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hkjeemathJEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
COMPLEX NUMBERS
SYNOPSIS z x
2 iy
2
vii) z x1 iy1 x 2 y 2
1
2 2 2
INTEGRAL POWERS OF IOTA where z1 x1 iy1 and z2 x2 iy2
An imaginary number i(iota) is defined as 1
z1
i.e., i 1 hence i 2 1 , For example the value of z where z1 2 3i ,
2
i 3 i and i 4 1 z2 1 2i , is
In general , i 1 , i
4n
i, i 1 and
4 n 1 4n 2
z1 2 3i 2 3i 1 2i 8 i
i 4 n 3 i , where n is any integer
z2 1 2i 1 4 5
Note: Sum of four consecutive powers of i is
Note:
always equal to zero.
2 2
200 i) 1 i 2i ii) 1 i 2i
n
For example i i i2 i3 i4 ...... i200 0
n1 1 1 i 1 i
iii) i iv) i v) i
i 1 i 1 i
COMPLEX NUMBER CONJUGATE OF A COMPLEX NUMBER:
If x, y R , then an ordered
pair The conjugate of a complex number z x iy is
x , y x iy is called a complex number. It denoted by z and it is defined as z x iy
is denoted by z. Where x is real part or Re(z) and y Note: The conjugate of a purely real number is
is imaginary part or Im (z) of the complex number. the number itself
i) If Re(z) = x = 0, then z is called purely imaginary
PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATE
number
OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
ii) If Im(z) = y 0 then z is called purely real number..
If z C then
Note: The set of all possible ordered pairs is called
complex number set, is denoted by C i) z z ii) z z 2 Re z iii) z z 2i Im z
PROPERTIES OF ALGEBRAIC If z1 , z2 C then
OPERATIONS : i) z1 z2 z1 z2 ii) z1 z2 z1 z 2
Let z1 x1 iy1 and z2 x2 iy2 be two complex
z
1 z1
numbers then iii) z1 z2 z1 .z2 iv) z if z2 0
2 z2
i) z1 z2 x1 x2 i y1 y2
v) z1 z2 z1 z2
ii) z1 z2 x1 x2 i y1 y2
W.E-1: If a ib 3 5i is the conjugate of
iii) z1 z2 x1 x2 y1 y2 i x1 y2 x2 y1
6 24i then the values of a, b is
iv) z1 z2 iff x1 x2 and y1 y2
Sol: a ib 3 5i 6 24i 6 24i
v) Additive inverse of z x iy is z x iy
vi) Multiplicative inverse of z x iy is 3a 5b i 5a 3b 6 24i
hence, 3a 5b 6 , 5a 3b 24
1 x iy z
2 2
2 when x 2 y 2 0 by solving we get a 3, b 3
z x y z
a, b 3, 3
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 1
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
SQUARE ROOT OF A COMPLEX If z1 , z2 C then
NUMBER:
i) z1 z2 z1 z2
Let z x iy then
z1 z
| z | x | z | x ii) 1
i if y 0 z2 z2
2 2
x iy
| z | x
i
| z | x
if y 0
iii)
2 2 2
z1 z2 z1 z2 2 Re z1 z 2
2 2
2 Re z z
2 2 2
iv) z1 z 2 z1 z2 1 2
Where | z | x 2 y 2
2 2 2 2
Note: v) z1 z2 z1 z2 2 z1 z2
i) x iy x iy 2 | z | 2 x vi)
2 2
z1 z2 z1 z 2 4 Re z1 z2
ii) x iy x iy i 2 | z | 2 x 2 2 2 z1
vii) z1 z2 z1 z2 z is a purely imaginary
1 i 1 i 2
iii) i and i
2 2 when z2 0
W.E-2: 3i 3i
W.E-3: If z1 , z2 , z3 are complex numbers such that
1 i
Sol: 3i 3 1 1 1
2 | z1 || z2 || z3 | 1
z1 z2 z3
1 i
3i 3
2 then | z1 z2 z3 | is
2 Sol: | z1 |2 | z 2 |2 | z3 |2 1
by adding, 3i 3i 3 6
2 z1 z1 z2 z2 z3 z3 1
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 1 1 1
z1 , z2 and z3
2 2
x y is called modulus (or) absolute value of z1 z2 z3
the complex number z x iy is denoted by z 1 1 1
(or) r but 1 z z z | z1 z2 z3 |
1 2 3
Note:
| z1 z2 z3 | | z1 z2 z3 | | z1 z2 z3 | 1
i) z z z z x2 y 2
ii) Modulus of a complex number is the distance of W.E-4: If z is a complex number then the minimum
the point (x, y) from origin in argand plane. value of | z | | z 1| | 2 z 3 | is
PROPERTIES OF MODULUS OF A Sol: f z | z | | z 1| | 2 z 3 | has critical points
COMPLEX NUMBER:
If z C then 3
0,1, , hence
n 2
i) z 0 z 0 ii) z n z , n N
3
iii) If z 1 , then z is called unimodulus min. of f z min of f 0 , f 1 , f
2
2
iv) z z z v) z Re z , Im z z min of 4, 2, 2 2
2 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
INEQUALITIES: General argument : If is the principal
If z1 , z2 C then argument of the complex number z then
2k , k I is the general argument of z .
i) z1 z2 z1 z2
Note: i) Argument of zero is not defined
ii) z1 z2 ...... zn z1 z2 ........ zn ii) For a non zero complex number the principal
argument is unique, where as the general arguments
iii) z1 z 2 z1 z2 are infinitely many.
Note: Principal value of the Argument for
1 different positions of Z in the complex
a a 2 4 a a2 4
i) If z z a then | z | plane:
2 2
Let z x iy x, y and
a
ii) If z k then greatest value of z is
z r | z | x 2 y 2 , arg z
k 2 4a k x y y
Such that cos ,sin tan
2 r x x
iii) The least value of z a z b is a b y y
tan 1 tan 1
x x
W.E-5:If z 1 3 then the maximum value of
Q(x,y) P(x,y)
z4
r
Sol: z 4 z 1 5 z 1 5 3 5 8 x 0, y 0 x 0, y 0
maximum value of z 4 8 0
x 0, y 0 x 0, y 0
W.E-6: If | z1 1| 1,| z2 2 | 2,| z3 3 | 3
then | z1 z2 z3 | is R(x,y) S(x,y)
y y
Sol: | z1 1| 1 0 | z1 | 2 tan 1 tan 1
x x
| z 2 2 | 2 0 | z2 | 4
1 y
| z3 3 | 3 0 | z3 | 6 if Z x iy , and tan then
x
Now | z1 z2 z3 | | z1 | | z2 | | z3 |
2 4 6 12 when x 0 , y 0
when x 0 , y 0
z1 z2 z3 12 arg z
when x 0 , y 0
ARGUMENT (OR) AMPLITUDE when x 0 , y 0
OF A COMPLEX NUMBER:
Principal argument: Let P be any point which 0 when x 0 , y 0
represent the complex number z in Argand plane
and the angle made by OP with positive when x 0 , y 0
2
x-axis in anticlock wise direction is , then is arg z
when x 0 , y 0
called the principal argument of z or arg z when 2
when x 0 , y 0
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 3
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
Some important results involving i) ei cis cos i sin
argument: If z , z1 and z2 are complex numbers,
ii) ei cis cos i sin
then
0 if ei e i
arg z arg z iii) cos cosh i
i) 2
2 if
ei e i
ii)
arg z arg z if iv) i sin
2
sinh i
iii) arg z1 z2 arg z1 arg z2 2k
1
v) cis
for some k {1, 0,1} cis
z
iv) arg z arg z1 arg z2 2k
1
vi) cis1.cis 2 cis 1 2
2
for some k {1, 0,1} cis1
vii) cis cis 1 2
2
v)
arg z1 z2 arg z1 arg z 2
Note:
i) 1 cis 2 ei 2 ii) 1 cis ei
vi) | z1 z 2 || z1 z 2 | arg z1 arg z2
2
vii) | z1 z 2 | | z1 | | z 2 | arg z1 arg z 2 i i 2
e2
iii) i cis iv) i cis e
2 2
W.E-7: If z , w are two non-zero complex numbers
General mod-amp form of a complex
such that | zw | 1 and arg z arg w number: Let z x iy be a complex number..
2
then zw is Then z r cis 2k , k I is the general
mod-amp form of z
Sol: Given | zw | 1 | zw | 1
i) arg z n n arg z 2k , for some k {1, 0,1}
also, arg z arg w
2 z z
ii) arg 1 then arg 2 2k , K I
z2 z1
arg zw
2
and | zw | 1
If z1 r1 cos 1 i sin 1 and
hence zw i zw i zw i
z2 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
Principal modulus-amplitude form of a Then
complex number(polar form):
Let z x iy be a complex number then
i) | z1 z2 |2
z r cos i sin r cis
is called the = | z1 |2 | z2 |2 2 | z1 || z2 | cos 1 2
principle mod-amp form or Polar form of z. = r12 r22 2r1r2 cos 1 2
Where r | z | x2 y2 and is the principal 2
ii) z1 z2 r12 r22 2r1r2 cos 1 2
amplitude of z.
Euler’s form of a complex number : The iii) | z1 z 2 |2 | z1 z 2 |2 2 r12 r22
complex number z r cos i sin can be 2 2
iv) | z1 z2 | | z1 z2 | 4r1r2 cos 1 2
denoted by rei is known as Euler’s form of z.
4 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
W.E-8:If z is a complex number of unit modulus LOGARITHM OF A COMPLEX
NUMBER :
1 z
and argument , then arg .
1 z If z x iy C , then log z log x iy
1 1 y
Sol: z 1 z z 1 z (Mains-2013) log x 2 y 2 i tan 1
z 2 x
1 z 1 z
Now z i.e., log x iy log | z | i arg z
1 z 1 1/ z
Note:
1 z
Arg arg z
1 z i) log i i
2
W.E-9: The set of points in C satisfying the
a ib 1 b
ii) log 2i tan
inequality arg z is a ib a
2 2
W.E-12: If i i i............ x iy then x 2 y 2
Sol: Given that arg z
2 2
Sol: x iy i i i............ i x iy
arg z
2 2 2
log x iy x iy log i x iy i
0 arg z 2
z lies in either Q1 (or) Q2 and hence y y x
log x 2 y 2 i tan 1 i
Im z 0 x 2 2
comparing real parts on both sides
the required set is z / Im z 0
2 2 y
then log x y
W.E-10: Find the principal Mod-Amp form of 2
tan i
y
2
x y e 2 2 x 2 y 2 e y
Sol: tan i sec sin i cos
SOME IMPORTANTGEOMETRICALRESULTS:
sec cos i sin
2 2 Distance formula: Distance between A z1
and B z2 is given by AB z2 z1
sec cis sec cis
2 2
Section formula: The point P z which
W.E-11: If z i log e 2 3 then cos z divides the join of the segment AB in the ratio m:n
mz2 nz1
Sol: z i log e 2 3 iz log 2 3
e is given by z
mn
e iz 2 3 and hence eiz 2 3
The midpoint M z of the segment AB is given
we have
1
eiz e iz 2 3 2 3 by M z z1 z2
cos z 2 2
2 2
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 5
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
Condition (s) for four non-collinear Triangle: Let ABC be a triangle with vertices
points : A z1 , B z2 , C z3 and D z4 to A z1 , B z2 and C z3 then
represent vertices of a i) Centroid G z of the ABC is
i) Parallelogram z1 z3 z2 z4
1
ii) Rhombus z1 z3 z2 z4 and z z1 z2 z3
3
z2 z1 z4 z1 ii) Incentre I z of the ABC is
iii) Square z1 z3 z2 z4 , az1 bz2 cz3
where,
z1 z3 z2 z4 and a b c
a z2 z3 , b z3 z1 , c z1 z2
z2 z1 z3 z2 z4 z3 z1 z4
iii) Circumcentre S z of the ABC is
iv) Rectangle z1 z3 z2 z4 and
z1 z1 z 2 z3
z3 z1 z4 z2 z1 z2 z3
W.E.13: The complex numbers z , z , z , z form z1 sin 2 A z2 sin 2 B z3 sin 2C
also
sin 2 A sin 2 B sin 2C
D(-z) A(z) iv) Orthocentre H z of the ABC is
2
z12 z2 z3 z1 z 2 z3
0 also
z1 z2 z1 z 2
Sol:
C(-z) B(z) z
tan A z1 tan B z2 tan C z3
tan A tan B tan C
Let z x iy , z x iy , z x iy a sec A z 1
or z =
and z x iy a sec A
If ABC is an equilateral then
AB | z z | 2 | x | BC ; AC | z z | 2 | z |
i) z12 z22 z32 z1 z2 z2 z3 z3 z1
BD | z z | 2 | z | AC BD
2 2 2
Hence A, B, C , D form a squre ii) z1 z2 z2 z3 z3 z1 0
1 1 1
Collinear points : iii) 0
z1 z2 z2 z3 z3 z1
z1 , z2 , z3 are collinear points iff
iv) If z0 is circumcentre of ABC then
z1 z1 1
z3 z1 z12 z22 z32 3z02
z2 1 0
i ) z2 ii ) z z is purely real
z3 z3 1 2 1 Note: i) If z12 z1 z2 z22 0 then the origin and
z1 , z2 form an equilateral triangle.
iii ) arg z2 z1 arg z3 z1
ii) If z12 z1 z2 z22 0 then the origin and z1 , z2
iv ) Three complex numbers z1 , z 2 , z3 are in A.P..
form an isosceles triangle.
Concyclic points : Four points
iii) If z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices of an isosceles right
z1 , z 2 , z3 and z4 are concyclic if and only if
angle triangle and right angled at z2 then
z1 z3 z2 z4
is purely real. z12 z32 2 z2 z1 z3 z2
z1 z4 z2 z3
6 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
W.E-14: A z1 , B z2 , C z3 form right angled CB | z iz iz || z |
Isosceles triangle and right angled at C, then
AB 2 | z iz |2 | z |2 | iz |2 2 Re z . iz
the value of 2 z1 z 3 z3 z 2 is
| z |2 | z |2 2 Re i | z |2
B(z2)
2 | z |2 0 2 | z |2 CA2 CB 2
ABC is rightangled isosceles triangle
W.E-16: If | z1 || z2 || z3 | 1 and z1 z2 z3 0
Sol: then the area of triangle whose vertices are
z1 , z2 , z3 is
C(z3) A(z1)
Sol: If | z1 | | z 2 | | z3 | 1 and z1 z2 z3 0
z1 , z2 , z3 form a right angled isosceles triangle and 0 is circumcentre as well as centroid of the triangle
right angle is at z3 formed by z1 , z2 and z3 .
It is an equilateral triangle
z12 z22 2 z3 z1 z2 z3 2 z3 z1 2 z3 z2 2 z32 ...(1)
3 2
now 2 z1 z3 z3 z2 Hence its area = a
4
2 z1 z3 2 z1 z2 2 z32 2 z3 z2 Where a 2 | z z |2
1 2
2
z1 z2 2 2
| z1 | | z2 | 2 | z1 || z2 | cos 1 2
Area of a Triangle: 1
1 1 2.1.1 3
i) The area of triangle whose vertices are z , iz, z iz 2
1 2 3 3 3
is z . Area of the triangle = 3
2 4 4
ii) The area of triangle whose vertices are z , iz, z iz
W.E.17: If the area of the triangle on the argand
3 2 plane formed by the complex numbers -z, iz,
isz .
