4 Alternating Current

TOPICWISE QUESTIONS

Average and RMS Value of AC

effective value of current
i=2 sinl00rt + 2 cos (100t +30°) is
T 3T
(1) V2A (2) 22+V3A 2 2

(3) 4A (4) 2/2 A

2. The rms value of current i=3+4 sin (ot+ /3) is
(2) 2
(1) 5A (2) 17 A
7 (3) (4)
A (4) 4 2

3. An ACçurrent is given by l=I,+I, sin ot. Its rms value 7. The voltage-time (V- graph for a triangular wave
will be having peak value V, is shown the figure. The average
value of voltage Vin the time interval from t = 0 to Tis
(1) J;+0.5I; (2) J;+0.51;
(3) 0 (4 T/2

0 T4
Current in an ACcircuit is given by i= 2\2 sin( +r/4).
The average value of the current during time t = 0to
t=1 sis -%

(1) 0 (2) A (3) A (4) 2V2 A (1) 0 (2)

T

In the given figure, if i, =3 sino tand i, =4 cosot,then

i, is (3) (4) none of these

XAsquare wave ACof current 2 A is passed through an

ACammeter. Reading shown by it is
(1) J2A (2) 2 A
1
(1) 5sin(ot+ 53°) (2) 5 sin(ot+37°) (4) none of these
(3) 5 sinot+ 459) (4) 5 cos(ot+ 53)
8. The mean and rms value of an alternating voltage for B. Aperiodic voltage Vvaries with time t as shown in the
half cycle., as shown in the figure, respectively, are figure. If T is the time period, then the rmns value of the
voltage is
42 Magnetisrn and Eloctnaret,Indutn
Y4. Whcn an AC sourcc of emf e I, sint 1(0) s otinected
across a circuit, the phasc d1fference hetween the crnf
e and thc current iin the circuit is observed to he
T4 shown in the diagram. If the circuitconsists poss1bly omly
of RC or RL or LCin series, then find the relationship
between the two elements.

(2) (3) V, (4)

2

46. The average value of voltage for a triangular wave

having peak value V,as shown in the figure, for time
T
interval =0 to = 2' is
(1) R=1 kl, C= 10 uF (2) R=1kl, C= luF
(3) R=1kl, L= 10H (4) R= 1 k2, L= 1H
15/ In a circuit, L,Cand R are connected in series with an
V alternating voltage source of frequency f. The current
0 leads the voltage by 45°. The value of C is
TI2 3TI2 27
1
(1) (2)
2nf (2nfL +R) 2rf(2r fL-R)
1 1
(3) (4)
(1) (2) o (3) (4) V,C nf (2rfL-R) Tf (2rfL +R)
V3 2
16. What is the value of inductance L for which the current
1. What is the rms value of an alternating current which is maximum in a series LCR circuit with C= 10 uF and
when passed through a resistor produces heat which is O= 1000 rad/s?
thrice of that produced by a direct current of 2Ain the
(1) 10mH
same resistor?
(2) 100 mH
(1) 6A (2) 2A (3) 1 mH
(3) 3.46A (4) 0.66 A
(4) Cannot be calculated unless R is known

Types of AC Circuit An inductance of 1 mH, a condenser of 10 uF and a

resistance of 50 2 are connected in series. The reactance
12. If the value of R is changed for the circuit given below, of inductor and condenser are same. The reactance of
then either of them will be

10 V
(1) 100 S2 (2) 30S2 (3) 3.2 SQ (4) 10 Q
10 V R
rO000 A 110 V, 60 W lamp is run from a 220 V ACmains using
acapacitor in series with the lamp, instead of a resistor.
Then the voltage across the capacitor is about
(1) 110 V (2) 190 V (3) 220 V (4) 311 V
Supply
9. The resistance that must be connected in series with
(1) voltage across L remains same inductance of 0.2 Hin order that the phase diference
(2) voltage across Cremains same between current and emfmay be 45° when the frequency
(3) voltage across LC combination remains same is 50 Hz, is
(4) voltageacross LC combination changes (1) 6.28 Q (2) 62.8 N (3) 628 2 (4) 31.4 2

