Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1
The method which changes the state of an object is known as:

pure method

impure method

replace method

none of the above

Answer

impure method

Reason — The method which changes the state of an object is known as impure method.

Question 2
Parameters used in method call statement are known as:

defined parameter

passed parameter

actual parameter

formal parameter

Answer

actual parameter

Reason — Parameters used in method call statement are known as actual parameter.

Question 3
Parameters used in the method definition are called:

forward parameter

actual parameter

formal parameter

none of the above

Answer

formal parameter

Reason — Parameters used in the method definition are called formal parameters.

Question 4
The process of calling a method in such a way that the change in the formal arguments reflects on the actual parameter is
known as:

call by reference

call by value
call by method

none

Answer

call by reference

Reason — The process of calling a method in such a way that the change in the formal arguments reflects on the actual
parameter is known as call by reference.

Question 5
A method with many definitions is called:

multiple method

method overloading

floating method

none

Answer

method overloading

Reason — A method with many definitions is called method overloading.

Question 6
A method may be associated with:

return

call

promote

none

Answer

return

Reason — A method may be associated with return.

Question 7
Which of the following type can be used for a non-returnable method?

int

float

double

void

Answer

void

Reason — void type is used for a non-returnable method.

Question 8
A method body is enclosed within a pair of:

{}

[]

()

under a rectangular box

Answer

{}

Reason — A method body is enclosed within a pair of { }.

Question 9
A method is invoked through an:

object

system

parameter

none

Answer

object

Reason — A method is invoked through an object.

Fill in the blanks

Question 1
A method can return only one value to its caller program.

Question 2
If a method does not return any value its return type is void.

Question 3
A method indicating the method name, return type along with method arguments is known as method header/prototype.

Question 4
The variables used to receive the values in method header are known as formal parameters.

Question 5
Method in a Java program resides in package.

Question 6
The entire method body is enclosed under curly brackets.
Question 7
The procedural method performs some actions without returning any output.

Question 8
A method contains header and body.

Question 9
Methods used with same name but different types of arguments are known as method overloading.

Question 10
A method that is called by itself in its body is known as recursive method.

Write TRUE or FALSE

Question 1
Calling and invoking a method is same.
True

Question 2
A method can use a single return statement.
True

Question 3
Overloading of methods even depends on return type.
False

Question 4
A method cannot be defined without parameters.
False

Question 5
A method body is enclosed within curly brackets.
True

Give output of the following method definitions and also write what mathematical operations they
carry out

Question 1

void test1(int n)

for(int x = 1; x <= n; x++)

if(n % x == 0)

System.out.println(x);

}
if 12 is passed to n.

Answer

Output

12

Explanation

This method finds the factors of n.

Question 2

void test2(int a, int b)

while( a != b)

if ( a > b)

a = a — b;

else

a = b — a;

System.out.println(a);

if 4 and 17 are passed to the method.

Answer

Output

Infinite Loop

Explanation

Initial value of a is 4 and b is 17 as given in the question. As a and b are not equal, condition of while loop is true, first
iteration starts. a is less than b so if condition is false, a = b - a is executed and a becomes 17 - 4 = 13.
Condition of while loop is true so second iteration starts. Again, if condition is false. This time a becomes 17 - 13 =
4. Like this, the value of a keeps oscillating between 13 and 4 resulting in an infinite loop.

Question 3

void test3(char c)
{

System.out.println( (int) c);

if 'm' is passed to c.

Answer

Output

109

Explanation

This method prints the ASCII code of its argument. When 'm' is passed to this method, its ASCII code which is 109 gets
printed as the output.

Question 4

void test4(String x, String y)

if(x.compareTo(y) > 0)

System.out.println(x);

else

System.out.println(y);

if "AMIT" and "AMAN" are passed to the method.

Answer

Output

AMIT

Explanation

will be ASCII Code of 'I' - ASCII Code of 'A' ⇒ 73 - 65 ⇒ 8. The if condition is true so string x which is "AMIT" gets printed as
The first differing characters of "AMIT" and "AMAN" are 'I' and 'A', respectively. So output of "AMIT".compareTo("AMAN")

the output.