2 z-iz is 600sq units then |z| is
iii) The area of triangle whose vertices are z, z, z z Sol: Area of the triangle on the argand plane formed
by the complex numbers
3 2
is z , where is complex cube roots of unity 3 2 3 2
4 -z, iz, z-iz is z z 600 z 20
2 2
W.E-15: The triangle formed by the points
represented by z, iz and z iz is W.E-18: If z1, z2 are the roots of z 2 az b 0
C(z iz) and z1, z2 , origin be the vertices of an
equilateral triangle then a 3b 2
Sol: Sol: We know that z1 z2 a, z1 z2 b
A(z ) B(iz) 0, z1, z2 are vertices of an equilateral triangle
Let A z , B iz , C z iz be vertices of z12 z22 z1 z2
2
ABC then CA | z iz z || iz || z | z1 z2 3 z1 z2 a 2 3b 0
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 7
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
LOCUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER: Length of the perpendicular from a point
Straight Line: to a line: The length of the perpendicular from a
i) Non-parametric form: An equation of a straight point z1 to the line az az b 0 is given
line joining the two points A z1 and B z2 is az1 az1 b
by 2a
z z 1 Circle:
z1 z1 1 0 or z z1 z z1 i) The equation of a circle having centre z0 and radius
z2 z1 z2 z1
z2 z2 1 r is z z0 r or zz z0 z z0 z z0 z0 r 2 0
ii) Parametric form: An equation of the straight line ii) The equation of the circle described on the line
joining the point s A z1 and B z2 is segment joining z1 and z2 as diameter is
z tz1 1 t z2 where t is a real parameter
z z1 z z1 z z2 z z2 0 (or)
2 2 2
iii) General equation of a straight line is z z1 z z2 z1 z2
az az b 0 iii) The general equation of a circle is
Complex Slope of Line: zz az az b 0 where b is a real number..
The centre of the circle is ' a ' and its radius is
(i) If A z1 and B z2 are two points in the complex
aa b .
z1 z 2
1zz
plane, then complex slope of AB is __ __
iv) The equation z z k , k 1 represents a circle
z1 z 2 2
a z z1
(ii) Complex slope of the line az az b 0 is , v) The equaiton k , k 1 represents the
a z z2
where ' a ' is non-zero complex number and ' b ' is
perpendicular bisector of line segment joining
a real number.
z1 , z2 .
Parallel and perpendicular lines:Two lines
having complex slopes 1 and 2 which are z z1 z z1
vi) Arg or is purely
i) parallel iff 1 2 z z2 2 z z2
ii) perpendicular iff 1 2 (or ) 1 2 0 imaginary, represents a circle with z1 & z2 as ends
Angle between two lines: If of a diameter.
A z1 , B z2 , C z3 , D z4 are four points in vii) A rg z z1 0, (or) z z1 is purely real,
z z2 z z2
the Argand plane then the angle between the lines
represents a straight line joining the points z1 & z2 .
z1 z2
AB and CD is given by arg z z z z1
3 4
viii) Arg (fixed angle) represents a
Reflection of a line : z z2
i) Reflection of the line az az 0 in the real axis is part of the circle.
2 2
az a z 0 ix) z z1 z z2 k R represents a cirlcle if
ii) Reflection of the line az az 0 in the imaginary 1
k z1 z2
axis is also az a z 0 2
8 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
Ellipse: z z1 z z2 k represents W.E-21: The area of the circle
izz + (3 + 4i)z - (3 - 4i)z + 9i = 0 is
i) an ellipse if k z1 z2 with z1 , z2 as its foci, k is
Sol: Given equation is
the length of major axis
i z z 3 4i z 3 4i z 9i 0
ii) an empty set if k z1 z2
z z i 3 4i z i 3 4i z 9 0
iii) a line segment if k z1 z2
z z 4 3i z i 4 3i z 9 0
Hyperbola: z z1 z z 2 k represents Now radius aa b
i) a hyperbola if k z1 z2 with z1 , z2 as its foci 4 3i 4 3i 9 25 9 4
and k is length of transversal axis 2 2
Area of the circle r 4 16
ii) an empty set if k z1 z2
W.E-22: The equation z i z i k representss
iii) two rays if k z1 z2 a hyperbola if
Sol: | z i | | z i | k represents hyperbola
W.E-19: If the lines az az b 0 and
If 0 k | z i z i | 0 k | 2i | 2
cz cz d 0 where b, d are real, are parallel
then, W.E-23: If i tan 1 z , and is a constant
then the locus of z is
a
Sol: Slope of az az b 0 is 1 Sol: Let z x iy , thus
a
i tan 1 x iy tan 1 z
c
Slope of az cz d 0 is 2 i tan 1 z
c
zz
Since the lines are parallel 1 2
2 tan 1 z tan 1 z tan 1
1 z z
a c
2x
a c ac ac tan 2
1 x 2 y 2 1 x y 2 x cot 2
2 2
ac is a purely real number Im ac 0 x 2 y 2 2 x cot 2 1
W.E-24: The number of solutions for z 3 z 0 is
W.E-20: If | z 2 | min | z 1|,| z 5 | Sol: Let z x iy then (EAM - 2014)
3
where z is a complex number then Re z is z 3 z 0 x iy x iy 0
Sol: Case(i): if | z 2 || z 1| when | z 1|| z 5 | x3 3xy 2 x i y 3 3x 2 y y 0
Then locus of z is perpendicular bisector of
x 3 3 xy 2 x 0
(2, 0) and (1, 0)
x 0 or x 2 3 y 2 1 0........ 1
3
Re z and y 3 3 x 2 y y 0
2
Case(ii): if | z 2 || z 5 | when y 0 or y 2 3x 2 1 0.......... 2
| z 5 || z 1| , z is perpendicular bisector of 1
by solving (1) , (2) x y
(2, 0) and (5, 0) 2
1 1
Re z
7 possible solutions are (0, 0) and 2 , 2
2 number of possible solutions = 5
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 9
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
Coni’s Theorem: If z1 , z2 , z3 are affixes of the W.E.26: If z1 , z2 , z3 are vertices of an equilateral triangle
vertices of a triangle ABC described in anticlock which is inscribed in a circle | z | 2 and if
wise sense, then
z1 1 i 3 , then z2 , z3 are respectively
z3 z1 z3 z1 i
e z2
z2 z1 z2 z1
C(z3) z3 /3 2
y 0 3
Sol:
B(z2)
z1
2
z2 i 1 i 3
A(z1) by coni theorem, e 3
z1 2
0 x
2 z2 z1 1 i 3
From diagram
z3 z1 CA
1 i 3 1 i 3 4 z 2 2
cos i sin 2
z2 z1 BA z3 i
3
1 i 3
similarly e
z2 2
z3 z1 z3 z1
(or) z z z z cos i sin
2 z3 2 1 i 3 z3 1 i 3
2 1 2 1
z3 z1 z3 z1 i DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM:
e
z2 z1 z2 z1 Demoivre’s theorem for integral index :
If n is an integer,then
n
W.E-25: The point represented by the complex i) cos i sin cos n i sin n cis n
number 2-i is rotated about origin through an n
ii) cos i sin cos n i sin n cis n
angle in the clockwise direction,what is n
2 iii) cos i sin cos n i sin n cis n
the new position of the point n
iv) cos i sin cos n i sin n cis n
Sol: Let z 2 i
z1 be the required complex number Demoivre’s theorem for rational index:
If n is a rational number, then one of the values of
z |z | i n
1 1 e 2 | z1 || z | 2 2 12 5
z |z| cos i sin is cos n i sin n
p
If n then one of the values of
q
z1 2 i cos i sin
2 2 p/ q p p
cos isin is cos i sin
q q
2 i 0 i 2i i 2 2i 1
10 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
Some Standard Results: vi) sin 2n sin 2n sin 2n 0
n n
i) a ib a ib 2r n cos n vii) cos 2 cos 2 cos2 3 / 2
n n
2ir n sin n viii) sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 3 / 2
ii) a ib a ib
ix) cos cos cos 0
1 b
where r a 2 b 2 , tan x) sin sin sin 0
a
For example: xi) cos 2 cos 2
n n n / 2 1 n cos 2 3
a) 1 i 1 i 2 cos
4
xii) sin 2 sin 2
n n n
b) 1 i 3 1 i 3 2 n 1
cos
3
sin 2 0
n
n n n If 1 x c0 c1 x c2 x2 .......... cn xn then
c) 3 i 3 i 2 n 1
cos
6
n
m/ n m/n i) c0 c2 c4 c6 .......... 2n / 2 cos
iii) a ib a ib 4
n
m /2 n m b ii) c1 c3 c5 c7 .......... 2n / 2 sin
2 a b 2 2
cos tan 1
n a
4
n
W.E-27: If a cis 2 , b cis 2 then cos is
1 cos i sin
cis n
2
iv) Sol: a cis 2 cis a cis
1 cos i sin
2
n b cis 2 cis b cis
1 sin i cos
v) cis n Hence
1 sin i cos 2
a b
vi) 1 cos i sin n 1 cos i sin n cis and cis
b a
n
2n 1 cos n .cos a b a b
2 2 2 cos
b a ab
vii) If x cis then,
ab
1 1 cos
a) x 2 cos , x 2i sin , 2 ab
x x
n 1 1 Extraction of nth roots of a Complex
b) x n
2 cos n , x n n 2i sin n
x x number: Let z x iy r cos i sin
If cos cos cos 0 sin sin sin then
z r cis 2k then
i) cos 3 cos3 cos3 3cos
1 1
ii) sin 3 sin 3 sin 3 3sin 2k
zn r n cis
; K 0,1, 2,...n 1
n
iii) cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 0
th
Note: Product of n roots of a complex number
iv) sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 0
n 1
‘z’ is 1 z
v) cos 2 n cos 2n cos 2 n 0
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 11
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
nth roots of Unity: The roots of the equation W.E-28: If be the nth root of unity then the sum
z n 1 0 are called n roots of unity denoted by
th
of the series 1 2 3 2 .... n n 1 is
2 Sol: Let S denote the sum of given series
i2
2 n1 where e n cis
1, , ,....
n S 1 2 3 2 43 ... n 1 n 2 n n1
th
i) n roots of unity form a G.P. with common ratio
S 2 2 33 ... n 2 n 2
2
i .
e n n 1 n1 n n
ii) The sum of nth roots of unity is zero
n1 2k S 1 1 2 ... n1 n n
i.e., cis n 0
k 0
1 n
a 1 r n
n1 n S
iii) The product of n roots of unity is 1
th
n n 1 r
1
n 1 2k n 1
i.e., cis 1
k 0 n S 1 n n n
1
iv) The sum of Pth powers of nth roots of unity is
n
zero, if P is not a multiple of n S
1
v) The sum of Pth powers of nth roots of unity is n,
if P is a multiple of n Cube roots of unity: The roots of the
vi) Modulus of each of nth roots of unity is 1 and all equation z 3 1 0 are called cube roots of unity
the nth roots of unity lie on unit circle centre at
origin and they are equally spaced at the centre of
z 3 1 z 1 z 2 z 1 0
2 z 1, , 2 are roots, where
the circle with angular distance radians.They
n
will be vertices of a ‘n’ sided regular polygon 1 i 3 2 1 i 3
,
vii) The length of side of polygon 2 2
i) 1 2 0 and 1
3
i i1 2 sin
n
ii) 3n 1 , 3n1 , 3n 2 2 and
n 2
viii) The area of polygon 2 sin n
3n 3n 1 3n 2 0 where n N
ix) If z1 , z2 ,....zn be the vertices of a regular polygon iii)
2 , 2
having n sides & z0 be it s centroid 2
2 2 2 2
iv) 2 ,
then z1 z2 .... zn n. z0
v) 2 1 3i , 2 2 1 3i
Note: If 1, 1 , 2 , 3.... n 1 are nth roots of unity then
vi) 2i 3 i , 2i 2 3 i
i) 1 1 1 ... 1 n
1 2 3 n1
ii) 1 1 1 2 1 3 ... 1 n1 vii) Cube roots of unity lie on a circle z 1 and divide
its circumference into a three equal parts
1, If n is odd
viii) In the Argand plane cube roots of unity form an
0, If n is even
1 1 1 n 1 3 3
... equilateral triangle with area sq. units
iii) 1 1 1 2 1 n1 2 4
12 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
Use of Complex Cube roots of unity in 3. The smallest positive integer n for which
factorization: 2n 2n
1 i 1 i is
i) x 2 y 2 x iy x iy 1) 4 2) 8 3) 2 4) 12
ii)
2
x x 1 x x 2
CONJUGATE OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
4. The multiplicative inverse of z is
iii)
x 2 xy y 2 x y x y 2 z z z z
1) z 2 2) z 2 3) z 4) z
iv) x 2 xy y 2 x y x y 2
5. If z z 0 then
v) x3 y3 x y x y x 2 y
1) Im z 0 2) Re z 0
vi) x 2 y 2 z 2 xy yz zx
3) Im z 1 4) Re z 1
x y z 2 x y 2 z 6. z z 0 if and only if
3 3
vii) x y z 3xyz 3
1) Re z 0 2) z 0
x y z x y 2 z x 2 y z 3) Im z 0 4) Re z Im z
3 i 101 103
W.E.29: If z
2
then i101 z equals to 7. The conjugate of z 2 z is
1) 2 z z 2) z 2 z
3 i
Sol: Given z z i 2 3) z 2 z 4) 2z z
2
103 101 103 8. The complex number z = 1 + i represented by
i101
z101 i101 i 2 the point P in argand plane and OP is rotated
i i
103
i103 2
103
i 2 i 2 z
an angle of in counter clock wise direction
2
Fourth roots of unity: The roots of the then the resulting complex number is
equation z 4 1 0 are called fourth roots of unity.. 1) z 2) z 3) z 4) z
i) The roots are 1, i 9. log a ib when a>0, b<0 is
ii) Sum of 4th roots of unity is 0 1 b
iii) Product of 4th roots of unity is 1 1) log a 2 b 2 i tan 1
2 a
iv) In the complex plane the roots form a square.
1 b
2) log a 2 b 2 i tan 1
Conceptual 2 a
COMPLEX NUMBERS 1 b
log a 2 b 2 i tan 1
3)
AND THEIR PROPERTIES 2 a
1. i n i n1 i n 2 i n3 , when n N is equal to 1 b
4) log a 2 b 2 i tan 1
1) 1 2) -1 3) 0 4) 2 2 a
2. z1 a ib and z2 c id are two complex
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
numbers then z1 z2 is meaningful if
1) a > c and b > d 2) a+c > b + d
10. Im z z
3) a = c = o and b > d 4) a > c and b = d = o 1) 1 2) 0 3) -1 4) can’t say
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 13
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
11. If | z | 1 then | z z |2 is 21. log i i
1) 4 2) 2 3) 0 4) 1
12. The minimum value of z z 1 is 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
GEOMETRICAL APPLICATIONS
SQUARE ROOT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 22. If a, b, c are real and a + b + c = 0
13. (for at least one of a, b, c non zero )
3 75
1) 15 2) 15i 3) -15 4) -15i and az1 bz 2 cz3 0 then z1 , z2 , z3 are
14. 8 6i = 1) vertices of equilateral triangle
2) vertices of an isosceles triangle
1) 3 4i 2) 3 2i 3) 3 i 4) 3 4i 3) vertices of right angled triangle
ARGUMENT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 4) collinear points
15. If z1 , z2 are two complex numbers such that 23. Let z1 and z2 be two non - zero complex
z1 z2 and arg z1 arg z2 0 then z1 , z2 are z1 z2
numbers such that z z 1 , then the origin
1) equal 2) not equal 2 1
3) conjugate to each other and points represented by z1 and z2
4) need not be conjugate 1) lie on a straight line 2) form a right triangle
16. If z1 , z 2 and z3 , z 4 are two pairs of conjugate 3) from an equilateral triangle
4) form an isosceles triangle
z1 z 2 24. The necessary and sufficient condition for the
complex numbers, then arg z arg z
4 3 points z1 and z 2 represented by P,Q are such
equals that OP is perpendicular to OQ is
3 1) z1 z2 z1 z2 0 2) z1 z2 z1 z2 0
1) 0 2) 3) 4)
2 2 3) z1 z2 z1 z2 0 4) z1 z2 z1 z2 0
MODULUS AMPLITUDE FORM 25. The region represented by z a z a 4a
is .....
