Solved Exercises On Heat Transfer Mechanisms
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ScribdTranslationsSolved Exercises On Heat Transfer Mechanisms
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ScribdTranslationsHeat Transfer - Unit I Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Solved Exercises Heat Transfer Mechanism
A cylindrical resistor element on a circuit board dissipates 0.8
With power. The resistor is 1.5 cm long and has a diameter of
0.4 cm. Assuming that heat will be transferred evenly
from all surfaces, determine a) the amount of heat that
this resistor dissipates over a period of 24 hours, b) the flow of
heat, and c) the fraction of heat dissipated from the lower surfaces
and superior.
Step 1. Determination of the amount of heat that this resistor
dissipates over a period of 24 hours.
The heat rate equation is applied as a function of the variation of
time like this:
̇
Step 2. The heat flow on the surface of the resistor is:
The equation of the cross-sectional area is applied to the
surface of the cylinder to know what the area of influence is
of the heat flow:
The heat flow is calculated by the relationship of the heat dissipation rate and
surface area as follows:
̇
̇
Step 3. Assuming that the heat transfer coefficient
in uniform media, heat transfer is proportional to the area of the
surface. So the fraction of heat dissipated from the surfaces
the superior and inferior of the resistance becomes:
Prepared by: Prof. Eng. Diego Rojas
Heat Transfer - Unit I Heat Transfer Mechanisms
The heat transfer from the upper and lower surfaces is
small in relation to the one transferred from the lateral surface already
that this is 11.76%
A 15 cm diameter aluminum ball is going to be heated from
80°C up to an average temperature of 200°C. Taking the
density and average specific heat of aluminum in this range
of temperatures like ρ = 2.700 kg/m3y Cp = 0.90 kJ/kg*°C,
determine the amount of energy that needs to be transferred to the
ball.
Step 1. It is assumed that the properties of the aluminum ball are
constants and their average density and specific heat at pressure
constant is provided in the initial statement
highlight that the amount of energy added to the ball is
simply the change in its internal energy and is determined by
starting from:
( )
Step 2. The mass is calculated as follows based on the
volume of the sphere:
Converts from cm to m
It is substituted in the previous equation
( ) ( )
Step 3. The obtained values are substituted into the energy equation.
transferred
( )
Therefore, it is necessary to transfer 515 kJ of energy (heat or
work, such as electrical energy) to the aluminum ball for
heat it to 200 °C
3. Consider a 150 W incandescent lamp. The filament of the
The lamp is 5 cm long and the diameter is 0.5 mm.
the diameter of the glass bulb of the lamp is 8 cm. Determine the
Prepared by: Prof. Eng. Diego Rojas
Heat Transfer - Unit I Heat Transfer Mechanisms
heat flux, in W/m2a) on the surface of the filament and b)
on the surface of the glass bulb, and c) calculate how much it will cost
per year keep that lamp on for 8 hours a day,
every day, if the unit cost of electricity is 0.08
dollar/kWh.
Step 1. The transfer of heat from the surface of the filament and
the bulb of the lamp is uniform. Now, the area of the
heat transfer surface and the heat flow in the
the surface of the filament is:
It converts from cm to m
The area of the filament is calculated:
( )( )
Then, the heat transfer surface area of the filament
es:
̇
̇
Step 2. The heat flow on the surface of the glass bulb is:
The surface area of the glass bulb is:
( )
Then, the heat transfer surface area of the bulb of
glass is:
Prepared by: Prof. Eng. Diego Rojas
Heat Transfer - Unit I Heat Transfer Mechanisms
Step 3. The quantity and cost of the electrical energy consumed
during a period of one year is:
It transforms from W to kW
The average consumption is calculated over a year and then the total cost is calculated.
the course of that year
( )
( )
4. The two surfaces of a plate 2 cm thick are maintained
at 80°C and 0°C, respectively. If it is determined that heat is
transfers through the plate at a rate of 500 W/m2determine
its thermal conductivity.
It is noted that stable operating conditions already exist.
that the surface temperatures of the plate remain
constants in the specified values furthermore, the transfer
Heat transfer through the plate is unidimensional and the properties
The thermal properties of the plate are constant. For its part, the conductivity
thermal is determined directly from the relationship of
one-dimensional stable heat conduction solved as a function
of thermal conductivity as follows:
̇
( )
( )
It converts from cm to m
Prepared by: Prof. Ing. Diego Rojas
Heat Transfer - Unit I Heat Transfer Mechanisms
It is replaced as follows:
( )
5. In power plants, pipes that are very common
they transport superheated steam. This steam flows at a rate of
0.3 kg/s inside a pipe with a diameter of 5 cm and length
of 10 m. The pipe is installed in a power plant at 20°C and
has a uniform surface temperature of 100°C. If the
temperature drop between the inlet and outlet of the pipe is
at 30°C, and the specific heat of steam is 2,190 J/kg · K,
determine the heat transfer coefficient by convection
between the surface of the pipe and the surroundings.
Step 1. It is known that there are operating conditions
established also, the heat transfer is not considered by
radiation and the heat loss rate of the steam in the pipe is
equal to the heat transfer rate by convection between the
surface of the pipe and the surroundings. Then the area is calculated of
surface of the pipe as follows:
It converts from cm to m
( )( )
Step 2. The heat loss rate of the steam in the pipe can
to be determined from:
̇ ̇ ( )
It transforms from J/s to W
Step 3. Assuming that the heat loss rate of the steam in the
pipe is equal to the heat transfer rate by convection,
the heat transfer coefficient can be determined
using Newton's Law of Cooling:
Prepared by: Prof. Ing. Diego Rojas
Heat Transfer - Unit I Heat Transfer Mechanisms
̇ ̇ ( )
Reordering, it is determined that the transfer coefficient of
heat is:
̇
( )
( )
6. The interior and exterior surfaces of a brick wall measuring 4 m x 7
m, with a thickness of 30 cm and thermal conductivity of 0.69 W/m*K,
they are maintained at temperatures of 26°C and 8°C, respectively.
Determine the rate of heat transfer through the wall,
in W.
It is said that stable operating conditions already exist.
that the wall surface temperatures remain
constants in the specified values and thermal properties
from the wall are constant.
It converts from cm to m
It is transformed from W/m*K to W/m*ºC
Under stable conditions, the heat transfer rate through
from the wall is:
̇
( )
̇ ( ( ) )