3. When 100 V DC is applied across a coil, a current of 20. An inductive circuit contains resistance of 10 Q and
IAflows through it. When J00 VACof 50Hz is applied an inductance of 20 H. If an AC voltage of 120 V and
to the sarme coil, only 0.5 A flows. The inductance of the Irequency 60 Hz applied to this circuit, the current
coil is would nearly be
(1) 0.55 H (2) 55 mH (3) 0.55 mH (4) 5.5 mH (1) 0.016A (2) 0.16 A (3) 0.48A (4) 0.80A
Alternating Curent 4.3

x. The selfinductance ofthe motor of anclectric fan is 10 H. the AC circuit given below, the voltmeter whosc
In order to impart maximum power at 50 Hz, it should rcading will be zero at resonance is
be conncted to a capacitor of capacitance (Take r?= 10)
() 2x 10F (2) 3 x10F
(3) 10*F (4) 10+ F

22. At a frequency o,, the reactance of a capacitor is equal C R

to that of an inductor. If the frequency is changed to 20,,
then the ratio of reactance of the inductor to that of the
capacitor is
(1) 4:1 (2) V2:1 (1) Y (2) , (3) ; (4) V,
(3) 1:2V2 (4) 1:2
28. In the given LCR circuit, the voltage across the terminals
of the resistor and current will, respectively, be
23. The phase difference between current and voltage in an
AC circuit is radian. If the frequency of AC is 50 Hz,
4
then the phase difference is equivalent to the time R= 50 Q 400 V 400 V
difference
(1) 0.78s (2) 15.7 ms (3) 2.5 s (4) 2.5 ms
100 V, 50 Hz
24/In the circuit shown in fgure, if source resistance is
neglected, then the voltmeter and ammeter readings will, (1) 400 V,2A (2) 800 V, 2 A
respectively, be (3) 100 V, 2A (4) 100 V,4A
29. In the circuit shown in the figure, the AC source gives
a voltage V= 20 cos(2000 ) volt. Neglecting source
Ww
resistance, the voltmeter and ammeter readings will,
R= 30 2 X,= 25 2 X=25 2 respectively, be
62

5 mH, 4 Q 50 F
240 V, 50 Hz 0000
(1) 0 V, 8A (2) 150 V,8A
(3) 150 V, 3A (4) 0V, 3A (1) 0 V, 1.4 A (2) 5.6 V, 1.4 A
(3) 0 V, 0.47 A (4) 1.68 V,0.47 A
25. Astudent connects along air-cored coil of manganin
wire to a 100 V DCsupply and records a current of 25 A. S0. The power factor of an AC circuit having resistance R
When the same coil is connected across 100 V, 50 Hz AC, and inductance L (connected in series) and an angular
the current reduces to 20 A. The reactance of the coil is frequency o is:
(1) 4 Q (2) 32 R R
(1) (2)
(3) 5 S2 (4) none of these (R² +o?j2
26, Af E, =200 V, R= 25 2,L=0.1 Hand C= 10-5 Fand the (3)
oL R
(4)
frequency is variable, then the current at f=0 and f= o R (R- o°Ly
will, respectively, be 31. Abulb rated as 100V-100 Wcan be treated as a resistor.
Find out the inductance of an inductor (called choke
R
coil) that should be connected in series with the bulb to
operate the bulb at its rated power with the help of an AC
source of 200V and 50 Hz.
E
(1) H (2) 1003H

(1) 0 A, 8 A (2) 8A,0 A

(3) 8A, 8A (4) 0A, 0A (3 (4)
4.4 Magnetism and Electromagnetic Inducion
32. In an LCR series AC cieuit, the
yoltugo uorONN
the components. Z., Cand Ris 50 V, The voltageCuoh oI
the LC eonbination will be ucross
(3)
() S0 V (2) S0/2 V
(3) 100v (4) 0
33. ln a series resonant LCR circuit, the
voltage across K
is 100 V and R = 1kQ with C= 2
uF. The resonant
frequency o is 200 rad/s. At resonance, the voltage
across L is (4) -
(1) 2.5 x 10-² V (2) 40 V
(3) 250 V (4) 4x 10- V
34. An ACvoltage source V= V, sin ot is
connected across 36. The output of an AC generator is given by
resistance R and capacitance C as shown in the figure. It and the current is given by
is given that R= 1
E=E, sin o-4
and the peak current is I,. If the
angular frequency of the voltage source is changed to i=i, sin ot The circuit contains a single

then the new peak current in the circuit is element other than the generator. It is
V3
(1) a capacitor
R
(2) a resistor
(3) an inductor
V, sinor (4) not possible to decide due to lack of information
37. In the circuit shown, assuming all ammeters to be ideal,
if readings of the ammeters A, and 4, arei, and i,
respectively, then reading of the ammeter A, 0s
(1) (2)
2 R
(4w
(3) (4) 3