17. If z 2, Arg z then z= 1) Ellipse 2) Parabola
6
3) Interior of Ellipse 4) Outer of Ellipse
1) 3 i 2) 3i 3) 1 3i 4) 1 3i
26. The equation z i z i k represents a
18. For a < 0, arg ia is hyperbola if
1) –3 < k < 2 2) k > 2 3) 0 < k < 2 4) k > 4
1) 2) 3) 4) 27. The equation z i z i k, k > 0, can
2 2
represent an ellipse if k2 is
19. The value of e 2 i is
1) < 1 2) < 2 3) > 4 4) < 3
1) e cos1 i sin1 2) e 2 cos1 i sin1 28. If z = x+iy and z ai z ai then the locus
3) cos1 i sin1 4) e 2 cos1 i sin1 of z is
1) x - axis 2) y - axis 3) x = y 4) x 2 y 2 1
LOGARITHEM OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
20. Let m be a Positive real number then log(-m)= 29. The curve represented by
2
Im z c c 0 is
1) log m i 2) log m i 1) circle 2) hyperbola 3) ellipse
2 2
3) log m i 4) log m i 4) rectangular hyperbola
14 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
z 1 nth ROOTS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
30. If Arg then the locus of z is
z 1 2 36. If z1 and z2 are two nth roots of unity, then
1) circle with radius 2 2) circle with radius 1
3) straight line 4) pair of lines z
arg 1 is a multiple of
31. If z ¹ 0 then the area of the quadrilateral z2
formed by the points z, z,- z,- z is 3 2
1) n 2) 3) 4)
1) z
2
2) 4 z
2 2
3) z + z
2 2
4) z - z
2 n n n
37. Let p be a multiple of n and let 1, , n 1
DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM be the nth roots of unity. Then the value of
p p
1 p 2 n 1
3 5
cos 2 i sin 2 cos 3 i sin 3
32. 2 3
cos 3 i sin 3 cos 4 i sin 4 1) n 2) 1 3) 2 n 4) n 2
38. Let p be not multiple of n and let
1) 0 2) cis 27
1, , n 1 be the nth roots of unity. Then
3) cis 27 4) cis 27 p p
the value of 1 p 2 n 1
33. The value of
n n
1) 0 2) 2 n
3) n 2 4) 2 n 2
1 cos i sin 1 cos i sin
39. The product of all the values of 11/ 4 is
n n n n 1 n 1) 1 2) 2 3) -1 4) -2
1) 2 .cos .cos 2) 2 .cos .cos
2 2 2 2 CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
n 1 n n n n 40. If , are the complex cube roots of unity
3) 2 .cos .cos 4) 2 .cos .cos
2 2 2 2 1
100
34. If n is an integer and then 100 100
100
n n
1) -1 2) 1 3) 4) 0
1 i 3 1 i 3 2n 1 cos then
2 2 2 2
41. a b a b
b a 2
n n n n
1) 2) 3) 4) 1) 6ab 2) 3ab 3) 12ab 4) ab
3 2 4 6
42. If is a cube root of unity and ‘n’ is a positive
35. Let n be a positive integer. Then the value of
integer satisfying 1 n 2 n 0 then ‘n’ is
1/ n 1/ n
a ib a ib of the type
1
1) 3m 2) 3m + 1 3) 3m + 3 4) 2m + 3
1 1 b
1) 2 a b
2
2 2n
cos tan
n a
43. If a cos
4
i sin
4
then the value of
3 3
1
b 3n
1 a is
2) 2 a2
b
2 n
cos tan 1
a
n
1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 1
1
1 b
3) 2 a
2
b
2 n
cos tan 1
n a 1 3i
3n
1 3i
3n
44. The value of
2 2
2 n 1 1 b
4) 2 a b cos tan
2
1) 0 2) i 3) 2 4) 1
n a
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 15
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
Conceptual - KEY
18. arg ia
1) 3 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2 5) 2 6) 2 7) 2 2
8) 3 9) 3 10) 2 11)1 12) 2 13) 3 14) 3 19. e 2 i e 2ei e 2 cos1 i sin1
15) 3 16) 1 17) 2 18) 2 19) 2 20) 3 21) 1
20. log ( m )( 1) log( m ) log e i
22) 4 23) 3 24) 3 25) 3 26) 3 27) 3 28) 1
i
29) 4 30) 2 31) 4 32) 2 33) 3 34) 1 35) 1 21. i log i i
2 2
36) 3 37) 1 38) 1 39) 3 40) 4 41) 1 42) 2
22. az1 bz2 cz3 0
43) 4 44) 3
az1 bz2 a b z3 0
Conceptual - HINTS
1. Put n = 1 verify az1 bz2
z3
2. z1 z2 a ib c id is meaning ful of b = d = ab
0 and a > c z1 , z2 , z3 are collinear
n n
3. 2i 2i , at n = 4 23. z12 z22 z1 z2
1 z z
Hence z1 , z2 , z3 form an equilateral triangle
4. Multiplicative inverse of z is z z z z 2
Q(z2)
5. let z x iy z x iy
6. let z x iy x 2 y 2 0
7. z 2z z 2z 24.
8. New position = 1 i i 1 i z
O
P(z1)
1 b
9. log a ib log a 2 b 2 i tan1
2 a
Slope of OP + Slop of OQ = 0
if b < 0
z1 z2
10. z z | z |2 is a real number im z z 0 0
z1 z2
11. | z z |2 2 | z |2 2 Re | z |2 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 0
2 1 2 1 4 25. | z1 z2 || a a | 2a 4a
The locus of z is interior of ellipse
12. z z 1 z z 1 1
26. | z1 z2 || i i | 2
2
locus of z is hyperbola if 2 > k and k > 0
13. a b 1 ab ab
27. k | z1 z2 || i i | 2
14. Using square root formula
28. let z x iy
15. arg z1 arg z2 and | z1 || z2 | z1 z 2
2 2
z ai z ai
2
z1 z 2 | z1 |
16. arg z z arg | z |2 = arg ( +ve real) = 0 y0
3 4 3
29. let z x iy Im x 2 y 2 2ixy 0
where z2 z1 , z4 z3
30. Locus of z is a circle having (-1, 0) and (1, 0) as its
i
17. z rei 2e 3 i 3
ends of diameter
16 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
-z (-x, y) z (x, y) LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-I
2x INTEGRAL POWERS OF ‘i’
31. 1. The value of i2 i 4 i6 2n 1 terms =
2x 1) -1 2) 0 3) - i 4) i
-z (-x, -y) z (x, -y) n
2i
2 2.
area 2 x 2 y 4 xy | z 2 z | n 0 3
(cis 6 )(cis (15 )) 9 6i 9 6i
cis 27 1) 2) 3) 9 + 6 i 4) 9 - 6 i
32. 13 13
cis (6 ) cis (12 )
200 50
k
33. 1 cos 2 cos / 2 2
3. If i i p x iy then x, y is
k 0 p 1
sin 2 sin / 2 cos / 2 1) (0,1) 2) (1,-1) 3) (2,3) 4) (4,8)
34. Put n = 1and verify 2 3
4. The value of 1 1 i 1 i 1 i
35. let a ib r cos i sin 1) 0 2) 5 i 3) 4 i 4) 3 i
a ib r cos i sin 1 i 1 i
8n 8n
5. n N , 2 2
2 b 2 1
where r a b , tan
a 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) -2
n 2k ALGEBRAIC PROPERTIES OF
36. 1 cis , k= 0, 1, 2......n-1 COMPLEX NUMBERS
n
6. The condition for the cube of a + ib to be a real
2 number is
Let z1 1, z2 cis
n
1) a 0 or a 3b 2) a 0 or b 3a
37. Let p = nk
nk nk 3) b 0 or b 3a 4) b 0 or a 3b
1 nk 2 ........ n 1
7. If z =3+5i, then z 3 z 198 ...
n n
2k n
1 k
........ n 1k
1) -3-15i 2) -3 + 15i 3) 3 - 15i 4) 3 + 15i
1 + 1 + 1 + .......+ 1 ( n times ) = n x 3i
8. If 1 i then the value of 5 x 7 y 2
38. p nk , k z 2 iy
p p 1) 1 2) 0 3) 2 4) 4
1 p 2 .... n 1 0
9. If x iy 2 cis 3 then x 2 y 2 4 x 3
n1 3
39. Product of roots = 1 1 1 1) 0 2) 1 3) 3 4) 4
10. The non zero Complex number Z satisfying
40. , 2
Z iZ 2 is
41. Put a = b = 1, verify 1) i 2) i 3) 1 i 4) 1 i
2
42. 1 n n 0 , if n is not a multiple of 3 CONJUGATE OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
1
1 3i 11. The conjugate of a complex number is then
43. a 2 ; 1 a i 1
2 2
the complex number is (AIEEE 2008)
1 3i 1 3i 1 1 1 1
44. ; 2 1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2 i 1 i 1 i 1 i 1
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 17
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
100
1 2i 20. If 1 i 249 x iy then x 2 y 2
12. The complex number lies in the
1 i 1) 0 2) 4 3) 8 4) 16
Quadrant number
1) I 2) II 3) III 4) IV lz 2
21. If mz is purely imaginary number then
13. If sin x i cos 2 x , cos x i sin 2 x are 1
conjugate to each other then x = z1 z2
z1 z2 is equal to
1) n , n I 2) n 1 , n I
2
l
3) 4) 2n 1 , n I 1) 2)
3)
4) 1
m
14. Z1 , Z 2 are two complex numbers such that
22. The minimum value of z z 1 z 2 is
Z1 Z 2 is a complex number and Z1Z 2 is real 1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4
number then 23. If | z 2i | 2 , then the greatest value of
1) Z 2 Z1 2) Z1 Z 2 3) Z1 Z 2 4) Z1Z 2 1
| z 3 i | is
15. The real value of ' ' , for which the expression
1) 3 2) 5 3) 1 4) 4
1 i cos
is a real number is 4
1 2i cos 24. If z 2 , then the maximum value of z is
z
3 3
1) 2n ,n I 2) 2n ,n I 1) 5 2) 5 1 3) 5 1 4) 1 5
2 2
25. If z1 1 2, z2 2 1, then z1 z2
3) 2n ,n I 4) 2n ,n I
1) >1 2) >2 3) <2 4) <6
2 4
SQUARE ROOT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER ARGUMENT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
3 4i 3 4i 26. If z1 and z2 are two non-zero complex numbers
16.
3 4i 3 4i such that | z1 z 2 || z1 | | z 2 | , then
1) 2i 2) 2 3) - 2i 4) -2 arg z1 arg z2 is equal to
3 4i 2
17. If x + iy = then 169 x 2 y 2 1) 0 2) 3) 4)
5 12i 2 2
1) 5 2) 10 3) 25 4) 50 2
27. The principal amplitude of 2 i 1 2i is in
4 2
18. Im a i a a 1 the interval
a2 a 1 a2 a 1 1) 0, 2 2) 2 , 0 3) , 2 4) 2 , 2
1) 2)
2 2
28. If z1 z2 and arg z1 arg z2 , then
1 2 1 2 2
3) a a 1 4) a a 1
2 2 1) z1z2 is purely real
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 2) z1z2 is purely imaginary
19. If a1 ib1 a2 ib2 an ibn A iB then
3) z1 z2 2 is purely real
a 1
2
b1
2
a 2
2 2
b2 an bn
2 2
1) A B 2 2 2) A B 3) A B
2 2 3) A B
1
4) arg z1 arg z2
1
2
18 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
GEOMETRICAL APPLICATIONS
29. If and are arguments of z1 and z 2 then 36. The points 9 + i , 4 + 13i , -8 + 8i, -3-4i in the
3 4
Argand diagram represent a
the value of arg z1 z2 is (EAM -2010) 1) rhombus 2) square
5 7 3) rectangle 4) parallelogram
1) 2) 3) 4) 37. Vector z 3 4i is rotated at 1800 angle in anti
12 12 12 12
clock wise direction and its length is increased
MODULUS-AMPLITUDE FORM to two and half times. In new position z is
30. The mod - amp form of 1 cos i sin is 15 15
1) 10i 2) 10i
2 2
1) cos cis 2) 2 cos cis
2 2 2 2 15
3) 15 10i 4) 10i
3) 3 cos cis 4) 4 cos cis 2
2 2 2 2
2 i 6 2 i 2 2 i 56
3 38. Let A e , B e , C e be
31. If then the modulus argument 3 3 3
2 2
three points forming a triangle ABC in the
form 1 cos 2 i sin 2 is Gussain plane then triangle ABC is
1) equilateral 2) isosceles
1) 2 cos cos i sin
3) scalene 4) Right angled
2) 2 cos cos i sin 39. The area of the triangle whose vertices are
represented by o, z, z e i 0 equals
3) 2 cos cos i sin
1 2 1 2
4) 2 cos cos i sin 1) | z | cos 2) | z | sin
2 2
32. The mod - amp form of 1 i 2 is 1 2 1 2
3) | z | SinCos 4) | z |
1) 2
3 cis tan 1 1
2) cis tan 2 2 2
40. Area of triangle formed by the vertices z , z
3) 3 cis tan 2
1
4) cis tan 1 2 4
and z z is , is complex cube roots
3
LOGARITHM OF COMPLEX NUMBER
of unity then | z | is
33. log log i =
4 3 4
1) 1 2) 3) 4)
1) log 2) log i 3 4 3
2 2
41. The number of complex numbers z such that
i | z 1| | z 1| | z i | is (AIEEE-2010)
3) log 4) log i
2 2 2 2 1) infinitely many 2) 0 3) 1 4) 2
a ib
34. tan i log a ib LOCUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
42. If Re z 2 0 then the locus of z is
2 2
2ab a b 2ab 1) circle 2) parabola
1) ab 2) 3) 4)
a b2
2
ab a b2
2
3) pair of lines 4) pair of perpendicular lines
43. The locus of the point z=x+iy satisfying the
1 i 3
35. log 1 i 3 z 1
equation 1 is given by
z 1
2
1) i 2) i 3) i 4) 2i 1) x=0 2) y=0 3) x = y 4) x+y=0
3 3 3 3
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 19
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
zi 53. If p cos 2 i sin 2 , q cos 2 i sin 2
44. If Im 0 then the locus of z is
2i p q
1) x-axis 2) y- axis then the value of
q p
3) the line x=y 4) the line x y 1 =0
1) 2cos 2) 2sin
45. If z 2 3i 5 then the locus of z is
3) 2i sin 4) 2i sin
1) a circle with centre 2,3 and radius 25
2) a circle with centre 2, 3 and radius 25 a 3b 3
54. If a cis , b cis , c cis then
c2
3) a circle with centre 2,3 and radius 5
1) cis 3 3 2 2) cis 3 3 2
4) a circle with centre 2, 3 and radius 5
3) cis 3 3 2 4) cis 3 3 2
z 1
46. If Arg then the locus of z is 55. If x cis , y cis , z cis and
z 1 2
1) circle with radius 2 2) circle with radius 1 1 1 1
3) straight line 4) pair of lines x y z 0 then
x y z
47. If ‘p’ represents z = x + iy in the Argand plane
2 2
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 0
and z 1 z 1 4 then the locus of ‘p’ is
z 2n 1
56. If z cos i sin then the value of
z 2n 1
1) x 2 y 2 2 2) x 2 y 2 1
1) i tan n 2) tan n
3) x 2 y 2 4 4) x 2 y 2 3
3) i cot n 4) i tan n
48. If z = x +iy is a complex number satisfying
1 i
2 2 57. One value of 1 i 2 is 4 2e 8 the other value is
i i
z z , then the locus of ‘z’ is ...