Case-Study based question

Question 1
A method is a program module that is used simultaneously at different instances in a program. It helps a user to reuse the
same module multiple times in the program. Whenever you want to use a method in your program, you need to call it
through its name. Some of the components/features of a method are as described below:

(a) It defines the scope of usage of a method in the user's program.

(b) It is the value passed to the method at the time of its call.

(c) It is a return type that indicates that no value is returned from the method.

(d) It is an object oriented principle which defines method overloading.

Write the appropriate term used for each component/feature described above.

Answer

(a) Access specifier

(b) Actual parameter

(c) void

(d) Polymorphism

Answer the following

Question 1
Define a method. What is meant by method prototype?

Answer

A program module used at different instances in a program to perform a specific task is known as a method or a function.

First line of method definition that contains the access specifier, return type, method name and a list of parameters is
called method prototype.

Question 2
What are the two ways of invoking methods?

Answer

Two ways of invoking methods are:

Pass by value.

Pass by reference.

Question 3
When a method returns the value, the entire method call can be assigned to a variable. Do you agree with the statement?

Answer

Yes, when a method returns a value, we can assign the entire method call to a variable. The given example illustrates the
same:

public class Example {

public int sum(int a, int b) {

int c = a + b;

return c;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Example obj = new Example();

 int x = 2, y = 3;

int z = obj.sum(x, y);

System.out.println(z);

Question 4
When a method is invoked how many values can be returned from the method?

Answer

A method can only return a single value.

Question 5
Debug the errors and rewrite the following method prototypes:

(a) int sum(x,y);

(b) float product(a,int y);

(c) float operate(int x, float=3.4);

(d) float sum(int x,y);

Answer

(a) int sum(int x, int y)

(b) float product(float a, int y)

(c) float operate(int x, float y)

(d) float sum(int x, float y)

Question 6
Write down the main method which calls the following method:

int square(int a)

return(a * a);

Answer

public static void main(String args[]) {

int sq = square(4);

Question 7
What happens when a method is passed by reference? Explain.
Answer

Pass by reference means that the arguments of the method are a reference to the original objects and not a copy. So any
changes that the called method makes to the objects are visible to the calling method. Consider the example given below:

class PassByReferenceExample {

public void demoRef(int a[]) {

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

a[i] = i;

public static void main(String args[]) {

PassByReferenceExample obj = new PassByReferenceExample();

int arr[] = { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };

System.out.println("Before call to demoRef value of arr");

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

System.out.println();

obj.demoRef(arr);

System.out.println("After call to demoRef value of arr");

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");

The output of this program is:

Before call to demoRef value of arr

10 20 30 40 50

After call to demoRef value of arr

0 1 2 3 4

Here demoRef changes the values of array a and these changes are reflected in the array in the main method as well.

Question 8
In what situation does a method return a value?

Answer

For a method to return a value, it should have a return type other than void in its method prototype and it should return a
value of the corresponding type using the return statement in the method body.

Question 9
Differentiate between pure and impure methods.

Answer

Pure method Impure method

Pure methods take objects and/or primitive data types as Impure methods change the state of
arguments but do not modify the objects. received objects.

Pure methods don't have side effects. Impure methods have side effects.

Question 10
Write a method which is used to swap the values of two memory locations.

(a) by using a third variable.

(b) without using a third variable.

Answer

(a) Swap the values of two memory locations by using a third variable:

void swap(int a, int b) {

int c = a;

a = b;

b = c;

System.out.println("a = " + a + "\t" + "b = " + b);

(b) Swap the values of two memory locations without using a third variable:

void swap(int a, int b) {

a = a + b;

b = a - b;

a = a - b;

System.out.println("a = " + a + "\t" + "b = " + b);

Question 11
Differentiate between call by value and call by reference.

Answer

Call by value Call by reference

Actual parameters are copied to formal parameters. Formal parameters refer to actual parameters. The
Any changes to formal parameters are not reflected changes to formal parameters are reflected onto
onto the actual parameters. the actual parameters.

All primitive data types are passed using Call by All reference data types like arrays and objects of
value. classes are passed using Call by reference.

Question 12
What are the advantages of defining a method in a program?