35. The voltage across a pure inductor is represented by the

following diagram. Which of the following diagrams
willrepresent the current across it? ACsource

(1) equal to (i, + i,)

(2) greater than (i, + i,)
(3) less than (i, + i,)
(4) equalito 2|(, -i,)|
%A2F capacitor is initially charged to 20 Vand then
shorted across a 8 uH inductor. The maximum value of
the current in the circuit is
(1) 10.0A (2) 7.5 A (3) 12.0A (4) 8.2 A
(1)
39. Acapacitor of 50uF, aresistor 102, and an ideal inductor
L, are in series with an ideal AC source of frequency
50 Hz. The value of L, for which the phase angle between
current and voltage is zero, will be (Take '= 10)
(1) 0.2 H (2) 0.4 H (3) 2 H (4) 4 H
(2) 0. In the given ideal oscillating circuit, the capacitance o
the capacitor is 25 uF and has initial charge of 30 :
Alternating Current
4.5

rhe inductance of coil is 0.04

H. The maximum The value of current in two series LCR circuits at
magnitude of current in the circuit, after closing the resonance is same when connected across a sinusoidal
switch K, is
voltage source. Then
K
C= 25 4F (1) both the circuits must be having same value of
capacitance and inductance
(2) in both the circuits, ratio of L and C will be same
Q=30 uC
(3) for both the circuits, X must be same at that
frequency
(4) both the circuits must have same impedance at all
000000
L=0.04 H frequencies
46. In the circuit shown, resistance R= 100 2, inductance
(1) 10 mA (2) 30mA (3) 60 mA (4) 3 mA 8
L=ZH and capacitance C= uF are connected in
Two identical bulbs are connected to an AC source by
using an inductor and a capacitor in series with the bulbs series with an AC source of 200 V and frequency f. If the
as shown. Then the brightness of B, and B, will be readings of the hot wire voltmeters V, and , are same,
L then choose the incorrect option.

B,
R C

B, 00000

(1) samne for both cases

(2) more for B, than B, (1) f= 125 Hz
(3) dependent on the frequency of source (2) f= 250r Hz
(3) Current through R=2 A
(4) more for B, than B,
(4) V=V,= 1000 V
2. The series RLCcircuit in resonance is called
(1) selector circuit (2) rejector circuit
47) For the given AC circuit, which of the following statements
is incorrect?
(3) amplifier circuit (4) oscillator circuit
43. Ina series RLC circuit, the frequency of the source is half X, = 10 2 X= 10 2 R= 10 2
of the resonant frequency. The nature of the circuit will 000000 HE
be
(1) capacitive (2) inductive
(3) purely resistive (4) selective
(44) In the given circuit, if the readings of V, and V, are 100 V E= 100 sin (100 Tt +/2)

each, then the reading of V, is (1) The voltage across resistance is lagging by 90° than
L R the voltage across capacitor.
w (2) The voltage acYoss capacitor is lagging by 180° than
the voltage across inductor.
(3) The voltage across inductor is leading by 90° than
the voltage across resistance.
(4) Resistance of the circuit is not equal to reactance of
the circuit.
200V, 50 Hz
(|) 0 48. The impedance of a series RL circuit is same as that of a
series RC circuit when connected to the same AC source
(2) 100 V
(3) 200 V separately, keeping the same resistance. The frequency
of the source is
(4) cannot be deterimined by the given information
46
Magnetism and Electromagnetic
Inducion
sIn aseries LCR circuit, R= 200 52 and the voltaee .
(1)
(2) the frequency of the main supply are 220 Vand 50
Hz,
respectively. On laking out the capacitance frroom
circuit, the current lages behind the voltage by 30.
the
(3); (4) On
RC taking out the inductor from the circuit, the current
49, A high impedance AC leads
voltmeter is the voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the lc
acOss the inductor, the capacitor andconnccted in turn circuit is
the
series circuit having an AC source of 100 recsistor in a (1) 242 W (2) 305 W(3) 210 W (4) zero
V (rms) and
gives the same reading in volts in each
is case. This reading 55.JA fully charged capacitor C with initial charge 4, is
connected to a coil of selfinductance Lat =0. The ti
(1) 100 \V (2) 141 V
(3) 150 V (4) 200V which the energy is stored equally between the clect
50. For the series circuit shown and the magnetic fields is
in the figure, the voltmeter
reading will be (all the meters are (1) 2ryLC (2) VLC
ideal)
300 V 300 V
(3) LC (4) NLC
4