2 2 i i 5i 9 i
1) 4
2e 8 2) 4
2e8 3) 4
2e 8 4) 4
2e 8
1) x - axis 2) y - axis 3) y = x 4) 2y = x
49. In Argand diagram all the complex numbers z 1 1
satisfying z 4i z 4i 10 lie on a 58. If 2cos x , 2 cos y ,
x y
1) straight line 2) circle 3) ellipse 4) parabola
1 1
50. If z + z + z - z = 2 ,then z lies on 2 cos z then xyz
z xyz
1) A strainght line 2) A square
3) A circle 4) Parabola 1) cos 2) 2cos
51. If z is a complex number, then z 2 z 2 2 3) sin 4) 2sin
represents
1) a circle 2) a straight line 59. If xn cos / 4 n i sin / 4 n , then
3) a hyperbola 4) an ellipse
x1 .x2 . x3 .........
DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM
52. 3 cos 400 i sin 400 4 cos800 i sin 800 1 i 3 1 i 3
1) 2)
2 2
1) 1 3i 2) 2 1 3i
1 i 3 1 i 3
3) 4)
3) 4 1 3i 4) 6 1 3i 2 2
20 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
60. The continued product of the four values of 68. If 1 is a cube root of unity and
3
4 1
7
A B , then A and B aree
cos i sin is .........
3 3 respectively the numbers
1) 1 2) -1 3) 2 4) 0 1) 0, 1 2) 1, 1 3) 1, 0 4) -1, 1
69. If is a non-real root of x 6 1 then
61. If then the 10th term of the series
6 5 3 1
=
1
1 cos i sin cos i sin ....
2 2 1
1) 2 2) 0 3) - 2 4)
1 3i
1) -1
2) -i 4) 1 3) LEVEL-I: EXERCISE-I - KEY
2 2
62. The no.of common roots of 15th roots of unity 1) 1 2) 1 3) 2 4) 2 5) 3 6) 3 7) 4
which are also 25th the roots of unity is 8) 2 9) 1 10) 2 11) 3 12) 2 13) 3 14) 2
1) 4 2) 3 3) 5 4) 2 15) 3 16) 3 17) 3 18) 2 19) 2 20) 2 21) 4
63. The common values of 6th roots of unity and 22) 3 23) 4 24) 2 25) 4 26) 1 27) 3 28) 2
cube roots of unity are 29) 2 30) 2 31)1 32) 3 33) 3 34) 2 35) 2
1 i 3 1 i 3 1 i 3 1 i 3 36) 2 37) 2 38) 1 39) 2 40) 4 41) 3 42) 4
1) 1, , 2) 1, ,
2 2 2 2 43) 1 44) 2 45) 4 46) 2 47) 2 48)1 49) 3
1 3i 1 3i 1 3i 1 3i 50) 2 51) 3 52) 4 53) 3 54) 2 55) 4 56) 1
3) 1, , 4) 1, ,
57) 4 58) 2 59) 1 60) 1 61) 2 62) 3 63) 1
2 2 2 2
64) 2 65) 1 66) 4 67) 3 68) 2 69) 3
CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
64. If is a complex cube root of unity then the LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-I - HINTS
1. n =1,and verify
value of 1 1 2 1 4 1 8 ...2n
a 2i
terms = 2. Expand, S ,where a 1 ,and r
1 r 3
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 3
65. If is a complex cube root of unity then 3. 1 i i 2
i3 ........i 200 ii2i3 .....i50
1 0 i3 1 i
sin 10 23 (EAM- 2008)
4
4. 1 1 i 2i 2i 2 5i
1 1 3
1) 2) 3) 1 4) 5. put n 0 and verify
2 2 2 3
6. Let a ib x + iy
66. If x x 1 0 ,
2 then the value of
2 2 2 a 3 3ab 2 i 3a 2b b 3 x + iy
1 2 1 27 1
x x 2 .... x 27 is y=0
x x x
b 3a 2 b 2 0
1) 27 2) 72 3) 45 4) 54
15 15 b 0 or b 3a
1 i 3 1 i 3 7. Find z3 and substite in z 3 z 198
67. 20 20 is equal to
1 i 1 i 8. x 3i 1 i 2 iy 2 y i y 2
1) 132 2) 64 3) - 64 4) -132 equating real & imaginary parts
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 21
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
9. put 0 then x iy 3 3 4 4 4 4 4
24. z z z z z z z 2 z
x 1, y 0
2 2
1 z 2 z 4 z 1 5
10. z 1 iz 0 z i z 0
i
z 5 1
1 1 1
11. conjugate of 25. z1 z2 z1 1 z2 2 3
i 1 1 i 1 i
12. Rationalising and convert into a + ib form z1 1 z2 2 3
13. sin x i cos 2 x cos x i sin 2 x
z1 z2 2 1 3 6
sin x i cos 2 x cos x i sin 2 x
26. z1 z2 z1 z 2
sin x cos x | cos 2 x sin 2 x
no value for x arg z1 arg z2 0
14. z1 z2 is a real z1 z2 (or) z1 z2 but z1 z2 27. (2 i )(1 2i )2 10 5i
is a complex number x, y 10, 5 Q3
z1 z2
28. arg z1 z2 z1 z 2 is purely imaginary
1 i cos 1 2i cos 2
15. is real number
1 4cos2
3cos 0 cos 0 29. arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z2
3 4 12
16. Using square root formula
3 4i 2 i and 3 4i 2 i 30. 1 cos i sin 2cos2 / 2 i 2sin cos
2 2
17. Using square root formula
3
3 4i 2 i and 5 12i 3 2i 31.
2 2 2 2
18. Put a 1 and find square root
19. Taking modulus to both sides.
1
32. | z | 3, arg z tan 2
20. |1 i |100 249 | x iy |
33. log i i
100
2
2 2 49 x 2 y 2
log log i log i log i log
2 2
2 x2 y 2
lz2 z2 imy i log
21. Let mz iy then z l 2 2
1 1
a ib 1 b
22. Critical points are z = 0, 1, 2 34. log 2i tan
a ib a
min f z min f (0), f (1), f (2)
i 3
1 i 3 e
23. z 3 i z 2i 3 i 35. log 1 i 3 log
e 3
z 2i 3 i
i 23 2 i
log e
z 2i 3 i 2 2 4 3
22 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
36. A 9,1 , B 4,13 , x i y 1
44. Im 0
2i
C 8,8 , D 3, 4
Verification by lengths of sides. ix y 1
Im 0
2
25
45. | x 2 i y 3 | 5
37. z2 2 ei (by Coni’s theorem) 2 2
z1 5 x 2 y 3 25
46. Locus of z is a circle having (-1,0) and (1, 0) as its
5 ends of diameter
z 2 3 4i (-1)
2 47. let z x iy
Then | x 1 iy |2 | x 1 iy |2 4
2 i 6 3 i 2i 3 i
38. A e , B ,C 2 2
3 3 3 3 21 2 1
48. z = x + iy x y x y
Now | A B || B C || C A | 2 2 2
2y 0 y 0
triangle is equilateral
49. | z1 z2 | | 4i 4i | 8 10
0
then locus of z is ellipse
50. z + z + z - z = 2
39. Û x + y = 1, Û z lies on square
51. Let z x iy , then
A(z) B(zeia)
2 2
z 2 z 2 2 x iy x iy 2
Area of the triangle OAB
x2 y 2 1
1
= OA OB sin
2 52. 3cis 40 4cis80 12cis120
o o o
1 p cos i sin cis
= z zei sin
2 53.
q cos i sin cis
2
z a 3b3 cis3 cis3
= sin cis 3 3 2
2 54.
c2 cis 2
3 4 4 1 1 1
40. area | z |2 | z | 55.
4 3 3 x y z
41. A 1, 0 , B 1, 0 , C 0, 1 form a triangle, cis cis cis 0
hence z is circumcentre of ABC n 1
z 2n 1 z z n
42. let z x iy
56. z 2 n 1 1
zn n
Re ( z 2 ) 0 x 2 y 2 0 z
43. put z x iy cis n cis n
i tan n
then | x 1 iy || x 1 iy | cis n cis n
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 23
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
1/ 2
4 8k LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-II
57. 2 cis 4 2 cis
4 8
INTEGRAL POWERS OF i
where k 0,1
1. The value of i i 3 i 5 ......2n terms
58. x cis , y cis , z cis 1) 1 2) 1 3) 0 4) i
13
1 1 1
59. x1 x2 x3 ........ cis 1 2 3 .....
4 4 4
2. i
n 1
n
i n 1
1) i 2) i-1 3) -i 4) 0
3
6k
60. k 0 cis 3. If n is any positive integer, then the value of
4
i 4n 1 i 4n 1
7 13 19 equals
cis 2
4 4 4 4 1) 1 2) -1 3) i 4) -i
cis 10 1 4. If ‘n’ is an odd integer, then
9 1 i 6n 1 i 6n is equal to
61. T10 cos i sin substitute 1) 0 2) 2 3) -2 4) 2i
6
62. G..C.D of {15,25} ALGEBRAIC PROPERTIES OF
63. Common roots are the roots of cube roots of unity COMPLEX NUMBERS
64. Put n = 1 and verify
5. If 2i 1 ai then a=
65. w10 w, w23 w2 1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1
2
66. x or 6. If z 2 i 3 then z 4 4 z 2 8 z 35 is
G.E = 1) 6 2) 0 3) 1 4) 2
2
1 2 1 3 1
2 2
1/ 3 x y
7. If x iy a ib then
2 3 ........ a b
= (1 + 1 + 4 ) 9 = 54 1) a 2 b 2 2) 2 a 2 b 2
67. Use 1 i 3 2
3) 3 a 2 b 2 4) 4 a 2 b 2
1 i 3 2 2 8. The real and imaginary parts of
(1 i )2 2i 2
a ib a ib
2
are
(1 i) 2 2i a ib a ib
68. 2 7
A B 8 ab a 2 b 2 8ab a 2 b 2
1) 1, 2 2) 0, 2
1 A B a 2
b2 a 2
b2
A 1 , B 1
8ab a 2 b 2 8ab a 2 b 2
69. 6 1 0 3) 0, 2 4) 1, 2
a 2 b2 a 2
b2
1 5 4 3 2 1 0
x
5 4 3 2
9. The integral solution of 1 i 2 x is
1 0 1
1) x = 1 2) x = -1 3) x = 2 4) x = 0
24 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
x
1 i i
10. 1 is (EAM-2014) 19. Let z a 2 ; a R , then | i z |2 | i z |2
1 i
1) x 2n, n N 2) x 4n 1, n N 1) 2 2) -2 3) 4 4) -4 (EAM-2011)
3) x 2n 1, n N 4) x 4n, n N 20. If z z 1 2i then z=
CONJUGATE OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 3 3
1) 2 i 2) 2i 3) 3 4i 4) 3 4i
11. If Z 3 4i is turned 900 in anti clock direction 2 2
then new position of Z is 21. The minimum value of | z 1| | z 3 | is
1) 3 4i 2) 4 3i 3) 4 3i 4) 3 4i 1) 4 2) 2 3) 0 4) 3
12. Z1 , Z 2 are complex numbers such that 22. If z 3 2 then the maximum value of z 2
is
Z1 Z 2 , Z1Z 2 are real numbers then
1) 3 2) 5 3) 7 4) 9
1) z2 z1 2) z1 z2 23. If | z 4 | 3 , then the maximum value of
3) z1 z2 0 4) z1 2 z2 0 | z 1| is (AIEEE 2007)
13. The number of solutions of the equation 1) 4 2) 10 3) 6 4) 0
z 2 z is 24. If z 2 2i = 1, then the least value of z is
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
1) 8 1 2) 6 1 3) 6 1 4) 8 1
1 i cos
14. If is purely imaginary then = 25. The maximum value of
1 2i cos
3 z 9 7i if z 2 i 5 is
1) 2n , n I 2) 2n , n I 1) 10 2) 15 3) 20 4) 5
2 2
ARGUMENT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
3) 2n , n I 4) n , n I 26. If arg z 0 , then arg z arg z is equals to
2 4
SQUARE ROOT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 2
15. The square root of 4ab 2i a 2 b 2
27. If z1 z2 z1 z2 then the difference
1) a b i a b 2) a b i a b
between the arguments of z1 and z2 is
3) a b i a b 4) a b i a b
16. If a ib i then 1) 0 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4
1) a 0, b 0 2) a 0, b 0 2
3) a b 4) a b z
1 i 3
28. If then z and arg z are
4i 1 i 3
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
17. a, b, c, d R are such that a 2 b 2 4 and 1 1 1
2 2
1) 1, , 3) ,
2) 4) ,
c 2 d 2 2 and if a ib c id x iy 2 2 8 2 4 2
29. For n an integer, the argument of
then x 2 y 2 (EAM-2012) 4 n 1
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 z
3 i
4n is
5 z1 2 z1 3z2 1 i 3
18. If 7 z is purely imaginary then 2 z 3 z
2 1 2 2
1) 5/7 2) 7/5 3) 1 4) 3/5 1) 2) 3) 4)
6 3 2 3
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 25
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
MODULUS-AMPLITUDE FORM LOCUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
30. The mod- amp form of -4i is 38. If Im z 2 1 then the locus of z is
1) parabola 2) hyperbola
1) cis 2) 2cis 3) 3cis 4) 4cis 3) rectangular hyperbola 4) ellipse
2 2 2 2
31. The principal mod-amp form of 2 3 i is 39. If z 2 1 | z |2 1 , then z lies on (EAM-2013)
1) the real axis 2) an ellipse
5
1)
6 2 cis
12
2) 2 3cis
12
3) a circle 4) the imaginary axis
40. The locus of z satisfying the inequality
5 5
3) 3 2cis 4) 2 2cis z 2i
12 12 1 , where x x iy is (EAM-2009)
2z i
LOGARITHM OF A COMPLEX NUMBER 1) x 2 y 2 1 2) x 2 y 2 1
1 i
32. The value of log is 3) x 2 y 2 1 4) 2 x 2 3 y 2 1
1 i
z 1
41. If is purely imaginary then
1) 0 2) i 3) i 4) 1 z 1
2 2
1) z 1 2) z 1 3) z 1 4) z 2
33. If m is a -ve real number then log mi is
42. If z 2 2 Re z then the locus of z is
1) log m i 2) log m i
2 2 1) a circle x 2 y 2 2 x 0
2) a circle x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 0
3) log m i 4) log m i
2 2
3) a circle x 2 y 2 2 x 0
GEOMETRICAL APPLICATIONS 4) a circle x 2 y 2 0
34. The complex numbers z1 , z2 and z3 satisfying 43. In the Argand diagram P denotes z.
z1 z3 1 i 3 z 4i
are the vertices of a triangle If 2 then the locus of P is
z2 z3 2 z2
which is 1) The perpendicular bisector of P1 P2 where
1) of area zero 2) right-angled isosceles
3) equilateral 4) obtuse-angled isosceles P1 4i and P2 2
35. If A,B,C represents complex numbers 2) a line perpendicular to PP
1 2
cutting it in the
Z1 , Z 2 , Z1 Z 2 then the diagram OACB is ratio 2 : 1
1) Parallelogram 2)Rectangle 3) a circle 4) a line parallel to PP
1 2
3) Square 4) Rhombus
36. The area of the triangle with vertices 44.
If arg z 2 3i then the locus of z is
4
z, iz, z iz is 50 then z =
1) stright line 2) an ellipse
1) 0 2) 5 3) 10 4) 15 3) a circle 4) a parabola
37. If z1 and z2 are purely real then
45. If z x iy, 3 z 1 3 z 2 and then locus of
z1 , z2 , z1 , z2 form z is
1) Parallelogram 2) square 1) x = 0 2) x 2 y 2 3
3) rhombus 4) straight line
3) x = y 4) 6x = 7
26 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
46. If the equation z z1 2 z z2 2 k represent
the equation of a circle, where 54. If xr cis r , r 1, 2,3...... then
3
z1 2 3i , z 2 4 3i are the extremities of a
x1 .x2 .x3 ........
