LEA 2 - effectiveness of policemen depends on the express

wishes of the people.

Comparative - an estimate of the relative likeness or
unlikeness of two objects or event. CONTINENTAL THEORY
- Denotes the degree or grade by which a person, - Policemen are servants of higher authority.
thing, or other entity has a property or quality greater or - they just follow the wishes of top officials servants of
less in extent that of another. the government.

Police - the governmental department charged with the Interpol - the largest international police organization in
regulation and control of the affairs of a community the world, with National Central Bureaus in 196 member
- to maintain order, enforce the law, and prevent and countries.
detect crime
- the civil body of authority that is tasked to maintain Old concept in policing - the yardstick of police
peace and order, enforce the law, protect lives and proficiency relies on the number of arrests made.
property and ensure public safety with the active - punishment is the sole instrument of crime control.
response of the community. Modern concept in policing - the yardstick of police
- “Police is the public and the public is the police” sir proficiency relies on the absence of crime.
Robert Peels (Metropolitan Police Act 1829 - London) - police omnipresence is considered as the tool or
instrument in crime prevention.
System/ Globalization - A combination of related
elements that are functioning as whole in order to Three styled of policing
achieve a single goal or objective. 1. Legalistic - use of threats or actual arrests to solve
disputes.
Comparative Police System - process of outlining the 2. Watchman- it emphasizes informal means of
similarities and differences of one police system to resolving disputes.
another in order to discover insights in the field of 3. Service - It is emphasizes helping the community,
international policing. as opposed to enforcing the law.

What is Transnational Crime? - describes that crimes (Interpol present location at Lyon, France)
that are not only international (that is, crimes that cross
borders between countries), but crimes that by their The Interpol is comprised of the following bodies:
nature involve border crossings as an essential part of
the criminal activity. 1. General Assembly
2. Executive Committee
Organized Crime Group - a structured group of three or 3. General Secretariat
more persons existing for a period of time and acting in 4. National Central Bureaus
concert with the aim of committing crimes or offense 5. Advisers
- a profit-motivated and highly capable group of persons 6. The commission for the Control of INTERPOL’s Files
or an enterprise organized to undertake widespread,
regular or long term The Executive Committee it is comprises 13 member
committee which is elected by the General Assembly.
According to the United Nations, An offense is - Vice President
Transnational in nature if; - Delegates Member
- it is committed in more than one state to another;
- it is committed in one state but a substantial part of its THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
preparation, planning, direction, or control takes place in - Compose of delegates appointed by the governments
another state; of member countries.
- it is committed in one state but involves an organized
criminal group engaging in criminal activities in more As Interpol's supreme governing body, it meets once a
than one state; or year. It takes all the major decisions affecting general
- it is committed in one state but has substantial effects policy, the resources needed for
in another state. international cooperation, working methods, finances,
and the program of activities. It also elects the
TRANSNATIONAL CRIMES Organization's Executive Committee. Generally
- human trafficking speaking. the Assembly takes decisions by a simple
- people smuggling/illegal migration arms smuggling majority through resolutions. Each Member State
- drugs smuggling piracy represented has one vote.
- corruption
- fraud and other economic crimes, environmental EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
crimes Interpol's select deliberative organ which meets three
- non-domestic terrorism times a year, usually in March, July, and immediately
before the General Assembly,
Theories in Policing System
Its role, In accordance with Article 22 of the Constitution,
HOMERULE THEORY is to:
- Policemen are servants of the community
-Supervise the execution of the decisions of the General officers.
Assembly ADVISERS
-Prepare agenda for sessions of the General Assembly - THESE ARE EXPERTS IN A PURELY ADVISORY
-Submit to the General Assembly any program of work CAPACITY, WHO MAY BE APPOINTED BY THE
or project which it considers useful EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND CONFIRMED BY THE
- Supervise the administration and work of the GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
Secretary- General
COMMISSION FOR THE CONTROL OF INTERPOL'S
HOW LONG IS THE TENURE OF DUTY OF THE FILES (CCF)
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE? - To ensure that the processing of personal information
- President - 4 years by INTERPOL complies with the Organization's
- Vice President - 3 years regulations,
- There is no re-elect of terms - To advise INTERPOL on any project, operation, set of
rules or other matter involving the processing of
GENERAL SECRETARIAT personal information and
Where is the General Secretariat based? - To process requests concerning the information
Lyon, France. containing INTERPOL's files
- It coordinates the international activities of member
countries, holds a library of international criminal THE INTERPOL NOTICES SYSTEM
records, and organizes regular meetings at which - AN INTERPOL NOTICE OR INTERNATIONAL
delegates can NOTICE ISSUE BY INTERPOL TO SHARE
exchange information on police work. INFORMATION BETWEEN ITS MEMBERS.
The General Secretariat operates 24 hours a day, 365
days a year. - RED NOTICE - BLUE NOTICE
- BLACK NOTICE - GREEN NOTICE
AHMED NASER AL-RAISI - YELLOW NOTICE - ORANGE NOTICE
He is the INTERPOL's current President, elected at the
89th INTERPOL General Assembly held in Istanbul on RED NOTICE - to seek the arrest or provisional arrest of
November 2021 Ahmed Naser Al-Raisi will serve as wanted persons with a view to extradition.
President until 2025. BLACK NOTICE - to seek information on unidentified
bodies.
WHO IS KNOWN AS THE CURRENT SECRETARY YELLOW NOTICE - to help locate missing persons,
GENERAL? often minors, or to help identify persons who are unable
JÜRGEN STOCK - He was unanimously elected to identify themselves.
Secretary General at the 83rd INTERPOL General BLUE NOTICE - to collect additional information about a
Assembly session in Monaco, in November 2014. person’s identity or activities in relation to a crime.
GREEN NOTICE - to provide warnings and criminal
WHAT ARE THE ORGANIZATION'S FOUR OFFICIAL intelligence about persons who have committed criminal
LANGUAGES? S.A.F.E. offenses and are likely to repeat these crimes in other
countries.
S-Spanish ORANGE NOTICE - to warn police, public entities and
A-Arabic other international organizations about potential threats
F- French from disguised weapons, parcel bombs and other
E- English dangerous materials.