Lwww 56. When a voltage V,= 200W2 sin(o t + 15) is applied

R
to an AC circuit, the current in the circuit is found to ks
i=2sin (ot+ /4). Then the average power consumed
200 V in the circuit is
(1) 200 W (2) 400/2w
(1) 300 V (2) 200 V (3) 100 V (4) 600 V (3) 100/6 w (4) 200/2 w
51. Current in an AC circuit is given by i=3
Then
sinot +4 cosot. $1. An alternating voltage of 260 V and o = 100 rad's. is
(1) the rms value of current is 5 A applied across an LCR series circuit, where L = 0.0lH
(2) the mean value of current in one half period
C=4x10 F andR= 102. The power supplied by the
will be Source is

T
(1) 1000 W (2) 6760 W (3) 3380W (4) 3000 W
(3) if voltage applied is V= V_ sinot, the circuit must be 58) The self inductance of a choke coil is 10 mH. When it is
containing resistance and capacitance connected with a 10V DCsource, then the loss of power
(4) if voltage applied is V= V sino t, the circuit may is 20 W. When it is connected with 10 VAC Source,
loss
contain only resistance and inductance of power is 10 W. The frequency of AC source will be
() s0Hz (2) 60 Hz (3) 138 Hz (4) 100 Hz
Power /n AC Circuit 89. The potential difference Vand current I flowing through
52/ Aseries RLC circuit consists of an 8.0 resistor, a an AC circuit is given by V=5 cos(ot- /6) volt and
5.0 uF capacitor and a 50.0 mH inductor. A variable I= 10 sino t ampere. The average power
the circuit is
dissipated in
frequency source applies an emf of 400 V(rms) across the
combination. The power delivered to the circuit when the
(1) 25/3 W
frequency isequal to one-half the resonant frequency is 2 (2) 12.5 W
(1) 52 W (2) 57 W (3) 63 W (4) 69 W
(3) 25 W (4) 50W
In an AC circuit, the voltage applied is E= E,sino t. The
(60. JAn LCR series circuit with 100 Q resistance is
connected
resulting current in the circuit is l= l, sin ot The to an AC source of 200 V and angular
frequency 30
radians per second. When only the capacitance 1s
power consumption in the circuit is removed, the current lags behind the voltage by 60°.
When only the inductance is removed, the current
(1)
s (2) zero
leads the voltage by 60°. Calculate the average
dissipated in LCR circuit
power
(3)
2
(4) V2E,l, (1) 100 W (2) 200 W (3) 300 W (4) 250 W
Alternatng Curent 47

IWhat is the amount ol power delverel by the AC OUCe

A7, ln a neica L circun, the voltayc drop scrus inductor 19
shoun
u the ciwut HVmd ACToSs FeIator is 6 V, Then the voltaye applicd
nd the power factor ofthe circuit, respcctively, are
WW () 14 V, ),% (2) 10 V, ),4
(3) 10 V, 0,6 (4) 14 V, 0,6

R, 6) 68.) In the series LCR circuit shown in the figure, the heat
devclopcd in 80s and the amplitude of wattless currcnt,
respectivcly, are
R=4S2 X,- 72 X 42
00000

ms

( ) 500W (2) 1014 W (3) 1S14 W (4) 2013 W

E= 25 sin (100 T° + /2)
s The series conmbination of resistance R and inductance (2) 8000J, 3 A
(1) 4000J, 3 A
L is connected to an alternating source of emf (3) 4000J, 4 A (4) 8000 J, 5 A
31l sin(100 t). If the value of wattless current is
0.5 Aand the impedance of the circuit is 311 2, then the Transformer
power factor willbe
primary
1 In a step-up transformer, the ratio of turns of the
(2) (3)! 230 V
(1
2
(4) and the secondary is 1:25. If the input voltage is
current
and the current through the load is 2 A, then the
3.n aseries LR circuit, X, =3R. Now a capacitor with in the primary is
Y=R is added in series. The ratio of new to old power (2) 25 A (3) 12.5A (4) 6.25A
(1) 50 A
factor is
0. The number of turns in the primary and secondary of
() /2 (2) (3) 2 (4) 1 transformer are N, and N, respectively. The resistance
of the secondary circuit is R. Then equivalent resistance
sinusoidal voltage V, sinot is applied across a of the primary circuit is
series combination of resistance R and inductor L.
The amplitude of the wattless current in this circuit is
(1) R, (2) R, N,
V, oL
(1) R+o (2) R+ Lo
(3) R,
N.
(4) R,