diameter, then the value of k is
1) 1/4 2) 4 3) 2 4) 1 1) 1 2) -1 3) i 4) i
55. The number of common roots of the equations
47. The equation z 1 i z i 1 represents a 3
x 1 0 and x 6 1 0 is
1) striaght line 2) circle
3) parabola 4) hyperbola 1) 0 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1
48. The points in the 56. The common roots of equations x12 1 0
z2 and x 4 x 2 1 0 are
z C : Arg
z 6i 2 1) 2) 2 3) , 2 4) , 2
lie on the curve which is a (where C denotes
the set of all complex numbers) (EAM-2008) CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
1) Circle 2) Pair of Straight lines 57. If is a complex cube root of unity, then the
3) Parabola 4) Hyperbola value of the expression
z i 1(2 )(2 2 ) 2(3 )(3 2 ) ... ....
49. If is purely imaginary then the locus of z
z 1
is + (n 1)(n )(n 2 ) n 2 is
1) x 2 y 2 x y 0 2) x 2 y 2 x y 0 n 2 n 1
2
n2 n 1
2
1) n 2) n
3) x 2 y 2 2 x 3 y 0 4) x 2 y 2 x 3 y 0 4 4
DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM n2 n 1 n n 1
2
3) n 4) n
50. If a cos i sin , b cos i sin then 4 4
cos a b c 2 a b c 2
58.
1 1 c a b 2 b c a 2
1) ab 2) ab 1) 1 2) 0 3) 2 4) -1
ab ab
3)
1 1
ab 4)
1 1
ab
59. The value of 1 1
2 ab 2 ab
1) 0 2) 1 3) 4) 2
1 11
2 2 60. If is a complex cube root of unity, then value
51. One of the values of cis cis is of expression
6 6
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 0
cos 1 1 2 ... 10 10 2
900
1 1 x10 y12
52. If 2 cos x x , 2 cos y y then 12 10
y x
1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 3
1) 2cos 10 12 2) 2i sin 10 12 2
334 365
3) 2cos 10 12 4) 2i sin 10 12 1 i 3 1 i 3
61. 4 5 3
2 2 2 2
2r 2r
53. If zr cos i sin , where
5 5 1) 1 i 3 2) 1 i 3
r 1,2,3, 4,5 then z1 z2 z3 z4 z5 is equal to
3) i 3 4) i 3
1) 1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 2
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 27
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-II - KEY 9. Verification by x = 0
1) 3 2) 2 3) 3 4) 1 5) 4 6) 2 7) 4 1 i
x
x
8) 3 9) 4 10) 4 11) 3 12) 1 13) 4 14) 4 10. 1 i 1
1 i
15)1 16) 3 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 2 21)2
x 4 n, n N
22) 3 23) 3 24) 4 25) 3 26) 1 27) 2 28) 2
i
29) 1 30) 4 31) 1 32) 3 33)3 34) 3 35) 1 11. New position of z z.e 2 iz
36) 3 37) 4 38) 3 39)4 40) 3 41) 1 42) 3 12. z1 , z2 are conjugate to each other
43) 3 44) 1 45) 4 46) 2 47) 1 48) 1 49) 1
13. z 2 z z 3 | z |2
50) 3 51) 4 52) 2 53) 3 54) 3 55) 2 56) 3
57) 1 58) 4 59) 1 60) 2 61) 3 z 0 , is a solution
LEVEL-I : EXERCISE-II - HINTS and if z 0, z 3 k k R has 3 solutions
1. Put n = 1 and verify 1 i cos
14. =
n
13 1 2i cos
2. The sum 1 i i 1 i i i 1
n 1 1 i cos 1 2i cos
x
1 2i cos 1 2i cos
i 4n1 i 4 n1 i 4 n .i i 4 n .i 1
3. We have
2 2 1 2i cos i cos 2 cos2
1 4 cos2
i 2 1 1 1 2 1
i now real part = 0 1 2cos 2 0
2i 2i 2i i
2 2
4. 1 i 6n 1 i 6n 15. a b i a b 2i a b a b
2i
3n
2i
3n
, as n odd a b i a b
2i
3n
2i
3n
0 1 i
16. a ib i
2
5. Squaring on both sides and equating real &
imaginary 1
a b
2 2
6. z 2
2
i 3 z2 4z 7 0
17. | a ib |2 | c id |2 | x iy |
z2 4z 7
a 2 b2 c 2 d 2 x 2 y 2
3
7. x iy a ib
4 2 x2 y2 x2 y2 4
= a 3ab i 3a b b
3 2 2 3
z2
2
(a ib) (a ib) 2 18. Let z ib
1
8.
(a ib) 2 (a ib)2
z2
23
4 4 2 z1 3 z2 z1 2 3ib
a ib a ib
z
1
2 2 z1 3z2 2 3 2 2 3ib
a 2
b2 z1
28 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
2 2
19. i z i z 1 i
32. log log i
2 2
1 i
1 1
ia ia
2 2 log e i / 2 i
2
2 2
1 3i 33. m 0, let m n , where n > 0
a a
2 2
log mi log ni log n log i
1 9
a 2 a 2 2
4 4 log m i
2
20. By verification from options.
z2
21. z 1 z 3 z 1 z 3 2
22. | z 2 || z 3 5 | | z 3 | 5 2 5 | 7
23. | z 1| | z 4 3 | | z 4 | 3 3 3 6 34.
600
z3 z1
24. 1 | z 2 2i | | z | 8
1 | z | 8 1 | z1 z3 | |1 i 3 |
1
| z 2 z3 | 2
25. 3 z 6 3i 3 4i 3z 6 3i 3 4i
z z
3 z 2 i 3 4i 15 5 20 arg 1 3 or
z2 z3 3 3
26 arg z arg 1 arg z arg z
z1 , z2 , z3 form an equilateral triangle
arg z arg z
35. O(origin), A z1 , B z 2 , C z1 z2
27. | z1 z 2 |2 | z1 z 2 |2 0
OA z1 , OB z2 and OC z1 z2
cos 1 2 0 1 2
2
B C
2
1 i 3 1 i 3
28. z
4i 1 i 3 2 3 i Z1 Z 2
Z2
2 1
| z |
2 2 2
O Z1 A
arg z arg 1 i 3 arg 3i
29. Put n = 0 find its argument OABC is a parallelogram
30. r | z | 4 , arg z z
2
2 36. 50 z 2 100 z 10
2
31. 2 3 i 37. z1 , z2 are purely real
2
r 2 3 (1)2 6 2 z1 z1 and z2 z2
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy 29
COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
38. Let z = x + iy Im z2 2xy 1 11
51. cis cis 0
12 12
39. | z 2 1|| z |2 1
52. Let x cis , y cis
| x 2 y 2 2 xyi 1| x 2 y 2 1
2 x10 y12 cis10 cis12
x y 1 4 x y x y 1
2` 2 2 2 2 2
y12 x10 cis12 cis10
x4 y 4 1 2x 2 y 2 2 x2 2 y 2 4 x2 y 2 53. z1 z2 z3 z4 z5 cis 6 1
4 4 2 2 2 2
x y 1 2 x y 2x 2 y
1 1 1
2
4x 0 x 0 54. x1 x2 x3 ........ cis 1 2 3 .....
3 3 3
40. | x i y 2 | | 2 x i 2 y 1 |
2 2 55. G.C.D of (3, 6) is 3
x 2 y 2 4 x 2 2 y 1
56. x 4 x 2 1 0
41. Let z = x + iy
x 2 or 2
z 1 2 2
Re 0 x y 1 z 1
z 1 x 2 or
2
42. let z x iy z 2 z 57. Put n = 2, verify
43. z 4i 2 z 2 1 a b c 2 1 a b c 2
58. a b c 2 2 a b c 2
squaring and expand we get
3 x 2 3 y 2 16 x 8 y 0 2 1
2
y 3 59. 1
2
2 0
44. let z x iy 1
x2
45. let z x iy then | 3x 1 3iy | 3| x 2 iy | 60. (1 )(1 2 ) (10 ) 10 2
46. k | z1 z2 |2 4 12 22 33 10 2 1 2 10
47. let z x iy
1 1 10times
| x 1 i y 1 | | x 1 i y 1 |
= 450
48. Locus of z is a circle
61. 4 5 334 3 365 4 5 3 2
49. Let z = x + iy
zi 2 2
1 2 3 1 2 1 2 i 3
Re 0 x y x y 0
z 1
50. a cis , b cis
1
ab cis ( ), cis ( )
ab
30 Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
8. If iz 3 z 2 z i 0 , then z
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-I
1) 1 2) 2 3) -1 4) - 2
9. If z1 , z2 are roots of equation z 2 az a 2 0 ,
COMPLEX NUMBERS &
THEIR PROPERTIES z1
4 4
then z
1 i 1 i 2
1. (EAM-2013)
1 i 1 i 1) a 2 2) a 3) 2a 4) 1
1) 0 2) 1 3) 2 4) 4 10. If z is a complex number such that | z | 2 then
2 2 1 b ia 1
2. If a b 1, then
the minimum value of z is (Main-2014)
1 b ia 2
1) 1 2) 2 3) b+ia 4) a+ib 1) is strictly greater than 5/2
3. The sum of the series i 2i 2 3i3 ... up to 2) is strictly greater than 3/2 but less than 5/2
200 terms equals 3) is equal to 5/2 4) lies in the interval (1, 2)
1) 100 i 1 2) 100 1 i 11. If | z 1| | z 3 | 8 , then the range of values
of | z 4 | is
3) 200 i 4) 100 1 i 1) (0, 8) 2) [0, 8] 3) [1, 9] 4) [5, 9]
1 12. For all complex numbers z1 , z2 such that
4. sin 1 z 1 , where z is non-real, can be
i z1 12 and z2 3 4i 5 the minimum
the angle of a triangle, if
value of z1 z2 is
1) Re z 1, Im z 2
1) 0 2) 2 3) 7 4) 10
2) Re z 1, 1 Im z 1 13. The range of real number such that the
equation z z 1 2i 0, z x iy has a
3) Re z Im z 0
solution is
4) Re z 1, Im z 2
5 5 5 5
2 3 2 1) , 2) 2 , 2
5. If a ib ci di x iy then 2 2
a ib ci 2 di 3 is equal to 3 3 3 3
1) x iy 2) x iy 3) x iy 4) x iy 3) , 4) 2 , 2
2 2
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
ARGUMENT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
6. z is a complex number. If a x y and 2 4
b 2 x iy then which of the following is
14. If z 2 2 3i i
3 i , then arg z =
true 5 7
1) 2) 3) 4)
1) a b 2) a b 6 6 6 6
3) a b 2 4) a b 2 15. If ‘z’ lies on the circle z - 2i = 2 2 , then the
æz - 2 ö÷
7. If z 6 e i 3 then eiz value of arg çççè ÷is equal to
z+2 ø÷
1 1 1 1 p p p p
1) 3 2) 2 3 3) 3 3 4) 4 3 1) 2) 3) 4)
e e e e 3 4 6 2
31
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
24. The area bounded by the curves arg z = / 3
z1
16. If z 1 and arg z1 z2 0 , then
2
and arg z = 2 / 3 and arg (z - 2 - 2i 3 ) =
in the argand plane is (in sq units)
1) z1 z2 2) z2 2 z1z2
1) 16 2) 5 2 3) 27 4) 4 3
3) z1z2 1 4) z1 z2
LOCUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
17. In Argand diagram, O, P, Q represent the
origin, z and z + iz respectively. then OPQ 25. If z 3 , then the points representing the
complex numbers 1 4z lie on a
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 6 2 3 1) line 2) circle 3) parabola 4) hyperbola
18. Vector z 3 4i is rotated at 1800 angle in anti
z2
clock wise direction and its length is increased 26. If Amp then the locus of z x iy
z 4i 2
to two and half times. In new position z is
is
15 15 15
1) 10i 2) 10i 3) 15 10i 4) 10i 1) x 2 y 2 3 x 2 0, y 0
2 2 2
2) x 0 such that y 2 / 3
GEOMETRICAL APPLICATIONS
19. The triangle with vertices at the points 3) x2 y2 2x 4y 0 such that y 0, x2 y2 1
4) x2 y2 2x 4y 0 such that 2x y 4 0
z1, z2 , 1 i z1 iz2 is
1) right angled but not isosceles 27. If z 3 i 5 2 then the locus of z is
2) isosceles but not right angled
3) right angled and isosceles 4) equilateral 1) z 3 5 2) z 3 5
20. The complex number z having least positive
argument which satisfy the condition 3) z 3 5 4) z 3 5
z 25i 15 is 28. Locus of z such that z a 2 z b 2 real is
1) 25i 2) 12 5i 3) 16 12i 4) 12 16i 1) circle 2) parabola 3) ellipse
21. If a and b are real numbers between 0 and 1 4) pair of straight lines
such that the points z1 a i z2 1 bi and z2
29. The locus of z such that is always real is
z3 0 form an equilateral triangle then a, b are z 1
1) 2 3, 2 3 2) 2 3, 2 3 1) y 0, x 2 y 2 2 x 0 [AIEEE-2012]
3) 2 3, 2 3 4) 2 2, 2 2 2) x 0, x 2 y 2 2 x 0
22. If the circles z 1 3 and z z0 4 3) y 0, x 2 y 2 2 x 0
intersect orthogonally , then 4) x 0, x 2 y 2 2 x 0
1) z0 3 2) 3 z0 5 2
z z 1
3) 4 z0 6 4) 2 z0 4 30. If log 3
2 then locus of z is
z 2
23. If z1 8 4i , z2 6 4i and 1) a circle 2) a straight line
z z1 3) interior of the circle 4) ellipse
arg , then ‘z’ satisfies 31. The locus of the center of a circle which touches
z z 2 4 the circles |z - z1| = a, |z - z2| = b externally will
1) z 7 4i 1 2) z 7 5i 2 be
1) an ellipse 2) a hyperbola
3) z 4i 8 4) z 7i 18 3) a circle 4) a parabola
32
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
32. If z 4i z 4i 10 then the equation of the nth ROOT OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
10
locus of z is 2k 2k
40. The value of k1 sin 11 i cos 11 is [AIE -06]
x2 y2 x 2
y 2
1) 1 2) 1
25 9 5 9 1) -1 2) -i 3) i 4) 1
x2 y 2 x2 y2 6
2k 2k
3)
25 9
1 4)
9 25
1 41. The value of k 1 sin 7 i cos 7
DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM 1) -1 2) 0 3) i 4) i
33. If 2cos A 3cos B 5cos C 0 42. If 1, a1 , a2 ,......an 1 are nth roots of unity then
2 sin A 3sin B 5sin C then
1 1 1
8cos3 A 27 cos3B 125cos3C ...
