The Legends and Myths of Venezuela
The Legends and Myths of Venezuela
It is a ghost with the figure of an elegant, tall, and very beautiful woman with long hair.
hair. They call her La Sayona because she covers herself with a long tunic or saya. This
the apparition has been frightening night owls since the 19th century and they say that it
appears to drinkers, night owls, and adulterers. Let them admire her but
when they try to win her over, she then smiles, showing some fangs
long and pointed and then disappears, leaving the poor terrified
fishermen. Considered a punishing sign for unfaithful men.
La Sayona is a story originating from the Venezuelan plains and dates back to the time
colonial. It is the story of a very jealous woman who killed her husband and
his mother, thinking that they were having a romance.
Your mother, in the agony of death, cursed her saying: "You will be Sayona for ..."
"always and in the name of God, so be it." Since then, he wanders without
rest and peace, chasing unfaithful men to conquer them and then
kill them.
Among the many stories told in the Venezuelan plains is
the following:
One night a man escaped to meet his lover, in the middle of
Camino was surprised to see her coming to meet him, although he found her strange.
staggering walk. He ran after her, but upon reaching her house, the woman continued
long.
The bewildered man said to him: Well, what’s happening? When he turned around, he
he encountered a white woman with a deathly face, teeth sharp as axes
and huge claws like nails. He ran towards his house and the spirit
he chased with open arms to embrace him.
The man managed to escape and upon arriving home, he found his mother-in-law.
Awake, who upon seeing him so agitated asked:
Son, what happened to you?
What a good scare I got! I went out for a moment to pee and that woman appeared...
Oh my son, it seems like you're cheating on my daughter! Stop that, I
what should I say...
The man assures that after that experience he had no desire to return.
to deceive his wife.
Therefore, it is better for those men who enjoy deceiving their partner,
think it over before LA SAYONA appears to you.
particularity of unfolding, that is, it can appear as a dog or a wolf.
The Whistler
It is said in the Venezuelan plains that some time ago a young man murdered his...
parents. For this atrocious crime, he is condemned forever to carry a sack with
the bones of their ancestors and to scare people by whistling a series of notes
characteristics and making the bones sound. You never know where it is because, if
if its whistle is heard nearby, it means El Silbón is very close.
the ghost is already far away. Some say that whoever hears the whistle is
hearing the announcement of his own death. The narrative says that he is a tall man and
slim that measures about six meters.
The description given by those who have seen and heard it; they say it is that of
a disproportionate man, very tall, who walks standing out above
the treetop emits a chilling whistle and carries a bag full of
bones that make them sound like a Holy Week rattle.
The legend says that the Whistler is the tormented soul of a son who killed his father and
he ate the offal (that is, the liver, heart, and lungs). The boy was raised
spoiled (pampered), did not respect anyone. One day he told his father that he wanted
eating deer offal. His father went hunting to please him but
he was taking a long time to return. In light of this, the boy went to look for him and upon seeing that
I didn't bring anything, I hadn't been able to hunt the deer, I killed it, I took out its entrails and I ...
took them to her mother to cook them. Since they weren't softening, the mother
she suspected they were her husband's 'satires'. Asking the boy, he
he confessed the truth.
Immediately he cursed him 'for all his life'. His brother Juan chased him with a
"Sender", he heard a lid of chili and urged his dog "Tureco" until the end
the world chases him and bites his heels.
In the eastern plains of Colombia, it is known as the whistler; it is said to be the
fearless wandering of a restless soul of a partying and womanizing man who
died alone and abandoned and seeks the company of someone to ride
late at night along the paths of this plain.
Others say that this whistler chases pregnant women;
it emits a long and piercing whistle that penetrates through the ears and at the same time it
there is an intense cold that freezes people. There is a belief that when
a sharp whistle is a woman who is going to die; but if on the contrary the whistle
He is thick, is it a man or a friend who dies.