Answer

The advantages of defining methods in a program are:

Methods help to manage the complexity of the program by dividing a bigger complex task into smaller, easily understood
tasks.

Methods are useful in hiding the implementation details.

Methods help with code reusability.

Question 13
What is meant by method overloading? In what way it is advantageous?

Answer

Method overloading is the process of defining methods within a class, that have the same name but differ in the number
and/or the data types of their arguments.

The advantages of method overloading are as follows:

Method overloading is one of the ways in which Java implements the object oriented concept of Polymorphism.

With method overloading, programmers don't have to create and remember different names for functions doing the same
thing for different data types.

Question 14
Define the following:

(a) Return data type

(b) Access specifier

(c) Parameter list

(d) Recursive method

(e) Method signature

Answer
(a) Return data type — Return data type specifies the type of value that the method should return. It is mentioned before
the method name in the method prototype. It can be any valid primitive or composite data type of Java. If no value is being
returned, it should be void.

(b) Access specifier — Access specifiers determine the type of access to the method. It can be either public, private or
protected.

(c) Parameter list — Parameter list is a comma-separated list of variables of a method along with their respective data
types. The list is enclosed within a pair of parentheses. Parameter list can be empty if the method doesn't accept any
parameters when it is called.

(d) Recursive method — A method that calls itself inside its body is called a recursive method.

(e) Method signature — Method signature comprises of the method name and the data types of the parameters. For
example, consider the given method:

int sum(int a, int b) {

int c = a + b;

return c;

Its method signature is:

sum(int, int)

Question 15
Explain the function of a return statement in Java programming.

Answer

A method returns a value through the return statement. Once a return statement is executed, the program control moves
back to the caller method skipping the remaining statements of the current method if any. A method can have multiple
return statements but only one of them will be executed. For example, consider the given method:

int sum(int a, int b) {

int c = a + b;

return c;

It uses a return statement to return a value of int type back to its caller.

Question 16
Differentiate between formal parameter and actual parameter.

Answer

Formal parameter Actual parameter

Actual parameters appear in method call

Formal parameters appear in method definition.
statement.
 Formal parameter Actual parameter

They represent the values received by the called They represent the values passed to the called
method. method.

Question 17
What is the role of the keyword void in declaring methods?

Answer

The keyword 'void' signifies that the method doesn't return a value to the calling method.

Question 18
If a method contains several return statements, how many of them will be executed?

Answer

A method can have multiple return statements but only one of them will be executed because once a return statement is
executed, the program control moves back to the caller method, skipping the remaining statements of the current method.

Question 19
Which OOP principle implements method overloading?

Answer

Polymorphism implements method overloading.

Question 20
How are the following data passed to a method?

Primitive types

Reference types

Answer

By value

By reference

Solutions to Unsolved Java Programs based on Methods

Question 1
Write a program in Java using a method Discount( ), to calculate a single discount or a successive discount. Use overload
methods Discount(int), Discount(int,int) and Discount(int,int,int) to calculate single discount and successive discount
respectively. Calculate and display the amount to be paid by the customer after getting discounts on the printed price of an
article.
Sample Input:
Printed price: ₹12000
Successive discounts = 10%, 8%
= ₹(12000 - 1200)
= ₹(10800 - 864)
Amount to be paid = ₹9936

import java.util.Scanner;
public class KboatSuccessiveDiscount

public void discount(int price) {

System.out.println("Amount after single discount = " +

discount(price, 10));

System.out.println("Amount after successive discount = " +

discount(price, 10, 8));

public double discount(int price, int d) {

double priceAfterDisc = price - price * d / 100.0;

return priceAfterDisc;

public double discount(int price, int d1, int d2) {

double priceAfterDisc1 = price - price * d1 / 100.0;

double priceAfterDisc2 = priceAfterDisc1 - priceAfterDisc1 * d2 /

100.0;

return priceAfterDisc2;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter price: ");

int price = in.nextInt();

KboatSuccessiveDiscount obj = new KboatSuccessiveDiscount();

obj.discount(price);

}
}

Output

Question 2
Write a program to input a three digit number. Use a method int Armstrong(int n) to accept the number. The method
returns 1, if the number is Armstrong, otherwise zero(0).