(3) (R+Lo) (4)

R A. The quantity that remains unchanged in atransformer is
(1) voltage (2) current
65. In the circuit shown in the figure, if the value of ms (3) frequency (4) None of the above
current is 2.2 A, then the power factor of the box is
M. Which quantity is increased in step-down transformer?
100 2 C (1) current (2) voltage
W
(3) power (4) frequency
Box
M3. The core of atransformer is laminated so that
(1) the ratio of the voltage in the secondary to that in the
primary may be increased
V= 220 V, o = 100t S-!
ms
(2) the energy losses due to eddy currents may be minimized
(3) the weight of the transformer may be reduced
(4) the rusting of the core may be prevented
(1) (2) 1 (3)
2
(4) 2
4. The electric power is transferred to large distances at
6. Acircuit has a resistance of 12 S2 and an impedance of high potentials because
15S2. The power factor of the circuit will be (1) it stops the wire theft
(1) 0.8 (2) 0.4 (3) I.25 (4) 0.125 (2) power losses are minimized
 Magnetism and Electromagnetic Inducion
4.8
then the frequency of the current in the secondary coil
(3) generator gives only high potential willbe
(4) electric power gets transferred fastly due to high (1) 500Hz (2) 5 Hz (3) 60 Hz (4) 50 Hz
potential
89. Apower transformer is used to step-up an alternating
78. In a transformer, 220 AC voltage is stepped-up to cmf of 220 volt to 11 kV to transmit 4.4 kW of power.
2200 V. If the number of turns in the secondary are 2000, 1000 turns, what is the curTent in
then the number of turns in the primary will be Ifthe primary coil has
the secondary?
(1) 200 (2) 100 (C) 50 (D) 20 (2) 0.4 A (3) 0.04 A (4) 0.2 A
(1) 4A
76. A transformer connected to 220 volt line shows an output
8 Atransformer with 8:1 turns ratio has 60 Hz.
120
of 2A at l1000V. If the efficiency ofthe transformer is
100%, then the current drawn from the line is The frequency of output is
input.
(1) 40 Hz (2) 480 Hz
(1) 100 A (2) 200 A (3) 22 A (4) 11A
(3) 2 Hz (4) 60 Hz
The ratio of the secondary to the primary turns in a
power at 2300 V
transformer is 3: 2 and the output power is P. Neglecting 82. A power transmission line feeds input
4000 turns in i
all the power losses, the input power must be to a step-down transformer having
primary. What should be the number of turns
in the
2P 3P 230V?
(1) (2) P (3) (4) secondary to get an output power at
3 2 (3) 600 (4) 800
(1) 400 (2) 200
The secondary coil of an ideal step-down transformer is
delivering 500Wpower at 12.5 Acurrent. If the ratio of 83. The output voltage of an ideal transformer, connected to
turns in the primary to the secondary is 5: 1, then the a 240 V AC mains, is 24 V. This transformer is used to
current flowing in the primary coil will be light a bulb with rating 24 V-24 W. Calculate the current
(1) 62.5 A (2) 2.5 A (3) 6 A (4) 0.4 A in the primary coil of the circuit.
(1) 0.1 A (2) 0.2 A
In a step-up transformer, the turns ratio is 10. If the (4) None of these
(3) 0.5 A
frequency of the current in the primary coil is 50 Hz,

ANSWER KEYS

4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (1) 8. (2) 9. (2) 10. (2)

1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (1)
11. (3) 12. (3) 13. (1) 14. (1) 15. (1) 16. (2) 17. (4) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (1)
21. (4) 22. (1) 23. (4) 24. (1) 25. (2) 26. (4) 27. (4) 28. (3) 29. (2) 30. (2)
31. (4) 32. (4) 33. (3) 34. (2) 35. (4) 36. (3) 37. (3) 38. (1) 39. (1) 40. (2)
41. (3) 42. (1) 43. (1) 44. (3) 45. (3) 46. (2) 47. (1) 48. (2) 49. (1) 50. (2)
51. (3) 52. (2) 53. (2) 54. (1) 55. (4) 56. (3) 57. (1) 58. (3) 59. (2) 60. (2)
61. (3) 62. (2) 63. (1) 64. (1) 65. (1) 66. (1) 67. (3) 68. (1) 69. (1) 70. (4)
71. (3) 72. (1) 73. (2) 74. (2) 75. (1) 76. (1) 77. (2) 78. (2) 79. (4) 80. (2)
81. (4) 82. (1) 83. (1)