Guaraira Repano
The city of Caracas is nestled in a beautiful valley at the foot of the mountain.
El Ávila. In pre-Columbian times it was called Guaraira Repano, which
means something like: 'the wave that came from afar'. The indigenous people of the area
they told that in ancient times there was no mountain and that from the valley
I could see the sea. But one day the tribes offended the great goddess of the sea and she
wanted to end everything in the village. Then he raised a great wave, the highest that
had been seen; all the people knelt and begged for forgiveness from the goddess and, just
when the wave was about to crash down on them, the goddess took pity and turned the wave into the
great mountain that exists today.
Florentino, the one who sang with the devil.
Florentino was the best rider and singer of the plains. One night, riding alone
through the plain to attend a joropo in a nearby town, he noticed from afar that
another man was following, all dressed in black, who seemed to be going to the same party.
When the joropo began and Florentino prepared to sing, the strange guest...
I challenged him to a duet. Florentino accepted, and as they crossed paths, the...
couplets, he realized that his opponent was the Devil and that if he lost in the
counterpoint, he would lose his soul. But his skill as an improviser and his faith
they kept the Devil busy singing all night without Florentino realizing it
A rhyming mistake would not happen. When the sun came out, the Devil had to disappear.
completely defeated. Alberto Arvelo Torrealba wrote a poem
monumental narrating the back-and-forth between Florentino and the Devil.
The confrontation between Florentino, the most famous of the llanero singers, and the
Diablo takes place in several scenes. The first of them corresponds to the Challenge;
in it, in some desolate spot of the plain summer, The Devil crosses with
Florentino, both gentlemen, and he challenges him to a counterpoint in place and
opportunity marked there.
The second represents us Florentino at the agreed place, singing and to the
waiting for the challenger, who does not take long to present themselves. Thus begins the
immediate counterpoint woven with bandola or harp, cuatro and maracas, at the end
from which, The Devil is defeated. Some say it's by the rising of the sun; others, by
the conjuration of the saints, but the fact is that it disappears. The legend that runs through
the llanos suggest that, after the meeting, florentino never sang again.
For some researchers and historians, it is not a coincidence that Alberto Arvelo
Torrealba has decided to bring these characters to life in Santa Inés, setting
key in the history of Venezuela as it is the very place where the general
Ezequiel Zamora won the battle against the centralist army that defended the
Venezuelan oligarchy. Santa Inés, the place where 'El Catire', Florentino, challenged
Satan came out victorious.
The legend of Florentino and the Devil was also revived by Rómulo Gallegos in
his novel Cantaclaro. "Florentino, the fair-haired solace taker, was the best of the
Coplers. Essential in all joropos and parties of the Llano, no one could defeat him.
in their exchanges. The Devil himself, envious of Florentino's triumphs,
he decided to challenge him to a duel of verses," wrote Gallegos.
Maria Lionza
According to the legend, María Lionza (Yara) was a Nivar maiden, an enchanted daughter of
a powerful chief from Nirgua. The Shaman of the village had predicted that
when a girl with strange eyes, aquamarine eyes, was born, it was necessary to
sacrifice it and offer it to the Lord of Water, the Great Anaconda because if not
perpetual ruin and the extinction of the Nívar would come. But his father was unable to
do it. And he hid the girl in a cave in the mountain, with 22 warriors who
they watched her and prevented her from leaving. She was forbidden to look at herself in mirrors
water. But one day a mysterious force put the guardians to sleep and the beautiful
young man left the cave and walked to the lake, discovering his own reflection in the
water. She was delighted by his vision. Thus she awakened the Lord of Water to the Great
Anaconda, who emerged from the depths, falling in love with her and
attracting her toward him. In the lake, María Lionza and the powerful serpent celebrated
a spiritual and mystical communion. When his father discovered the union, he tried
separate them. Then the Anaconda grew, became enormous and burst, causing a
great flood that swept away the village and its people. Since that day María Lionza
she became the protective goddess and mistress of the lagoons, rivers, and waterfalls, mother
protector of nature, wild animals, and queen of love. The myth of Yara
survived the Spanish conquest, although it underwent some modifications. In this
sense, Yara was covered by the Catholic religion with the mantle of the Christian virgin
and took the name of Our Lady Mary of the Onza of the Prado of Talavera
Nivar. However, with the passage of time, she would be known as María de la
Onza, that is, María Lionza.