Sample Output: 153 ⇒ 13 + 53 + 33 = 153

Sample Input: 153

It is an Armstrong Number.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatArmstrongNumber

public int armstrong(int n) {

int num = n, cubeSum = 0;

while (num > 0) {

int digit = num % 10;

cubeSum = cubeSum + (digit * digit * digit);

num /= 10;

}
 if (cubeSum == n)

return 1;

else

return 0;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter Number: ");

int num = in.nextInt();

KboatArmstrongNumber obj = new KboatArmstrongNumber();

int r = obj.armstrong(num);

if (r == 1)

System.out.println(num + " is an Armstrong number");

else

System.out.println(num + " is not an Armstrong number");

Output
Question 3
Write a program to input a number and check and print whether it is a 'Pronic' number or not. Use a method int Pronic(int
n) to accept a number. The method returns 1, if the number is 'Pronic', otherwise returns zero (0).
(Hint: Pronic number is the number which is the product of two consecutive integers)
Examples:
12 = 3 * 4
20 = 4 * 5
42 = 6 * 7

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatPronicNumber

public int pronic(int n) {

int isPronic = 0;

for (int i = 1; i <= n - 1; i++) {

if (i * (i + 1) == n) {

isPronic = 1;

break;

}
 return isPronic;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the number to check: ");

int num = in.nextInt();

KboatPronicNumber obj = new KboatPronicNumber();

int r = obj.pronic(num);

if (r == 1)

System.out.println(num + " is a pronic number");

else

System.out.println(num + " is not a pronic number");

Output
Question 4
Write a program to enter a two digit number and find out its first factor excluding 1 (one). The program then find the
second factor (when the number is divided by the first factor) and finally displays both the factors.
Hint: Use a non-return type method as void fact(int n) to accept the number.
Sample Input: 21
The first factor of 21 is 3
Sample Output: 3, 7
Sample Input: 30
The first factor of 30 is 2
Sample Output: 2, 15

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFactors

public void fact(int n) {

if (n < 10 || n > 99) {

System.out.println("ERROR!!! Not a 2-digit number");

return;

}
 int i;

for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {

if (n % i == 0)

break;

int sf = n / i;

System.out.println(i + ", " + sf);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter number: ");

int num = in.nextInt();

KboatFactors obj = new KboatFactors();

obj.fact(num);

Output
Question 5
Write a method fact(int n) to find the factorial of a number n. Include a main class to find the value of S where:

S=n!m!(n−m)!S=m!(n−m)!n!

where, n! = 1 x 2 x 3 x .......... x n

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFactorial

public long fact(int n) {

 long f = 1;

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

f *= i;

return f;

public static void main(String args[]) {

KboatFactorial obj = new KboatFactorial();

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter m: ");

int m = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter n: ");

int n = in.nextInt();

double s = (double)(obj.fact(n)) / (obj.fact(m) * obj.fact(n - m));

System.out.println("S=" + s);

Output
Question 6
Write a program using a method called area() to compute area of the following:

(a) Area of circle = (22/7) * r * r

(b) Area of square= side * side

(c) Area of rectangle = length * breadth

Display the menu to display the area as per the user's choice.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatMenuArea

public void area() {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter a to calculate area of circle");

System.out.println("Enter b to calculate area of square");

System.out.println("Enter c to calculate area of rectangle");

System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");

char choice = in.next().charAt(0);

switch(choice) {
 case 'a':

System.out.print("Enter radius of circle: ");

double r = in.nextDouble();

double ca = (22 / 7.0) * r * r;

System.out.println("Area of circle = " + ca);

break;

case 'b':

System.out.print("Enter side of square: ");

double side = in.nextDouble();

double sa = side * side;

System.out.println("Area of square = " + sa);

break;

case 'c':

System.out.print("Enter length of rectangle: ");

double l = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter breadth of rectangle: ");

double b = in.nextDouble();

double ra = l * b;

System.out.println("Area of rectangle = " + ra);

break;

default:

System.out.println("Wrong choice!");