1 a1 1 a2 1 an 1 equals
k cos A B C then k=
1) 70 2) 80 3) 90 4) 60 2n 1 n 1 n n
1) 2) 3) 4)
n 2 n 1 n 1
34. If cos A 0 sin A then value of 43. The solutions of the equation
sin 2 A B C sin 2 B C A sin 2C A B
x x x is
x6 x5 x 4 x2 x 1 0; x C is
1) 1 2) 0 3) 3 4) -3
35. If , are the roots of x 2 x 4 0 then
2 1) 0,1, i 2) 0, 1, i
n n 1
n n
3) 1, i, 2 2
4) 1, i, 1 i 3
n 1 n
1) 2 cos 2) 2 cos
3 2 CUBE ROOTS OF UNITY
n 1 n n 1 n 44. If , are the roots of x 2 x 1 0 then
3) 2 cos 4) 2 sin
3 3
1/ 3
28 28
36. All the values of 8i are 1) 1 2) -1 3) 0 4) 2
1) 2i, 3 i 2) 2i, 3 i 45. If x p q , y p q 2 and z p 2 q
where is a complex cube root of unity then
3) 2i,3 i 4) 2i, 1 i 3 xyz (EAM-2014)
n
37. If 3 i xn iyn and n is a positive 1) p 2 pq q 2 2) 1 p 3 q 3
integer then the value of xn 1 yn xn yn 1 3) p3 q3 4) p3 q3
46. The roots of the cubic equation
1) 2n2 3 2) 22 n 2 3) 22 n 2 3 4) 22 n 2 3
n
z , 0 represent the vertices of
3
38. 1 x p0 p1 x p2 x 2 pn x n then a triangle of sides of length
the value of p1 p3 p5 1 1
1) 2) 3 3) 3 4)
3 3
n/2 n n/2 n
1) 2 sin 2) 2 sin 47. If is the complex cube root of unity then
2 4
n n n n 1 1 i 2 2
3) 2 sin 4) 2 sin
2 4 1 i 1 2 1
39. If , are the roots of the equation
i i 1 1
5 5
x 2 2 x 4 0 and then
1) 64 2) 32 3) -32 4) -64 1) 0 2) 1 3) i 4) 2i
33
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
3 i 59 3. i 1 5 9 ...50 terms
48. If z then iz
2
i 2 2 6 10 ...50 terms
1 3i i 3
1) 2) 1 3) 4) -1 i3 3 7 11 ...50 terms +
2 2
49. If the cube roots of unity are 1, , 2 , then the i 4 4 8 12 ...50 terms
3 i 50 99 50 100 i50 101 50 102 100 1 i
roots of the equation x 1 8 0 , are
z 1
1) 1,1 2,1 22 2) 1,1 2,1 22 4. must be real
i
3) 1, 1 2, 1 22 4) 1, 1, 1
z 1 x 1 iy
Now y x 1 i , is real
i i
50. The value of 1 1 1........to =
x 1 0 then
1) , 2 2) , 2 3) , 2 4) 1, 1
sin 1 z 1 sin 1 y , so 1 y 1
51. If a,b,c are integers not all equal and is a i
cube root of unity 1 , then the minimum 5. a ib c(1) d (i) ( x iy )2
2 2 a ib c di ( x iy )2
value of a b c is
(a c ) i(b d ) ( x iy )2
3 1 2
1) 0 2) 1 3) 4) a c i b d x iy
2 2
6. Put x = 1 and y = 2, verify
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-I - KEY i
1 i 3
3
7. z 6e 6 3 3 3i
1) 3 2) 3 3) 2 4) 2 5) 3 6) 1 7) 3 2
2
8) 1 9) 4 10)4 11) 3 12) 2 13) 2 14) 2
iz 3i 3 3
15) 2 16) 2 17) 3 18) 2 19) 3 20) 4 21) 1
e 3i 1
22) 3 23) 2 24) 4 25) 2 26) 4 27) 3 28) 1 eiz e 3i 3 3
e3 3
e3 3
29) 1 30) 3 31) 2 32) 4 33) 3 34) 1 35) 1
36) 2 37) 2 38) 2 39) 2 40) 2 41) 1 42) 2 8. iz 3 z 2 z i 0
43) 4 44) 2 45)4 46) 2 47) 1 48) 1 49) 1 iz 3 z 2 i 2 z i 0
50) 1 51) 2 iz z 2 i z 2 i 0
1
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-I - HINTS z 2 i iz 1 0 z 2 i, z i
i
4 4
1 i 1 i 4 4
1. i i 1 1 2 a a 2 4a 2 ai 3a
1 i 1 i 9. z
2 2
2. Given that a 2 b 2 1 ,therefore
z1
a 1 i 3 and z2
a 1 i 3
1 b ia 1 b ia 1 b ia 2 2
1 b ia 1 b ia 1 b ia 1 1 1 1
10. 2 | z | z 2 2 z 2 2
2b 2 2b 2ia 1 b
b ia 1 1 3
2 1 b z 2
2 2 2
34
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
11. Locus of z is an ellipse 16. arg z1 z2 0
Q(4,0) arg z1 arg z2 0 and | z1 || z2 |
S C S
A(-5,0) (-3,0) (-1,0) (1,0) A(3,0) z1 z2
0
AA' 2a 8 a 4
Let p z be a point on ellipse and Q 4, 0
| z 4 | | PQ |
P(z) Q(ziz)
Min of PQ 1 and Max of PQ = 9
0z z
12. z1 z 2 z1 z2 3 4i 3 4i 17. arg z iz z arg iz
z1 z 2 z1 z 2 3 4i 3 4 i
arg i
z1 z2 12 55 2 2
13. Let z x iy 25
2 18. z 2 2 ei (by Coni’s theorem)
x i y 2 x 1 y2 z1 5
2
x x 1 y 2 and 5
z 2 3 4i (-1)
y 2 0 y 2 2
15
x 2 2 x2 2 x 5 z2 10i
2
2 1 x 2 2 x 2 5 2 0 has a solution 19. Let P z1 ; Q z2 ; R 1 i z1 iz2
b 2 4ac 0 4 2 5 0 PQ z2 z1 , QR 2 z1 z2
14. arg z 2arg 2 2 3i RP i z2 z1 z 2 z1
arg i 4 arg 3i PQ RP and QR 2 PQ 2 RP 2
11 20. The required complex number is the point of contact
arg z or
6 6 P as shown in the figure.
15.
y
X
p(z)
(0,25) 15
P(z)
C(2i)
B 0 A x
0
CA = CB = 2 2, OC = 2
Þ OA = OB = 2 Þ A = 2 + 0i, B = - 2 + 0i C(0, 25) is the centre and r = 15. now
p | z | OP 20 .
Clearly ÐBCA =
2 amp ( z ) XOP OCP ;
p æz - 2 ö÷ p
Þ ÐBPA = Þ arg çç ÷= 3 4
4 çè z + 2 ø÷ 4 cos 3 ;sin 4 ; z 20 i 12 16i
5 5 5 5
35
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
21. z12 z22 z1 z2 29. Let z = x + iy z 2 x 2 y 2 i 2 xy
and simplify
z2
22. We know that is real , 2 xy x 1 y x 2 y 2 0
z 1
z0 1 32 42 5
2
z z 1
z0 z0 1 1 z0 1 1 6 30. 3
z 2
z0 z0 1 1 z0 1 1 4 2
23. z 4 z 5 0 ; z 5
Z 31. | z z1 | | z z2 | a b
SP-S1P=constant
4
the locus of p is a hyperbola
C 32. Let S denote the sum of given series
S 1 2 3 2 43 ... n 1 n 2 n n1
2
A(z1) B(z2) S 2 2 33 ... n 2 n 2
n 1 n1 n n
CA i z1 C S 1 1 2 ... n1 n n
e2 i ; i
CB z2 C
1 n a 1 r n
z iz2 n n using S n
C 1 7 5i radius = CA= 2 1 1 r
1 i
24. Req area is the area formed by the lines S 1 n n
y 3 x, y 3 x & y= 2
n
25. 2 2
z 3 x y 9 (1) S
1
n 1
Let i 1 4 x iy 33. 2cos A 2i sin A 3cos B
3i sin B 5cos C i5sin C 0 i.0
1 4 x , 4 y
2 cos A i sin A 3 cos B i sin B
1
x ,y
4 4 34. cos A cos B cos C sin A sin B sin C
2
from (1), 1 2 9 16 cos A i sin A cos B i sin B
1 4z lies on a circle cos C i sin C 0 i.0
z2 a+b+c = 0 where a = cis A, b = cis B, c = cis C
26. R.P 0 and Impart is +ve
z 4i 35. x 2 2 x 4 0
27. z 3 5 2 2 4 16 2 2i 3
x 1 i 3
0 2 2
z 3 5 1 i 3, 1 i 3
28. Let z = x + iy 3 3
1/ 3
1/ 3 1/ 3
| x iy a |2 | x iy a |2 36. (8) ( i ) 2 cos i sin
2 2
37. Put n = 1 and verify
36
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
38. (1 x ) n P0 P1 x P2 x 2 ..... Pn x n
Put x = i LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II
(1 i) n P0 Pi
1 P2 ( 1) ..... Pn i
n
COMPLEX NUMBERS & PROPERTIES
n
n 2011
2cis P0 Pi
1 P2 ..... ( i ) Pn 1 i
4
1. 2009 (EAM-2011)
39. x 2 2 x 4 0 2 , 2 2 1 i
10
2 k
1) -1 2) 1 3) 2 4) -2
40. i cis 11 i sum of roots 1
k 1 3
2. If x iy then the value of
i 0 1 i 2 cos i sin
6
6
2k 6 6
x 3 x 1 y 2
41. i k1 cis i 1 1 1) 0 2) 1 3) -1 4) 2
7
42. put n 3 and verify 1
43. Verifying options 3. Im is equals to
1 cos i sin
44. , 2
1 1
45. xyz p q p q 2 p 2 q 1) tan 2) cot
2 2 2 2
p q p 2 3 pq 2 pq 4 q 2 2 1 1
3) tan 4) cot
2 2 2 2
p q p 2 pq q 2 p3 q3
46. z , , 2
1 i x i 1 2i y i 1
4. x, y
2i 2i
A z1 (EAM-2013)
B z2 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
1) 3 , 15 2) 3 , 15 3) 5 , 15 4) 5 , 15
C z3 2
5. The smallest positive integer n for which
47. Applying R1 R1 R3 R2 and simplify n /2
1 i 3
1 3i is real is
59
48. iz ; iz 59 1) 3 2) 0 3) 6 4) 12
2
49. x 1 3 8 2, 2 , 2 2 x 2 y 2 1 x y 31
6. If the square root of y 2 x 2 2i y x 16
50. x 1 x x 1 x 2
x y i
x2 x 1 0 is then m is
2 y x m
51. a b c 2
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5
a b c
2
a b c 2
MODULUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
a 2 b 2 c 2 ab bc ca 7. If Z1 , Z 2 are two complex numbers satisfying
1 2 2 2
a b b c c a 0 Z1 3 Z 2
2 1 z1 3 then z2 =
a, b, c are integers (not all equal )
3 Z1 Z 2
Min value = 1 1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
37
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
z1 z2 z1
GEOMETRICAL APPLICATION
8. If z z 1 then z is 17. Two points P and Q in the Argand diagram
1 2 2
represent z and 2z + 3 + i. If P moves on a
1) positive real 2) negative real circle with centre at the origin and radius 4,
3) purely imaginary 4) 0 then the locus of Q is a circle with centre
2
z2 1) (3, 1) 2) (0, 0) 3) (2, - 3) 4) (- 3, 1)
9. If z t 3 i 5 t , t 5 then
2 2
z2 2
18. If z lies on the circle z 1 then lies on
1) 4 2) 6 3) 8 4) 5 z
10. If , , and a,b,c are complex numbers such 1) a straight line 2) a circle
a b c 3) a hyperbola 4) parabola
that 1 i and 0 then 19. ABC is an isosceles triangle and B=900 . If B
a b c
and the midpoint P of AC are represented by
2 2 2 3 + 2i and 1–i then the other vertices are
the value of 2 2 2 is equal to
a b c 1) 4 + i, –2 –3i 2) 4–3i, –2 + i
1) 0 2) -1 3) 2i 4) -2i
3) 4–i, –2 –i 4) 4 + 3i, –2 –i
2
11. If z 3 1 then z 2 z cos is 20. If q is real and z1 , z2 are connected by
1) less than 2 2) 3 1 z12 + z22 + 2 z1 z2 cos q = 0 , then triangle with
3) 3 1 4) less than 3 vertices 0, z1, z2 is
12. If z1 1 2, z2 2 1, then z1 z2 1) Equilateral
2) Right - angled
3) Isosceles
4) Scalane
1) >1 2) >2 3) <2 4) <6
13. Let , be real and z be a complex number if 21. If the roots of z 3 iz 2 2i 0 represent the
z 2 z 0 has two distinct roots on the line vertices of a ABC in the Argand plane, then
the area of the triangle is
Re z 1 then it is necessary that (MAIN-11)
3 7 7 7
1) 1, 2) 0,1 1) 2) 3) 2 4)
2 4 2
3) 1, 0 4) | | 1
LOCUS OF A COMPLEX NUMBER
ARGUMENT OF A COMPLEX NUMBERS 22. If | z | 2 , then locus of 1 5z is a circle
50
whose centre is
14. If z 0 , then arg z dx equals
0 1) (-1, 0) 2) (1, 0) 3) (0, -1) 4) (0, 0)
1) 50 2) not defined 3) 0 4) 50 2 z
23. If Arg and z x iy, then the
p 2 z 6
2 pi cot 1 x 1 ix
15. If p and x real, then e locus of z is
ix 1
1) a straight line 2) a circle
1) 1 2) p 3) eix 4) eipx 3) a parabola 4) an ellipse
16. z1 and z2 be two complex numbers with a and
24. If z i 3 then the locus of z is
b as their principal arguments, such that
2 2
a+b> , then principal Arg z1 z2 is 1) x 1 y2 3 2) x 1 y2 9
1) a b 2) a b 2 2
3) x 2 y 1 9 4) x 2 y 1 3
3) a b 2 4) a b
38
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
1/ 4
25. If z i 2 z 2 then locus of z is 32. All the values of 64 are
16 2 1) 2 2 i 2) 2 i 3) 2 1 i 4) 1 i
1) inside the circle x 2 y 2 x y5 0
