ACTIVITIES FOR IMPROVING SPEED, MUSCLE STRENGTH,

MUSCLULAR ENDURANCE AND MUSCLULAR POWER.

Define:
COORDINATION: Coordination is a complementary physical ability that allows for
Athlete performing ordered movements directed towards achieving a technical gesture. It is
to say, coordination complements basic physical abilities to make of the
movements, sports gestures. The following types of coordination can be highlighted
relatively independent of each other:
1.- Ability to assess and regulate the dynamic and space-time parameters of the
movements.
2.- Ability to maintain a position (balance).
3.- Sense of rhythm.
4.- Ability to voluntarily relax the muscles.
5.- Coordination of movements. All types of coordination listed are not
they manifest in the face of physical activity, instatepure, but in complex interaction.

TRAINING RESISTANCE: It is to challenge, gradually and progressively, the muscular system.

skeletal so that it gains more strength. Perform a resistance training in a
Regular exercise not only strengthens and tones the muscles, but also helps to strengthen the ...
bones. Resistance training should not be confused with weight lifting, the
powerlifting or bodybuilding, which are competitive sports.
TRAINING SPEED: It is the application of maximum force in a minimum period of time.
time allows us to continue without having to slow down or stop because of the
fatigue.
-TRAINING FLEXIBILITY: These are exercises for range of motion or simply,
stretching, maintain the elasticity of the muscles and the freedom of movement of the
joints. Flexibility exercises should provide a sensation of 'tension with
comfort. You should only feel the stretch, never pain.

-TRAINING STRENGTH: It is the gradual increase of the load to which one is subjected
organism during physical training. The tolerance to this progressive increase in load
it is a key aspect that those responsible for the program must take into account
work.

-ATHLETICS - HISTORY

Athletics is the 'king sport' of the Olympic Games and the one that best exemplifies the
maximum "faster, higher, stronger". Athlos in Greek means
fight, combat. And that is the word from which the word Athletics comes, a sport where
The aim is to outpace the opponent in speed, endurance, strength, or height.
Athletics is a sport that encompasses numerous disciplines grouped into races, jumps,
throws, combined tests, and march. It is the art of surpassing performance of the
adversaries in speed or in endurance, in distance or at great heights. It is considered the
the oldest sport on the planet. In fact, evidence was found in ancient Egypt.
written references to races. And in Crete, not only were races practiced but also
they organized discus and javelin throwing competitions. In any case, the first ones
The proper sporting competitions recorded as such were the Greek Agones that were
they disputed from the 8th century BC and where Athletics was a fundamental part.

TheAncient Olympic Gamesmany of these sporting events overshadowed that

they contested in Greece, but they also served to develop Athletics including in
he launches and jumps. It can be said that the true history of Athletics, such
as we know it, it began between the 7th and 12th centuries in Ireland. There, it starts to emerge,
to organize and root other tests that were not performed by the Greeks, such as
the pole vault or cross-country running. From the 12th century in England, it was already
practices athletics regularly. Special areas are even created
dedicated to it. Footrace challenges are also becoming increasingly common.
through the streets of the city.

In 1365, a law was enacted prohibiting the practice of sports for military reasons, but
it is so entrenched that the law is repeatedly disobeyed. In 1510 it is repealed and in
That same century, the Cotswold Games are held, a kind of sports festival.
inspired by the ancient Greek Olympic Games.

All of this makes the sports competitions of running, jumping and

launches evolve in the United Kingdom until the 17th century when Puritanism attempts
abolish them. To this, King James I responds by recommending their practice and publishing the 'Book of the
Sports» to promote it.

Thus, we arrive at the 19th century, when the first minimum criteria for practice were established.
foot races. In 1864, the first athletic meetings also began to be held.
hand of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.

In 1866, the first national meeting was held in London, and two years later the first one in
covered track, which was held in the USA where the first Athletics club was founded. All these
events greatly increased interest in this sport both in Europe and
in America.

But the great moment of this sport came in 1896 when the first Games were held.
Modern Olympics where he took center stage. Since that moment he did nothing but
In 1912, there were two great revolutions in the history of athletics. On one hand, in the
Stockholm Games started timing the races. On the other hand, 17 countries founded the
International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF in its English acronym). Nowadays it is
composed of more than 200.
1.- TRACK TESTS: Track tests are different activities that are part of
of athletics. This sport is one of the oldest and most practiced throughout history,
consisting of different competitions in which jumps are performed,
launching of various objects and, of course, races over various distances.
Track tests are named this way because they are usually carried out on a track,
normally an oval-shaped circuit, comprised of two parallel straight lines that join together at
the ends with two curves. The dimensions of the track vary depending on the type of
competitions that will take place.