Output
Question 7
Write a program using method name Glcm(int,int) to find the Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of two numbers by GCD
(Greatest Common Divisor) of the numbers. GCD of two integers is calculated by continued division method. Divide the
larger number by the smaller, the remainder then divides the previous divisor. The process is repeated till the remainder is
zero. The divisor then results in the GCD.
LCM = product of two numbers / GCD

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatGlcm

public void Glcm(int a, int b) {

int x = a, y = b;

while (y != 0) {

int t = y;

y = x % y;

x = t;

}
 int lcm = (a * b) / x;

System.out.println("LCM = " + lcm);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter first number: ");

int x = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter second number: ");

int y = in.nextInt();

KboatGlcm obj = new KboatGlcm();

obj.Glcm(x, y);

Output

Question 8
Write a program in Java to accept a word. Pass it to a method magic(String str). The method checks the string for the
presence of consecutive letters. If two letters are consecutive at any position then the method prints "It is a magic string",
otherwise it prints "It is not a magic string".
Sample Input: computer
Sample Output: It is not a magic string
Sample Input: DELHI
Sample Output: It is a magic string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatMagicString

public void magic(String str) {

boolean isMagicStr = false;

String t = str.toUpperCase();

int len = t.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {

if (t.charAt(i) + 1 == t.charAt(i + 1)) {

isMagicStr = true;

break;

if (isMagicStr)

System.out.println("It is a magic string");

else

System.out.println("It is not a magic string");

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter word: ");

String word = in.nextLine();

 KboatMagicString obj = new KboatMagicString();

obj.magic(word);

Output

Question 9
Write a program using a method Palin( ), to check whether a string is a Palindrome or not. A Palindrome is a string that
reads the same from the left to right and vice versa.
Sample Input: MADAM, ARORA, ABBA, etc.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatStringPalindrome

public void palin() {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");

String s = in.nextLine();

String str = s.toUpperCase();

int strLen = str.length();

boolean isPalin = true;

 for (int i = 0; i < strLen / 2; i++) {

if (str.charAt(i) != str.charAt(strLen - 1 - i)) {

isPalin = false;

break;

if (isPalin)

System.out.println("It is a palindrome string.");

else

System.out.println("It is not a palindrome string.");

Output

Question 10
Write a program in Java to accept a String from the user. Pass the String to a method Display(String str) which displays the
consonants present in the String.
Sample Input: computer
Sample Output:
c
m
p
t
r

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatConsonants

public void display(String str) {

String t = str.toUpperCase();

int len = t.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

char ch = t.charAt(i);

if (ch != 'A' &&

ch != 'E' &&

ch != 'I' &&

ch != 'O' &&

ch != 'U') {

System.out.println(str.charAt(i));

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter string: ");

String s = in.nextLine();

KboatConsonants obj = new KboatConsonants();

obj.display(s);

Output
Question 11
Write a program in Java to accept a String from the user. Pass the String to a method Change(String str) which displays the
first character of each word after changing the case (lower to upper and vice versa).
Sample Input: Delhi public school
Sample Output:
d
P
S

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatStringChange

public void change(String str) {

String t = " " + str;

int len = t.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {

if (t.charAt(i) == ' ') {

char ch = t.charAt(i+1);

if (Character.isUpperCase(ch))

ch = Character.toLowerCase(ch);

else if (Character.isLowerCase(ch))
 ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch);

System.out.println(ch);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a string: ");

String s = in.nextLine();

KboatStringChange obj = new KboatStringChange();

obj.change(s);

Output

Question 12
Write a program in Java to accept the name of an employee and his/her annual income. Pass the name and the annual
income to a method Tax(String name, int income) which displays the name of the employee and the income tax as per the
given tariff:

Annual Income Income Tax

Up to ₹2,50,000 No tax

₹2,50,001 to ₹5,00,000 10% of the income exceeding ₹2,50,000

₹5,00,001 to ₹10,00,000 ₹30,000 + 20% of the amount exceeding ₹5,00,000

₹10,00,001 and above ₹50,000 + 30% of the amount exceeding ₹10,00,000

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatEmployeeTax

public void tax(String name, int income) {

double tax;

if (income <= 250000)

tax = 0;

else if (income <= 500000)

tax = (income - 250000) * 0.1;

else if (income <= 1000000)

tax = 30000 + ((income - 500000) * 0.2);

else

tax = 50000 + ((income - 1000000) * 0.3);