3 3 n
33. If x n iyn 1 i n 0 and n is an integer
2 2 16 2
2) inside the circle x y x y5 0
then the value of xn 1 yn xn yn 1
3 3
16 2 1) 2n1 2) 22 n 2 3) 22 n 2 3 4) 22 n 2
3) exterior of the circle x 2 y 2 x y5 0
3 3
34. If , are the roots of x 2 2 x 4 0 then
16 2
4) exterior of the circle x 2 y 2 x y50 for n n
3 3
n n
26. If log 1 z 2 log 1 z then n 1
1) 2 cos
n
2) 2 cos
2 2 3 2
1) x 1 2) x 1 3) x 2 4) x 2
n 1 n n 1 n
2 2 3) 2 cos 4) 2 sin
27. If z 1 z 1 , then z lies on 3 3
16
1) An ellipse 2) The imaginary axis 2 r 2 r
3) A circle 4) The real axis 35. The value of sin
r 1 17
i cos
17
is
28. If ‘z’ be any complex number such that 1) 1 2) i 3) - i 4) -1
3z - 2 + 3z + 2 = 4 then locus of ‘z’ is 8 8
1) A circle 2) An ellipse 36. If cos i sin then
11 11
3) A line segment 4) hyperbola
Re 2 3 4 5 equals
z 2i
29. The locus of z such that 1 where
2z i 1 1
1) 0 2) 3) 4) 1
z x iy is 2 2
37. If 1 be any nth roots of unity then
1) x 2 y 2 1 2) x 2 y 2 1
1 3 5 2 n terms =
3) x 2 y 2 1 4) 2 x 2 3 y 2 1
2n 2n n n
DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM 1) 2) 3) 4)
1 1 1 1
30. If a cis , b cis , c cis and 38. The common difference of the argument of the
15
b c c a a b
values of 1 i 3 is
abc
2 3 4
1) 2) 3) 4)
k cos cos cos then k = 5 5 5 5
2 2 2 10
1) 2 2) 22 3) 23 4) 24 1 3i
39. The value of
1/ 4 1 3i
31. The values of 1 i 3 are
1 i 3
1) 1 i 3 2) 3) 1 i 3 4) 1 i 3
1)
1/ 4
2 cis 3k 1 , k 0,1, 2,3 2
6 40. If p,q,r are distinct cube roots of complex
number z ( 0) and a,b,c are complex numbers
2) 21/ 4 cis 3k 1 , k 0,1, 2,3
12 such that then
ap bq cr 0
3) 21/ 4 cis 6k 1 , k 0,1, 2,3 aq br cp ar bp cq
6 2
ap bq cr
4) 21/ 4 cis 6 k 1 , k 0,1, 2,3
12 1) 1 2) -1 3) abc 4) pqr
39
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
41. If is a complex cube root of unity, then 1 1 cos i sin
x 1 x x 1 (EAM-2010) 3. 1 cos i sin 1 cos 2 sin 2
1) x 3 1 2) x 3 1 3) x3 2 4) x3 2
1 cos i sin
1 1
4
42. If z 1 then z 4 2 1 cos
z z
1 sin 1
1) 1 2) -1 3) 4) 2 Im cot
1 cos i sin 2 1 cos 2 2
x 1 2
4. 1 i x i 2 i
x 2 1 0
43. If then x=
2 1 x 1 2i y i 2 i 5
comparing real and imaginary parts
1) 2 2) w 3) w2 4) 0
n/2
5
n 1
2 5. 1 3i
44. The value of x where x 2 x 1 0
xn
n 1 n
2n / 2 cis is real
is 6
1) 8 2) 10 3) 12 4) 16
n
45. If a,b,c are the roots of x3 3x 2 3x 26 0 sin 0 n6
6
and is cube root of unity then the value of
2
a 1 b 1 c 1 x y i x 2 y 2 1 x y 31
equals 6. 2 2
b 1 c 1 a 1 y x m y x 2i y x 16
1) 3 2 2) 3 2 3) 2 4) 2 2
L.H .S
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II - KEY x y 2i x y 1
2
1) 4 2) 1 3) 4 4) 1 5) 3 6) 3 7) 1 y x m y x m
8) 3 9) 4 10) 3 11) 1 12) 4 13) 1 14) 4 x2 y2 4 1 x y 1
15) 1 16) 3 17) 1 18) 2 19) 2 20) 3 21) 3 = 2 2 2 . 2
y x m 2i y x m
22) 1 23) 2 24) 3 25) 4 26) 1 27) 2 28) 3
m=4
29) 3 30) 3 31) 4 32) 3 33) 1 34) 1 35) 3
36) 2 37) 2 38) 2 39) 2 40) 1 41) 2 42) 2 7. z1 3 z2 3 z1 z2
43) 4 44) 1 45) 2
z1 3z 2 z1 3z 2 3 z1 z2 3 z1 z2
LEVEL-II : EXERCISE-II- HINTS
2009 z1
1 i 2 2009 1
1. 1 i i . 2i 2 z2 1
1 i
8. z1
3 (2 cos ) i sin 1
2. x iy x z2
(2 cos ) i sin (2 cos ) i sin
6 3cos 3i sin z1
x iy 1
(2 cos )2 sin 2 z2 z
1 1
Equating real and imaginary parts z1 z2 is purely imaginary
1
z2
40
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
9. Put t = 0 19.
C
10. 1 i S.O.B.S
a b c
2 2 2 a b c P(1, -1)
2
2 2 2 2i
a b c a b c
2 2
11. consider z 2 z cos z 2 z cos
2
z 2 z A
B
2
3 1 2 3 1 2 (3, 2)
By Coni’s theorem
12. z1 z2 z1 1 z2 2 3
PB i PC i
e 2 i and e 2 i
z1 1 z2 2 3 PA PB
20. z12 + z22 + 2 z1 z2 cos q = 0
z1 z2 2 1 3 6
2
æz ö æz ö
13 Let z 1 iy Re z 1 Þ çç 1 ÷ ÷
÷ + 2çç 1 ÷ ÷cos q + 1 = 0
çè z2 ø÷ çè z2 ø÷
÷
2
1 iy 1 iy 0 2
æz ö
2 and y 1 2 Þ çç 1 + cos q÷
÷
÷ = - (1 - cos 2 q)= - sin 2 q
çè z2 ÷
ø
y 2 1 1 1,
z1 z
Þ = - cosq ± i sin q 1 1 z z
14. Since z is positive real A rg z z2 z2 1 2
p
1 ix x i
p 21. By solving the equation
15. z1 0,1 , z2 1, 1 , z3 1, 1
ix 1 x i
p 1 i
e 2i cot
1
x
e2 ip cot
1
x
22. 1 5z i z
5
16. a b 2 a b 2 0
z z1
arg z1 z2 a b 2 23. Arg where
z z 2 2
17. Let 2 z 3 i z1 Locus of z represents major arc of a circle
2 z z1 3 i & z 4 24. | z i | 3
Let z = x + iy
z1 3 i 4
| x i( y 1) | 3
Locus of z1 is z 3 i 8
2 2
x2 y 1 3 x2 y 1 9
2
18. Let z = x + iy and i
z 25. put z = x + iy, | z i | 2 | z 2 |
2 | zi|
| z | 1 2 Let z = x + iy
i | z 2|
41
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
37. Let S 1 3 5 2 ....... (2n 1) n1
26. log 1 | z 2 | log 1 | z | z2 z
2 2
S 3 2 5 3 ....... (2n 1) n
27. let z x iy , get the locus
S S 1 2 2 2 ....... (2n 1) n
2 2 4
28. 3z - 2 + 3z + 2 = 4 Þ z - + z+ = S (1 ) 1 2 2 ....... n 1 (2 n 1) n
3 3 3
2 2 4 S 1 1 2 0 1 2n 1 n
| z1 z2 |
3 3 3
S 1 1 2 n 1 n 1
Locus of z is a line segment
29. | z 2i | | 2 z i | 2n 2n
S
Let z x iy then 1 1
15
| x i y 2 | | 2 x i 2 y 1 | 1 3 1
15
2 2 38. 2 2 i 2 2 5
cis 3
x 2 y 2 4 x 2 2 y 1 x 2 y 2 1
30. let 0 39. 1 3i 2 2 and 1 3i 2
1/ 4
1/ 4
1 3 1/ 4 40. Take p 1, q , r 2
31. 2 2 i 2 2 cos 3 i sin 3
41. x 1 x x 1
1/ 4
32. (64)1/ 4 2 2(1)1/ 4 2 2 cos i sin x 2 x x x 1
33. Put n = 1 and verify
34. x 2 2 x 4 0 x 3 x 2 1 2 x 3 1
2 4 16 2 2i 3 42. z 2 1 z z 2 z 1 0
x 1 i 3
2 2
1 1 4 1 i 3
z , 2
1 i 3, 1 i 3 2 2
16
2 r 43. R1 R1 R2 R3
35. c i s
i i 0 1 i
r 1 17
x 2 1 x 1 2 x 1 2
zz x 2 1
36. We know that Re( z ) =0
2 2 1 x
Re 2 3 4 5
1 1 1
2
3 4 5 2 3 4 5 x x 2 1 0 x0
2 2 1 x
1 2 3 4 5 1 1
1 1 1 44. x 2 x 1 0
= 2 2 3 4 5
x , 2
1 6 7 8 9 10 4 3 2
= 2 5 1 1
if x 2
1 x
1 .... 10 5
2 5 45. x 13 27 x 1 3,3 ,3 2
1 1
5
o 5 a 2, b 1 3 , c 1 3 2
2 2
42
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
6. The distance of the roots of the equation
LEVEL-III
sin q1 z 3 + sin q2 z 2 + sin q3 z + sin q4 = 3 , from
r ip z = 0 are
1. If e
p 1
1 where denotes the continued
1) Greater than 2/3 2) Less than 2/3
3) Greater than
product, then the most general value of is
4) Less than sin q1 + sin q2 + sin q3 + sin q4
2n 2n
1) r r 1 2) r r 1 7. Let ' a ' be a complex number such that a 1
and z1, z2 ... be vertices of a polygon such that
4n 4n
3) r r 1 4) r r 1 zk 1 a a 2 ... a k 1 then the vertices of
the polygon lie within a circle
2. z 2 z 0 ( , are complex numbers) 1
1) z a a 2) z 1 a
has a real root, then 1 a
2
1 1
1) 0 3) z 1 a 1 a 4) z 1 a 1 a
2
8. If at least one value of the complex number
2) 0
z=x+iy satisfy the condition
2
3) z 2 a 2 3a 2 and the inequality
2 z i 2 a , then
4) 1) a 2 2) a 2 3) a 2 4) a 3
3. If z1 and z2 be complex numbers such that 9. 1, 2 , 3...100 are the 100th roots of unity..
z1 ¹ z 2 and z1 = z2 . If z1 has positive real part 5
and z2 has negative imaginary part, then The numerical value of 2 i j is
1i j 100
(z1 + z2 )
1) 20 2) 0 3) 20 1/ 20 4) 100
(z1 - z2 ) may be
10. The centre of regular polygon of n sides is
1) Purely imaginary 2) Real and positive located at Z 0 and one of its vertices is Z1 .
3) Real and negative 4) zero
If Z 2 is the vertex adjacent to Z1 then Z 2 =
4. The condition that xn + 1 - x n + 1 shall be
2 2
divisible by x 2 - x + 1 is that 1) Z1 cos n i sin n 2) Z1 cos n i sin n
1) n = 6 k + 1 2) n = 6 k - 1
3) n = 3k + 1 4) n = 3k - 1 3) Z1 cos 2n i sin 2n 4) Z1 cos 3n i sin 3n
5. A(z1 ), B (z2 ), C (z3 ) are the vertices of an
11. P is a point satisfying arg z , such that sum
equilateral triangle ABC, the value of 4
æz + z3 - 2 z1 ö÷ of its distances from two given points (0,1) and
arg ççç 2 ÷
÷ is equal to
è z3 - z2 ø÷ k
(0,2) is minimum, then P must be (1+i) , the
3
p p p p numerical value of k should be
1) 2) 3) 4)
4 2 3 6 1) 1 2)2 3)4 4)5
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COMPLEX NUMBERS JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I
12. If z1, z2 are nth roots of unity which are ends of 18. Sum of the series
n
r
1 n Cr i5 r i 6 r i 7 r i8 r is
a line segment that subtends at the origin. r 0
2
then n is of the form. 1) 2n 2) 2n / 21
1) 4k + 1 2) 4k + 2 3) 4k + 3 4) 4k n
n n / 21
13. One vertex of an equilateral triangle is at the 3) n n 2n / 2 1 4) 2 2 cos
4
origin and the other two vertices are given by
19. Let z1 and z 2 be the roots of a quadratic
2 z 2 2 z k 0 then k is
1 1 equation z 2 pz q 0 , where p , q are
1) = 1 2) 3) 4) 0 complex numbers. Let A and B represent
2 2
14. If it is given that the equation z1 and z 2 in complex plane.If AOB 0
2 and OA OB (where O is origin), then
z 2iz 2c a i 0 possesses solution for
all c R , then the number of integral values 2 2 2 2
1) p 4 q cos 2) p 2 q cos
of ' a ' for which it is true is 2 2
1) 4 2)16 3)32 4)0 3) p 2 4q cos 2 4) p 2 2q cos 2
15. If z is a complex number having least absolute 20. If z , z , …… z lie on the circle |z| = 2 then the
1 2 n
value and | z 2 2i | 1 , then z
1 1 1
value of | z1 z 2 ..... z n | 4 ......
1 1 z1 z 2 zn
1) 2 1 i 2) 2 1 i
2 2 1) 0 2) n 3)– n 4) 1
1 1 21. If a and b are two real numbers and z1 and
3) 2 1 i 4) 2 1 i
2 2 z2 are two non zero complex numbers such
16. If is complex cube root of unity and a, b, c
are three real numbers such that
az1 bz2
that a z1 b z2 then z is
bz2 az1
1 1 1
22
a b c a
1) z 2) Purely imaginary
1 1 1 b
and 2
a 2 b 2 c 2
b
1 1 1 3) Purely real 4) z
then is a
a 1 b 1 c 1
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 22. If z1 2 , z2 3 , z3 4 and z1 z2 z3 5
17. The sum of the series then 4 z z 9 z z 16 z z =
2 3 3 1 1 2
2
x 1) 20 2) 24 3) 48 4) 120
sin xsin sin 2 ........ is
2!
