[Total: 5]