The most important types of track tests:

Running races

Foot races are athletic competitions aimed at determining who is the

a competitor who manages to cover a distance walking or running in the shortest time
possible. Within foot races, the following six can be differentiated:

Sprint race

In these competitions, one must cover between 100 and 400 meters in the shortest time possible.
possible, depending on the distance agreed upon in the competition itself. Normally, the
the distance traveled is done in a straight line, on level ground and without obstacles,
especially if it is a relatively small distance like 100 meters.

In longer distances, it is more common to use the entire track, going through the curves of the circuit.

2. Long-distance and middle-distance races

Middle-distance races must be run between 800 and 3,000 meters, while
In the background, the distances exceed 3 kilometers. In this type of race, endurance
it takes on a much more important role than speed.

3. Road Races

Unlike the previous ones, which are carried out within the traditional circuit of athletics, the
road races are characterized by taking place outside the stadium, in locations such as roads or
The most characteristic example of this are marathons.

4. Cross country races

This type of competition is basically a long-distance race but takes place in open spaces.
various, usually in the field itself.

5. Hurdle race

It is a race with obstacles along the way. It is inspired by equestrianism, in which the
the horse has to jump fences, only in this case it is the participants themselves who do them
they have to jump.

6. Relay race

Groups consisting of four competitors usually participate, who must travel

a distance in the shortest time possible covering each of them part of the route.

Each participant must pass a wooden stick, called a token, to the next.
object with which the race must be conducted.

Athletic march

Race walking has its origins in Great Britain. It consists of moving forward,
walking, a distance of between 20 and 50 kilometers. Participants must walk from
the fastest way they can, and always having one foot in contact with the ground.

Jumps

There are many competitions with jumps, depending on whether there is or is not an object with which to
help each other to jump and also the height to overcome.

-1. Pole vault: It is a very old competition, dating back to Classical Greece.
although it has undergone modifications over time. It consists of passing over a
crossbar without dropping it, using a pole as help to make the jump.

-2. Long jump: The long jump consists of jumping from as close as possible to a
departure board, after having completed a race to gain momentum.

-3. High jump: Similar to pole vaulting, only without the pole. It consists of jumping over a
horizontal bar without knocking it down when passing over it.
 Triple jump: As its name indicates, it consists of making three jumps after
gain momentum from the starting block. The one who has achieved this wins.
to move more meters.

Releases

The launches consist, basically, of throwing several objects as far as possible.

These can be a heavy ball, a javelin, a discus, or even a hammer, which is a ball.
tied to a rope.

2.- FIELD EVENTS: In athletics, field events are all those in which the...
that races, also known as competitions, are not held, are divided into two main
groups, the jumpers and the throwers.

Jump tests are further divided into:

High jump: The goal is to jump without making contact with a horizontal bar (pole).

Pole vault: In this event, the athlete must jump over a bar set at about 4 or 5 meters.
in height with the help of a pole.

Long jump: In this event, the athlete runs down a track and upon reaching a line, jumps.
trying to cover the greatest distance possible.

Triple jump: The goal is to cover the longest distance possible in a series of 3 jumps.
intertwined.

The launch tests are divided into:

Bullet propulsion: The goal is to propel a solid metal ball through the air at the greatest
possible distance.

Disc throwing: In this event, the athlete throws a metal disc trying to make it land.
as far away as possible.

Hammer throw: The objective is to throw a metal ball as far as possible.

it is connected to a wire that is the place where the athlete holds said instrument.

Javelin throw: This event consists of throwing a javelin across

from the air, in order to make it travel the longest distance possible.
*3.- COMBINED EVENTS: are athletic competitions that consist of different events
of races, throws, and jumps that take place in one or two consecutive days and by the
same athlete.
Triathlon

The Triathlon is asportindividual and resistance, which combines three disciplines

sportsswimming, cyclingyrunning raceIt is characterized by being one of the sports most
hardships that exist in the current international competitive landscape. The athletes who it
they maintain a strict training schedule to be able to face the
demanding conditions of the tests, both physical and psychological. There are modalities of
intensity different from that of the Triathlon, but which takes from it its essence of combination of
different sports.