1) e x cos sin x sin
23. If A1 z1 , A2 z 1 are the adjacent vertices of
2) e x sin sin x sin Im z1 1 2 then
a regular polygon. If
x sin
Re z1
3) e cos x sin
number of sides of the polygon is equal to
x sin
4) e cos x sin 1) 6 2) 8 3) 16 4)12
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
24. Let z = x + iy be a complex number where x
and y are integers then the area of the (a2 + b2 )- (c2 + d 2 )- 2(ad + bc)i
=
rectangle whose vertices are the roots of the a 2 + c 2 - 2ac + b 2 + d 2 + 2bd
equation z z 3 + z z 3 = 350 is - (ad + bc )i
=
1) 32 2) 40 3) 48 4) 80 a + b 2 - ac + bd
2
25. The necessary and sufficient condition for the
(z1 + z2 )
points z1 , z2 , z3 to be collinear is that \
(z1 - z2 ) is purely imaginary
z3 z 2 z3 z 2
1) z z is purely real 2) z z is purely real 4. x 2 - x + 1 = (x + w)(x + w 2 )
2 1 2 1
Now f (x)= x n+ 1 x n 1 is divisible by
z2 z1
3) z z is purely imaginary x 2 - x + 1 , then
3 2
f 0 and f (- w )= 0
2
z2 z1
4) z z is purely imaginary n 1 n
3 2 1 0 and
2n 2 2n
LEVEL-III - KEY 1 0 from available
1) 4 2) 3 3) 1 4) 1 5) 2 6) 1 7) 3 option n = 6 k + 1
8) 1 9) 2 10) 1 11) 2 12) 4 13) 3 14) 4 æ æz2 + z3 öö÷
çç çç - z1 ÷÷ ÷
15) 1 16) 2 17) 1 18) 4 19) 1 20) 1 21) 3 æz2 + z3 - 2 z1 ö÷ çç çç 2 ÷÷÷
arg ççç ÷
÷= arg ç 2.ç
÷÷
÷÷
÷
22) 4 23) 2 24) 3 25) 1 5. è z3 - z2 ø÷ çç çç z3 - z2 ÷ ÷÷÷
çç çè
è ø÷ø÷
÷
LEVEL-III - HINTS
æz2 + z3 ö
1.. ei .e 2 i .....e ri 1 çç - z1 ÷÷
÷
ç
= arg çç 2 ÷
÷
ir r 1 4 n çç z3 - z2 ÷ ÷
÷
i 2 n
çè ø÷
e 2
e r r 1
2. Let z x 0i be a real root of the given æz2 + z3 ö÷
çç
çè 2 ø÷ ÷is the midpoint of side BC.Clearly, line
equation.then , x 2 x 0 ..........(1)
joining A and midpoint of BC will be
Taking conjugate both sides
perpendicular to side BC.
x 2 x 0 ........................(2) æz 2 + z3 ö
Elimination x from (1) and (2) , we have çç - z1 ÷÷
÷
ç 2 ÷ p
a rg çç ÷
÷ =
2 Thus, çç z3 - z2 ÷ 2
ççè ÷
ø÷
÷
3. Let z1 = a+ib =(a,b) and z2 = c-id=(c,-d) 6. We know that sin qk < 1
where a>0 and d>0
3 = sin q1 z 3 + sin q2 z 2 + sin q3 z + sin q4
then z1 = z2 Þ a 2 + b2 = c 2 + d 2
£ z 3 + z 2 + z + 1 £ | z |3 + | z |2 + | z | + 1
(z1 + z2 ) (a + ib)+ (c - id )
Now (z - z ) = (a + ib)- (c - id ) 1
1 2
3 < 1- z Þ 3 - 3 z < 1 Þ 2 < 3 z
é(a + c )+ i (b - d )ùé(a - c )- i (b + d )ù
= ë ûë û
2
é(a - c )+ i (b + d )ùé(a - c )- i (b + d )ù Þ z>
ë ûë û 3
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2 r 2 s
2 k 1 1 ak 12. Let z ei n
and z2 e
i
n
7. zk 1 a a ... a 1
1 a
i 2 i
z2 i s r
1 a k e2 e n e2
zk z1
1 a 1 a
4( s r ) n
k
1 a 1 13. 0, z1 , z2 are vertices of an equilateral triangle
zk a 1
1 a 1 a 1 a 2
z1 z2 z1 z2 z1 z2 3z1 z 2
2 2
1 1 k
zk lies within z 1 a 1 a where z1 z 2 1 and z1 z 2
2
14. Let z x iy , where x,y R
8. The equations z 2 a 2 3a 2 and
y 2 2 y c 2 2ac 0 and x=c
z 2 i a represent two circles having since y R , we have 0
centres C1 2, 0 and C2 0, 2 and 4-4 c 2 2ac 0
c 2 2ac 1 0
radii a 2 3a 2 and ‘a’ respectively these two
The above inequality must be true c R (given)
circles will intersect if C1C2 sum of the radii
0 4a2 4 0
2 a 2 3a 2 a Which is impossible for any a I
Hence, number of integral values of ' a ' is zero
2 a2 a2 3a 2 a 2 0 a 2
15. | z 2 2i | 1 | z 2 2i | 1
5 5
9. i j z lies on a circle having centre at (2, 2) and
1i j 100
radius 1.
2
15 25 35 45 .... y
110 210 310 10
4 .... 0 0 0
100, if r=100k x
Since, 1r 2r r
...100
0, if r 100k
0 4
P
2
10. z2 z1cis ( by Coni’s theorem ) C
n
11. arg z P lies on the line y=x reflect (0,1) in
4
the line y=x the image is (1,0).The equation of line It is evident from the figure that the required complex
joining (1,0) and (0,2) is y=-2x+2 which meets the number z is given by the point P. We find that OP
2 2 makes an angle / 4 with OX and
line y=x at , . Hence P is
3 3 OP OC CP 2 2 22 1 2 2 1
2
1 i k 2
p 2 2 1 cos , sin
3 4 4
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2 1 1 n n
16. Since and 2 the given relation may r r r
1 n Cr i r 1 n Cr i 2
r0 r 0
1 1 1 2
be rewritten as and n
r r
n
r
a b c 1 n Cr i3 1 nCr
r 0 r 0
1 1 1 2
2 n n n n
1 i 1 i 2 1 i 3 1 1
2 2 2
a b c
Clearly and are the roots of
2
n n
1 i 2 n 1 i
1 1 1 2
n
a x b x c x x n n/ 2
2 2 cos i sin
put x =1 and verify 4 4
17. Let
n
n
x2 2 n/2 n
cos i sin 2 2
n / 2 1
cos
S sin x sin sin 2 ... 4 4 4
2!
x2
19. Given OA OB . So we can write z 2 z1ei
C cos x cos cos 2 ...
2! Hence p ( z1 z2 ) z1 (1 ei )
C iS cos i sin q z1 z2 z1 ei
2
x cos i sin +
p 2 (1 ei )2 i / 2 2
q
e i
e i / 2
e 4cos2
2
x2
cos 2 i sin 2
2! 20. As zi , z2 ………..zn lie on the circle |z| = 2,
2
i x 2 i 2 zi = 2 z i =4
i
e xe e ...
2! zi zi = 4 for i = 1, 2, 3, ………, n
x2 1 1
ei 1 xei ei 2 ...
2! Thus z = z i for i= 1, 2, ….., n.
i 4
i
ei .e xe (since the series within brackets is an 1 1 1
E = |z + z + ….+ z | - 4 z1 z1 ... z n
exponential series) 1 2 n 4 4 4
i x cos i sin
e e
ei .e x cos ei x sin = |z1 + z2 + ….+ zn| - z1 z1 ... zn
e x cos ei x sin
= |z1 + z2 + ….+ zn| - z1 z2 ... zn
C iS e x cos [cos x sin
=0 [ |z| = | z |]
+ i sin x sin ]
az1 a z1
Equating imaginary parts on both sides, we get 21. Let w , then w 1 w ei
bz2 b z2
S e x cos sin x sin
Where 0 2
n
r n
18. 1 Cr i 5 r i 6 r i 7 r i 8 r 1
r0 z w
w
n
r
1 n Cr i r i 2 r i 3r 1 ei e i 2cos z is purely real
r 0
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22. 4 z2 z3 9 z3 z1 16 z1 z2 LEVEL-IV
= z1 z1 z 2 z3 z2 z2 z3 z1 z3 z3 z1 z2 2
1. I. If z 2 then the greatest value of z is
z
| z1 || z2 || z3 || z1 z2 z3 |
3 1
| z1 || z2 || z3 || z1 z2 z3 | 120
23. Clearly origin is the centre of the polygon 3
II. z 1 z 1 then the least value of
2
Let z1 rei z1 re i .
3
z
Re (z) = rcos &Im z1 = – rsin 4
1) only I is true 2) Only II is true
I m z1 sin
= =1– 2 3) both I and II are true 4) Neither I nor II are true
Re z cos
2. Statement – I: If Z is such that
tan ( ) = 2 1 if ‘n’ be the z 2
8 z 2i 2 2 then Arg is
z2 4
no. of sides then = n= 8 Statement – II: The angle subtended by a chord
n
of circle at the center is twice the angle
2 2 subtended by it at a point on the major arc of
24. z z z z 350 the circle.
1) I and II are true 2) I is true II is false
2 x 2 y 2 x 2 y 2 350
3) I false II is true 4) I is false II is false
x y2 2
x y 257 16 9169
2 2
3. Statement – I.: If z1 z 2 2 z3 0 , t h e n
Vertices are 4, 3 z1 , z 2 , z3 are the vertices of an equilateral
triangle here represents complex cube root
of unity.
i
Z3 Statement-II: If z3 z1 z 2 z1 e 3 , then z1 , z 2 , z3
25. Z2 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle.
Z1 1) I and II are true 2) I is true II is false
3) I false II is true 4) I is false II is false
z1 z2 z1 z 2 i 4. Statement (I): The maximum value of
By Coni's theorem z z z z e
3 2 3 2 2i 1
f i is
3 ie 2
z1 z2 z z
1 3 Statement (II) : The minimum value of
z3 z 2 z3 z 2
2i
z z f is 1
3 2 is purely real 3 iei
z 2 z1
1) I and II are true 2) I is true II is false
3) I false II is true 4) I is false II is false
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JEE-MAIN-SR-MATHS VOL-I COMPLEX NUMBERS
5. Statement (I): Let m, n be two natural numbers z 1
Assertion (A): z x iy is such that 1
such that m a 2 b 2 and n c 2 d 2 for 9. z 1
some a, b, c, d I , then there exist e, f I then locus of z is a circle.
such that mn e 2 f 2 zz
1
Reason (R): If z z 1 then locus of z is
2
Statement (II): If z1 , z2 C , then
perpendicular bisector of z1, z2 .
z1 z2 z1 z2 if and only if z1 z2 0 10. Assertion(A): z1 1 i, z2 1 i then the polar
1) I and II are true 2) I is true II is false z1
3) I false II is true 4) I is false II is false form of z is 1, 2
2
6. Statement (I) : If 1 is a cube root of unity z1
Reason(R): z1 r1 cos 1, z2 r2 cos 2 then z
and z is a complex number such that z 1 2
is represented as a point in the polar form
2 3 4 z 2
then 1 r1
4 3 2 z 2 z ,1 2
r
2
Statement (II): If z1 , z2 are two complex 11. Assertion(A): Area of triangle formed by
1 i, 1 i, 2i is 1 square unit.
numbers, then z1 z2 z1 z2 Reason(R): Area of triangle formed by the
1) I and II are true 2) I is true II is false 1 2
complex numbers z, iz, z iz is z
3) I false II is true 4) I is false II is false 2
MATCHING TYPE
ASSERTION & REASON TYPE 12. Match the following
Code: i
1) Both A and R are true and R is explanation of A 1) i a) i
2
2) A is true and R is false
2) loge i b) i log
3) A false, R is true 2 2
4) Both A, R are false 3) log log i c) 2
7. Assertion(A): The principal amplitude of
4) i i d) e 2
complex number x ix is .
4 e) e 2
Reason(R): The principal amplitude of a 1) e,a,b,c 2) d,a,b,c 3) d,b,e,c 4) c,b,c,d
13. Match the following for complex number z with
complex number x iy is if y x . the corresponding locus
4
I) z 1 a) straght line
1 3 1 3
8. Assertion(A): 1, 0 2 , 2 2 , 2 form II) z 2i z 2i 4 b) ellipse
an equilateral triangle III) Re z 2 4 c) hyperbola
Reason(R): The cube roots of unity taken as IV) z z 4 d) line segment
vertices of a triangle then the triangle is an e) circle
equilateral triangle. 1) e,d,c,a 2) b, c,a,d 3) a,d,b,c 4) e,c,a,b
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14. A point ‘z’ moves such that z2 z1 w z3 z1
z 5i z 11i 10 then match the following
column. z3 z1 2 ( z 2 z1 )
Column I Column II
i
1) Maximum z (p) 3 z3 z1 e 3
z2 z1
39 z1 , z 2 , z3 form an equilateral triangle
2) Minimum z (q)
4 2 4 2
3) tan (min arg z ) (r) 13 4. f 2 2
3 sin cos 5 3sin
39
4) tan (max arg z ) (s) 1
4 thus, f 1
1) r, p, q, s 2) p, r, q, s 3) r, p, s, q 4) p, q, r, s 2
15. z1, z2, z3 are vertices of a triangle 2 2
Match the following functions given in 5. I : m a ib and n c id
Column-I with the ranges given in Column-II 2
Column-I Column – II mn a ib c id
1) z12 + z22 + z32 = z2 z3 + z3z1 + z1 z2
(p) right angled ac bd i ad bc
z 3 z1 e2 f 2 where
2) Re = 0 (q) obtuse angled
z 3 z 2 e ac bd , f ad bc I
z 3 z1 2 2
3) Re < 0 (r) Isosceles and right II : z1 z2 z1 z2
z3 z 2
angled Re z1z2 z1z2 z1 z2 0
z 3 z1
4) =i (s) equilateral 2 3 4 z 2 1 2 3 4 2 z
z3 z2 6. I: .
4 3 2 z 2 z z 2 3 4 z 1
1) p,s,q,r 2) s, p, r, q 3) s, p, q, r 4) p, s, r, q
1 2 3 4 2 z 1
1
LEVEL-IV - KEY 2
z 2 3 4 z z
1) 3 2) 1 3) 1 4) 3 5) 2 6) 2 7) 4
8) 3 9) 3 10) 1 11) 1 12) 2 13) 1 14) 1 II : z1 z2 doesnot imply z1 z2 , however,,
15) 3 z1 z2
LEVEL-IV - HINTS 7. In the complex number z=x+iy, principal
amplitude depends on the sign of x,y
1. I: z1 z2 z1 z2
II: Z lies on the hyperbola with (-1,0) and (1,0) as because
focii 8. AB BC
2. (2,0),(-2,0) lies on the given circle ABC is not an equilateral triangle
3. Subtracting z1 1 w w 2 0 from z 1
9. 1 is not a circle
z 1
z1 wz 2 w2 z3 0 we get
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z1 1 i Maximum of z = OA ' =13
10. z 1 i i
2
Minimum of z =OA= 3
1 2 1 2 1
11. area = | z | |1 i | 2 1 Equation of the ellipse is
2 2 2
2
i
x2 y 8
12. 1) x i log x i.log i xe 2 1 -----(1)
2 16 25
Equation of the line passing through
2) log i i
2
the origin is y mx --------- -- -- (2)
3) log log i i log From (1) and (2)
2 2
2
1 i 1 i 2 y2
y 8 1
4) i i 2
2 2 2 m2 (16) 25
13. Let z x iy
y 2 (25 16m 2 ) 162 m 2 y 16m2 (39) 0
2 2
1) x y 1 is circle
(1) and (2) satisfied by same ‘y’ values
2) locus of z is line segment
3) locus of z is hyperbola 0
4) locus of z is a straight line
39
14. Z 5i Z 11i 10 m
4
S 1 (0,11) , S (0,5) , C (0,8)
39
Here 2b 10 b 5 tan(min arg z )
4
Now 2be SS 1 6
3 39
be 3 , b 5 e tan(max arg z )
5 4
Now a 2 b 2 (1 e2 ) 16 a 4 15. 1) z1 , z2 , z3 form an equilateral triangle
Y z3 z1 z3 z1
A (0, 13) 2) Re z z 0 arg z z 2
3 2 3 2
S1 z3 z1 z3 z1
3) Re z z 0 arg z z 2
B1 C B 3 2 3 2
z3 z1
S 4) z3 z1 z3 z2 and arg z z 2
3 2
A(0, 3)
0 X
51
Velammal Bodhi IIT Academy
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