System.out.println("Name: " + name);

System.out.println("Income Tax: " + tax);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter name: ");

 String n = in.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter annual income: ");

int i = in.nextInt();

KboatEmployeeTax obj = new KboatEmployeeTax();

obj.tax(n, i);

Output

Question 13
Write a program in Java to accept a String from the user. Pass the String to a method First(String str) which displays the
first character of each word.
Sample Input : Understanding Computer Applications
Sample Output:
U
C
A

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFirstCharacter

public void first(String str) {

String t = " " + str;

 int len = t.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {

if (t.charAt(i) == ' ') {

char ch = t.charAt(i + 1);

System.out.println(ch);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a string: ");

String s = in.nextLine();

KboatFirstCharacter obj = new KboatFirstCharacter();

obj.first(s);

Output
Question 14
Write a program to accept 10 numbers in a Single Dimensional Array. Pass the array to a method Search(int m[], int ns) to
search the given number ns in the list of array elements. If the number is present, then display the message 'Number is
present' otherwise, display 'number is not present'.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatSDASearch

public void search(int m[], int ns) {

boolean found = false;

for (int i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {

if (m[i] == ns) {

found = true;

break;

if (found)

System.out.println("Number is present");

else

System.out.println("Number is not present");

}
 public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int arr[] = new int[10];

System.out.println("Enter 10 numbers");

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

arr[i] = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter number to search: ");

int num = in.nextInt();

KboatSDASearch obj = new KboatSDASearch();

obj.search(arr, num);

Output
Question 15
Write a class with the name Area using method overloading that computes the area of a parallelogram, a rhombus and a
trapezium.

Formula:

Area of a parallelogram (pg) = base * ht

Area of a rhombus (rh) = (1/2) * d1 * d2

(where, d1 and d2 are the diagonals)

Area of a trapezium (tr) = (1/2) * ( a + b) * h

(where a and b are the parallel sides, h is the perpendicular distance between the parallel sides)

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Area

public double area(double base, double height) {

 double a = base * height;

return a;

public double area(double c, double d1, double d2) {

double a = c * d1 * d2;

return a;

public double area(double c, double a, double b, double h) {

double x = c * (a + b) * h;

return x;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

Area obj = new Area();

System.out.print("Enter base of parallelogram: ");

double base = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter height of parallelogram: ");

double ht = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Area of parallelogram = " + obj.area(base,

ht));

System.out.print("Enter first diagonal of rhombus: ");

double d1 = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter second diagonal of rhombus: ");

double d2 = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Area of rhombus = " + obj.area(0.5, d1, d2));

System.out.print("Enter first parallel side of trapezium: ");

 double a = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter second parallel side of trapezium: ");

double b = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter height of trapezium: ");

double h = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Area of trapezium = " + obj.area(0.5, a, b,

h));

Output

Question 16
Write a class with the name Perimeter using method overloading that computes the perimeter of a square, a rectangle and
a circle.
Formula:

Perimeter of a square = 4 * s

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2 * (l + b)

Perimeter of a circle = 2 * (22/7) * r

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Perimeter

public double perimeter(double s) {

double p = 4 * s;

return p;

public double perimeter(double l, double b) {

double p = 2 * (l + b);

return p;

public double perimeter(int c, double pi, double r) {

double p = c * pi * r;

return p;

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

Perimeter obj = new Perimeter();

System.out.print("Enter side of square: ");

double side = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Perimeter of square = " + obj.perimeter(side));

System.out.print("Enter length of rectangle: ");

 double l = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter breadth of rectangle: ");

double b = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Perimeter of rectangle = " + obj.perimeter(l,

b));

System.out.print("Enter radius of circle: ");

double r = in.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Perimeter of circle = " + obj.perimeter(2,

3.14159, r));

Output

Question 17
Design a class overloading and a method display( ) as follows:

void display(String str, int p) with one String argument and one integer argument. It displays all the uppercase characters if
'p' is 1 (one) otherwise, it displays all the lowercase characters.