The cult of María Lionza gained great strength in the 1950s.
during the dictatorship of Marcos Pérez Jiménez, who ordered that be erected in the
year 1953 on the eastern highway, near the entrance of Central University
from Venezuela, a statue of her mounted on a danta, the work of the sculptor
Alejandro Colina, which collapsed due to lack of maintenance, being
replaced by a replica, while the real one is being repaired by the UCV.
The image of María Lionza is that of a lady dressed in a blue cloak, with
colored feathers and jewels; sitting on enormous snakes. When strolling through
the jungle of Nirgua or Chivacoa, marches in a danta, which is invulnerable to all
the arms and Christian prayers. It has the ability to petrify the stingy, to the
thieves and bandits.
Goddess of the mountain of Sorte, in Yaracuy. She is also known as 'The Queen'.
There are many versions of its origin, but the most accepted is that it was from the ethnic group.
Caquetía, mestizo daughter of a chief. As she was born with light eyes, which
he considered it a bad omen, his father hid her in a cave in the mountain. The
I visited her daily to feed her and one day I saw a danta (tapir) bringing her fruits.
wild ones to the girl and carried her on his back.
The girl grew up with the name Maria and people visited her seeking healing.
for their illnesses because he knew the powers of plants. He could be seen by
the jungle riding on the danta and this image grew in popular faith,
becoming a protective deity of the forests and healer of the
people. She was called María La Onza because she was also accompanied by a onza or
puma
It is currently an object of worship in the Sorte mountain, Yaracuy State,
converted into a sanctuary by the followers.
strong or offensive verses, which did not affect 'Quirpa' and he replied back.
in such a teasing manner, ridiculing him, seeing himself already lost and dead with rage for
the jealousy and the impotence from not achieving his goal against "Quirpa", the husband
jealous, they say, I launched this verse: '... if you have arrived in these lands, coming from so far'
far away, your carbide is finished, you are a poor fool and let it be known in
Caracas also in the whole world that here in Güiripa gentlemen, they don't want to
the plainsmen..”, immediately taking a feline leap, dagger in hand, from a
I only cut the 32 strings of the harp that 'Quirpa' played with mastery, and that is how it is.
How the eggplant patch is set on fire, 'Quirpa' like a good plainsman, faced it with his fists.
clean against whom he dared to harm his harp, in the midst of the brawl 'Quirpa' receives
certain stab, which takes his life on the spot. The guitarist in defense of his
the boss and party companion comes to his defense, but is also injured,
They say he received up to sixteen stab wounds, miraculously saving his life.
They say that after the skirmish, everything fell silent, and in the midst of the
semi-darkness, only two bodies lying on the ground stood out, that of
"QUIRPA" and "THE GUITARIST", and the blood that flowed from the wounds, arrived
to the river, dyeing the waters red, which wound downstream,
following its own course.
Although 'the dwarf' became a Caracas institution and the terror 'of the
"womanizers" who living in Candelaria had a "second front" for Santa
Rosalía, there were other ghosts that rivaled the fateful dwarf of the
Cathedral. For example, 'the man with the cap in La Plaza de la Misericordia'
today Carabobo Park.
When López Contreras was president of the Republic, he still retained that
It placed a beautiful gate that prevented dogs from entering the park. In that
then one of the major problems in Caracas was stray dogs,
thin and dirty, just as the great César Rengifo portrayed them when he painted the
miseries of the people.