Pentathlon

The Pentathlon was a competitionathleticwhich consisted of five tests. The execution of this
the event was replaced by the one ofModern pentathlon.

This combination of tests was carried out in ancient [Link]

Olympicand in thePanhellenic GamesIt consisted of the following five tests:

Stadium (stadion), a 180-meter foot race

Fight
Long jump
Javelin throw
Album launch

The modern pentathlon is an Olympic sports discipline, established by the BaronPeter of

Coubertincreator of theModern Olympicsin theStockholm 1912 Olympic Games,
consta of 5 tests what must to be fulfilled in a only day: shot
withgun, fencing, swimming200 meters freestyleequestrianismofobstaclesand career tofield
truantEach of the first four events assigns a score to the athlete according to their
performance.

Heptathlon

The Heptathlon is a competition of theathleticscurrent which consists of seven tests, carried out in
two consecutive days and by the same athlete.

There are two different types of heptathlon, depending on whether it is held indoors or outdoors.
outdoor

Indoor heptathlon

Test that is conducted in indoor track and field championships and usually only by
men.

On the first day, the following events are held in this order:
 60 meters flat
Long jump
Shot put
High jump

On the second day:

60 meters hurdles
Pole vault
1000 meters flat

Outdoor heptathlon

This event is officially held in women's outdoor athletics championships.

On the first day, the following events are contested in this order:

100 meter hurdles

High jump
Shot put(4Kg)
200 meters flat

On the second day:

Long jump
Javelin throw
800 meters flat

Decathlon

The Decathlon is a competition ofathleticscurrent that consists of ten tests that are
They take place over the course of two consecutive days and by the sameathlete.

When possible, there will be a half-hour interval between the end of one test and the beginning.
from the following, for any individual athlete; and if possible, between the last test of the first
Day and the first of the second will pass ten hours.

Men

The first day the following events will take place in this order:

100 meters flat

Long jump
Shot put
High jump
400 meters flat

On the second day:

110 meter hurdles

 Album release
Pole vault
Javelin throw
1500 meters flat

Women

On the first day, the following events are held in this order:

100m flat
Album release
Pole vault
Javelin throw
400 meters flat

On the second day:

100 meter hurdles

Long jump
Shot put
High jump
1500 meters flat

The scores obtained in the different tests are evaluated according to certain tables of
score of theInternational Association of Athletics FederationsThe winner will be proclaimed of the
competition that athlete who achieves the highest score.

INTRODUCTION

The fitnessphysicsit is the natural condition that aindividualto carry out the activities
efficiently, and is determined by thedevelopmentof the physiological qualities that
allows for a low or moderate intensity effort for the greatesttimepossible.

Athletics is asportthat contains a set of grouped disciplines

inraces, jumps, launches, combined tests ymarchIt is the art of overcoming the
performance of the opponents in speed or endurance, in distance or in height.

Athletics is one of the few sports practiced universally, the simplicity and the few
The necessary means for its practice explain its success.

The first traces of athletic competitions date back to ancient civilizations.

The discipline has been developing over the centuries, from the earliest tests to its
regulation.
It encompasses many aspects of physical and motor activity, and is present in four
natural qualities in man: running, walking, jumping, and throwing. It can be said that a
An athlete who has skill and mastery in these tests would be a very complete person.
physically.

Due to being a natural sport, requiring extensive physical preparation, demanding and comprehensive, we can say
that athletics is the king of sports.

CONCLUSION

Staying in good shape, surpassing oneself, this is the aspiration of [Link]

make aprogramof planned physical exercise.

At times we tend to think that this training planning is something reserved

exclusively for professional athletes. Nothing could be further from the truth. The criteria
basics that govern the functioning of the organism and allow it to adapt
continuously to situations of effort are the same for the athlete who seeks the maximum
sports performance (and for that it pushes its organism to limit situations) that for the
person who seeks to improve their health, stay fit and achieve a high quality of
life.

Athletics has a decisive action in the preservation and development of health in terms of
helps humans adjust their reactions and behaviors appropriately to the
conditions of the outside world.

Promotes and enables individuals to understand their own body, their

possibilities, to know and master a variety of bodily and sports activities,
so that in the future they can choose the most suitable for their development and recreation
personal, also improving their quality of life through enrichment and enjoyment
personal and the relationship to others.