void display(String str, char chr) with one String argument and one character argument. It displays all the vowels if chr is 'v'
otherwise, it displays all the alphabets.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Overloading

void display(String str, int p) {

int len = str.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

char ch = str.charAt(i);

if (p == 1 && Character.isUpperCase(ch)) {

System.out.println(ch);

else if (p != 1 && Character.isLowerCase(ch)) {

System.out.println(ch);

void display(String str, char chr) {

int len = str.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

char ch = str.charAt(i);

ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch);

if (chr != 'v' && Character.isLetter(str.charAt(i)))

System.out.println(str.charAt(i));

else if (ch == 'A' ||

ch == 'E' ||

ch == 'I' ||

ch == 'O' ||

ch == 'U') {
 System.out.println(str.charAt(i));

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter string: ");

String s = in.nextLine();

Overloading obj = new Overloading();

System.out.println("p=1");

obj.display(s, 1);

System.out.println("\np!=1");

obj.display(s, 0);

System.out.println("\nchr='v'");

obj.display(s, 'v');

System.out.println("\nchr!='v'");

obj.display(s, 'u');

Output
Question 18
Design a class overloading a method calculate() as follows:

void calculate(int m, char ch) with one integer argument and one character argument. It checks whether the integer
argument is divisible by 7 or not, if ch is 's', otherwise, it checks whether the last digit of the integer argument is 7 or not.

void calculate(int a, int b, char ch) with two integer arguments and one character argument. It displays the greater of
integer arguments if ch is 'g' otherwise, it displays the smaller of integer arguments.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatCalculate

public void calculate(int m, char ch) {

if (ch == 's') {

if (m % 7 == 0)

System.out.println("It is divisible by 7");

else

System.out.println("It is not divisible by 7");

else {

if (m % 10 == 7)

System.out.println("Last digit is 7");

else

System.out.println("Last digit is not 7");

public void calculate(int a, int b, char ch) {

if (ch == 'g')

System.out.println(a > b ? a : b);

else

System.out.println(a < b ? a : b);

public static void main(String args[]) {

 Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

KboatCalculate obj = new KboatCalculate();

System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

int n1 = in.nextInt();

obj.calculate(n1, 's');

obj.calculate(n1, 't');

System.out.print("Enter first number: ");

n1 = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter second number: ");

int n2 = in.nextInt();

obj.calculate(n1, n2, 'g');

obj.calculate(n1, n2, 'k');

Output

Question 19
Design a class to overload a method compare( ) as follows:

void compare(int, int) — to compare two integers values and print the greater of the two integers.

void compare(char, char) — to compare the numeric value of two characters and print with the higher numeric value.

void compare(String, String) — to compare the length of the two strings and print the longer of the two.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatCompare

public void compare(int a, int b) {

if (a > b) {

System.out.println(a);

else {

System.out.println(b);

public void compare(char a, char b) {

int x = (int)a;

int y = (int)b;

if (x > y) {

System.out.println(a);

else {

System.out.println(b);

}
public void compare(String a, String b) {

int l1 = a.length();

int l2 = b.length();

if (l1 > l2) {

System.out.println(a);

else {

System.out.println(b);

public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

KboatCompare obj = new KboatCompare();

System.out.print("Enter first integer: ");

int n1 = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter second integer: ");

int n2 = in.nextInt();

obj.compare(n1, n2);

System.out.print("Enter first character: ");

char c1 = in.next().charAt(0);

System.out.print("Enter second character: ");

char c2 = in.next().charAt(0);

in.nextLine();

obj.compare(c1, c2);

System.out.print("Enter first string: ");

 String s1 = in.nextLine();

System.out.print("Enter second string: ");

String s2 = in.nextLine();

obj.compare(s1, s2);

Output

Question 20
Design a class to overload a method series( ) as follows:

double series(double n) with one double argument and returns the sum of the series.
sum = (1/1) + (1/2) + (1/3) + .......... + (1/n)

double series(double a, double n) with two double arguments and returns the sum of the series.
sum = (1/a2) + (4/a5) + (7/a8) + (10/a11) + .......... to n terms

public class KboatSeries

double series(double n) {

double sum = 0;