After twelve, at the same time as the dwarf, the man appeared.
little hat, a ghost that had both hands in the pockets of its pants and was
he was approaching whistling, while the guy who had the audacity to enter the
He defecated in the plaza and tried to flee, but the gates of the bars had
missing. There was no way to find them.
This torture lasted about an hour, when also as by
charm appeared the doors and the man with the cap disappeared.
Momoy
The Momoyes, Mamóes, or Mumúes are goblins from Venezuelan folklore.
inhabitants of the Andean area since pre-Columbian times. The Momoyes are
described as small little men about 40 cm tall. They can be
dresses in the Indian way, adorning their bodies with feathers, leaves, and flowers,
helping themselves to walk with a cane. They are also described as adorned
for enormous hats and beard. They inhabit the areas of Mérida and Trujillo,
especially its lagoons and rivers. They are described as benign creatures,
mischievous, and defenders of the environment. Due to their nature as sprites
protectors of the crops, agriculture, and the environment in general, are
They tell anecdotes about the furious reactions that the Momoyes can have.
to have towards those jungle visitors who leave their waste
pollutants in a careless manner. It is said that a Momoy returned,
throwing it violently at its owner, a can of soda that was previously
he had tried to sink in a lagoon. It is also said of a Momoy of
La Culata Páramo (Mérida) with a very violent personality, and who used to lash with his
staff to the travelers who camped in the place, especially if they were not
careful with their waste. The Momoyes like to make victims of the
travelers of their heavy jokes, which are generally not more terrible
that hiding or misplacing any of their household belongings.
Moreover, their presence is perceived through all kinds of activities, such as for example
singing, whistling, etc. Anyway, if travelers do not want to be disturbed
for the Momoyes, it would be enough to ignore them, an attitude they could not bear.
The Caves
Throughout the Venezuelan territory, the indigenous people of different tribes shared
the belief that caves were the passages to the beyond. When
someone from the tribe died, a kind of ceremony was held at the entrance of the
cave. If no noise was heard during the rite, it was understood
that the soul of the deceased had passed smoothly to the other world. On the other hand, if
noises were heard, it was supposed to be the spirit of the deceased relative or friend
He/She was being judged and punished for his/her mistakes made in this life.
Many times those noises were heard, due to the animals that inhabit
the caves. It is for this reason that bats and other nocturnal flying animals
they were considered to be the transporters of souls.
Juan Machete:
Considered one of the most well-known legends of the plains. It tells the life
of the man who wanted to be the most powerful in the region, his name was Juan
Francisco Ortiz, master and lord of the lands of La Macarena. This gentleman made a
pact with the devil in which he handed over his wife and children in exchange for much
money, cattle and land. The devil told Juan to catch a frog and a
hen, to which he should sew their eyes and bury them alive on a Good Friday at
midnight, in a secluded place, then I should summon it from the soul and
heart. Juan fulfilled what was entrusted.
After several days, the man realized that the business was flourishing. One
early morning he got up early, and when he saddled his horse he spotted an impressive bull
black, with four hooves and two white horns. This event took place
unnoticed and went to work as usual. In the afternoon he returned from the
he worked and observed that the bull was still roaming around the house. He thought
Could it be from a neighbor? The next day he was awakened by the commotion caused by the
animals, he imagined that the cause could be the black bull. He tried to get it out of his
territory, but this was not possible because no watch could hold out. Tired and
worried about the strange incident, he went to bed, but at midnight he was
awakened by an imposing roar. Upon reaching the pasture, he realized that thousands
They grazed back and forth. Their wealth increased more and more.
The legend says that for many years he was the richest man in the region. Until
that one day the cattle mysteriously began to disappear and their numbers started to decrease
fortune until ending up in misery. It is said that Juan Machete after fulfilling
in his pact with the devil, repentant he buried the leg he had left and disappeared
in the depths of the jungle. The legend says that in the lands of Macarena
A man is wandering, vomiting fire and preventing the money from being unearthed.
by Juan Machete