NATIONAL CENTRAL BUREAU- MANILA

CHAIRMAN - Director General Philippine National

Police

Police MEMBERS:
Director, National Bureau of Investigation
Commissioner, Bureau of Customs
Commissioner, Bureau of Internal
Revenue Commissioner, Bureau of Immigration
Governor, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas ASEANAPOL
Executive Director, Dangerous Drug Board - An association of 10-member ASEAN countries Chiefs
of Police established in 1981.
NATIONAL CENTRAL BUREAUS (NCB) - The premier regional platform for all the ASEAN Police
- The NCB is the designated CONTACT POINT for the Chiefs and respective delegates to interact as well as to
General Secretariat, regional offices, and other member discuss, exchange views and update each other on the
countries requiring assistance with overseas latest development in law enforcement and transnational
investigations and the location and apprehension of issues in their respective countries.
fugitives. - A regional alliance that is determined to secure not
Each INTERPOL member country Bureau maintains a only our own individual sovereign ties but also the peace
National Central staffed by national law enforcement and progress of our Community.
 9. Applicant must not have been ever convicted of
MEMBER COUNTRIES OF ASEANAPOL criminal or administrative offense; has no pending case
Brunei Darussalam either administrative/criminal in any body/tribunal/court;
Kingdom of Cambodia a witness to any criminal or administrative case,
Republic of Indonesia especially those covered by RA g165; or a summary
Lao People's Democratic Republic hearing officer with unresolved cases;
Malaysia 10. Applicant must not have been repatriated from any
Union of Myanmar previous UN Mission for disciplinary reasons;
Republic of the Philippines 11. Applicant must have knowledge on basic Computer
Republic of Singapore operations (e.g. Word excel, Powerpoint, e-mail and
Kingdom of Thailand internet)
Socialist Republic of Vietnam 12. Applicant must have passed the latest Physical
Fitness test (PFT) conducted by DHRDD as well as
PHILIPPINE CENTER ON TRANSNATIONAL CRIME medical, dental and neuro-psychiatric examinations; and
(PCTC) E.0 62 13. Applicant must be first cleared by Directorate for
- Its mission was to formulate and implement a Logistics of any firearm accountability prior to
concerted program of action of all law enforcement and his/her mission.
government agencies for the prevention and control of,
transnational crimes. SELECTED POLICE MODELS