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

 double term = 1.0 / i;

sum += term;

return sum;

double series(double a, double n) {

double sum = 0;

int x = 1;

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

int e = x + 1;

double term = x / Math.pow(a, e);

sum += term;

x += 3;

return sum;

public static void main(String args[]) {

KboatSeries obj = new KboatSeries();

System.out.println("First series sum = " + obj.series(5));

System.out.println("Second series sum = " + obj.series(3, 8));

Output
Question 21
Design a class to overload the method display(.....) as follows:

void display(int num) — checks and prints whether the number is a perfect square or not.

void display(String str, char ch) — checks and prints if the word str contains the letter ch or not.

void display(String str) — checks and prints the number of special characters present in the word str.

Write a suitable main( ) method.

public class KboatDisplay

public void display(int num) {

double sroot = Math.sqrt(num);

double diff = sroot - Math.floor(sroot);

if (diff == 0)

System.out.println(num + " is a perfect square");

else

System.out.println(num + " is not a perfect square");

public void display(String str, char ch) {

 int idx = str.indexOf(ch);

if (idx == -1)

System.out.println(ch + " not found");

else

System.out.println(ch + " found");

public void display(String str) {

int count = 0;

int len = str.length();

for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

char ch = str.charAt(i);

if (!Character.isLetterOrDigit(ch) &&

!Character.isWhitespace(ch)) {

count++;

System.out.println("Number of special characters = " + count);

public static void main(String args[]) {

KboatDisplay obj = new KboatDisplay();

obj.display(18);

obj.display("ICSE Computer Applications", 't');

obj.display("https://www.knowledgeboat.com/");

}
}

Output

Question 22
Design a class to overload the method display(.....) as follows:

void display(String str, char ch) — checks whether the word str contains the letter ch at the beginning as well as at the end
or not. If present, print 'Special Word' otherwise print 'No special word'.

void display(String str1, String str2) — checks and prints whether both the words are equal or not.

void display(String str, int n) — prints the character present at nth position in the word str.

Write a suitable main() method.

public class KboatWordCheck

public void display(String str, char ch) {

String temp = str.toUpperCase();

ch = Character.toUpperCase(ch);

int len = temp.length();

if (temp.indexOf(ch) == 0 &&

temp.lastIndexOf(ch) == (len - 1))

System.out.println("Special Word");

else
 System.out.println("No Special Word");

public void display(String str1, String str2) {

if (str1.equals(str2))

System.out.println("Equal");

else

System.out.println("Not Equal");

public void display(String str, int n) {

int len = str.length();

if (n < 0 || n > len) {

System.out.println("Invalid value for argument n");

return;

char ch = str.charAt(n - 1);

System.out.println(ch);

public static void main(String args[]) {

KboatWordCheck obj = new KboatWordCheck();

obj.display("Tweet", 't');

obj.display("Tweet", "Massachusetts");

obj.display("Massachusetts", 8);

}
}

Output

Question 23
Design a class to overload a method volume( ) as follows:

double volume(double r) — with radius (r) as an argument, returns the volume of sphere using the formula:
V = (4/3) * (22/7) * r * r * r

double volume(double h, double r) — with height(h) and radius(r) as the arguments, returns the volume of a cylinder using
the formula:
V = (22/7) * r * r * h

double volume(double 1, double b, double h) — with length(l), breadth(b) and height(h) as the arguments, returns the

V = l*b*h ⇒ (length * breadth * height)

volume of a cuboid using the formula:

public class KboatVolume

double volume(double r) {

double vol = (4 / 3.0) * (22 / 7.0) * r * r * r;

return vol;

double volume(double h, double r) {

double vol = (22 / 7.0) * r * r * h;

return vol;

}
 double volume(double l, double b, double h) {

double vol = l * b * h;

return vol;

public static void main(String args[]) {

KboatVolume obj = new KboatVolume();

System.out.println("Sphere Volume = " +

obj.volume(6));

System.out.println("Cylinder Volume = " +

obj.volume(5, 3.5));

System.out.println("Cuboid Volume = " +

obj.volume(7.5, 3.5, 2));

Output