What is the mother agency of PCTC? U. S POLICE DEPARTMENT

- Office of the President
1. FEDERAL
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CHIEFS OF 2. STATE
POLICE (IACP) 3. COUNTRY
- The world's oldest and largest nonprofit membership 4. CITY
organization of police executives. IACP's leadership
consists of the operating chief executives of WHO WILL RESPOND? (TWO FOLD)
international, federal, state and local agencies of all - First, one must determine which government unit
sizes. prohibits the acts.
- Second, one must look at the place (venue) where the
QUALIFICATIONS FOR DEPLOYMENT TO UN criminal act occurred. If the murder occurred in
PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS Alabama, the Alabama authorities will be responsible in
1. Applicant must be an UNSAS eligible; investigating the crime.
- (UNSAS eligible refers to PNP personnel who passed
the ÙNSAT Examination in the Philippines entitling such 1. CITY POLICE
member eligibility for deployment within a period of - City police are mainly responsible for enforcing the law
eighteen (18) months commencing from the last day of in their own city.
the test as certified by the members of the UNSAT who - A small town may have a police force of only one or
administered the same.) two officers.
- (UNSAT Examination - refers to the examination - What is the largest city police department in the United
administered by the UN Selection Assistance Team to States?
determine competencies of candidates on English
communication, vehicle driving and firearms proficiency. IN MOST CITIES IN USA, WHO APPOINTS THE HEAD
2. Upon filing of application, if the applicant is a PCO, OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT IN CITIES?
he/she must have a rank of at least PSI and if PNCO, - MAYOR
he/she must have a rank of at least PO3;
3. Applicant must have attained at least five (5) years NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT
of active police service as of the first day of UNSAT - The NYPD was the first police agency in the US,
examination. established in 1845
4. Applicant must be appointed in permanent status - its primary responsibilities are law enforcement and
in his/her present rank. investigation within the five boroughs of New York City.
5. Applicant must neither be less than twenty-five (25) NEWYORK POLICE DEPARTMENT (NYP)
years old nor more than fifty-three (53) years old upon - the largest police department
actual deployment;
6. Applicant must have at least one () year of recent RANKS IN NYPD
driving experience and must be in possession of a valid Chiefof Department
Non- Professional or Professional national or Bureau Chief
international driving license for at least one (1) year as Assistant Chief
of the first day of the UNSAT examination; Deputy Chief
7. Applicant must be recommended by his/her unit Inspector
commander; Deputy Inspector
8. Applicant must have Performance Evaluation Rating Captain
of at least Very Satisfactory (VS) for two (2) consecutive Lieutenant
rating periods immediately preceding the UNSAT Sergeant
examination; Detective-Investigator
Detective-Specialist
Police Officer

2. COUNTRY POLICE
- The powers of a county police force extend throughout
the county.
- What do we call the chief law enforcement officer in
most counties? SHERIF

3. STATE POLICE
- Headed by a commissioner or superintendent
- What is term called for all of the state officers?
“TROPPERS”

HOW MANY POLICE STATES ARE THERE IN THE

USA?
- 50 out of 51 police state in the US

4. FEDERAL POLICE
- they are responsible in enforcing law within the whole
country of USA including boarders.