© S. (DS: Eigen Vetus amnd Eigen Neon - i ; My A bE Definition | TF A be square -enahvn of, order ge cunsy Aeal oh Complex talor value 4 Uns Re Giedm “elgen 3 welan, 8b Pak eae exe A non-zero nxt Coluwn soa of We tet “yych that (ax=ax |-el sen Whee X$O aluop te non- zex0 coun amoinix X B called eigen vedo of mattnix Corvesponcling te aque value A of A- A “ue figen Value abso known ad ag Charactaniatic NOL ek > Potent pools . . Exgen Velo ao knoum ad Chuackeristie vectou , Lalent A vectar had undergoes pine Scaling voithod any Neco notation Ye ron as eigen vedsr. Now : ‘ nec. be Reason wale ohh Be bee SSD AXAAX Cuhre X+0) f > Ax-ax =0 =) @-Az)x =0 > ee O9eMeous 6 2 yu ys Linear eq”, we Krew soln congitert ef ren. @: hos unique solubien be X=0 aA anfintke, deluionP ' <3) but we know thak XO [aLwerys) =) undue dolutinn i rot possebte 2) (D hos tists no of cobtions -© [ux know = AX=0 hos ins, ae “1 A when \Al=0 J ° ~ Wy “d here [R]=0 =) \IA-ar)=0 2 A iB om efgen value of A la-az) =o. Avo Ram © > Covrerpondiing to eigen value A, there Corrapends Infinitely cmeny ve gen vectors - ~ | AM: TP % iy Chonachoistle veto O4 wait covrespording by the Chovadeustie Valu A, then kx & abo o characte vector oh A Corr esponching to the Lame 4 | chovactaistie value 9 (KO) | ee. Linee X% VU eta vector ef A tore “to exgen value = Ne oe AX= XR. | ‘ 4 a fil | | Nous ACkX) = KAX) = kAX = AEN | =) ARK) = ALKA) 5 DEK B abo om efqenreckor cto. te Ban valua A.® Characterisie Equatron >| Motuk = For any Square matrix A of ord The delowrinant |A-AT|=0 Ue called Awe chayacleuhie equation of A- =o re ‘ wb a2 Unace A) At detA = O° Few 1 uate watts Ohare eg = we Coase aya (trace akg) an det J REP In onder ty find efgen value Of A 4 we should -lnd roo of the Charavieratic equation of A- Note: ® bin of efgen values = trace of sroaliv"® | Garde ee us = deh oe | © Syonvalun, o4, Adagon col amakrix are? Just Whe | ABasonah lemons of Ar - | te th AgL 334 den eigen value ef A ave Aya. : ® Eigen values of upper triangular mahiy oy Lower target, Ay= pane. 2] et ‘| DM[ et | i °° Oo 2 fh 5oO t Eun ae chev Soa Hh) O Ae : J efen — AL-AT = [a 2 ] 2 4a atl = (eae ad—4 = P5AsS6 = d¢a-s) ACAS)=0 \A\-ar| so 5 2 Peers] efgen valuu of A- [ cuose_e cheek dur of @-V = ors =o fram of A = an a diagonal = ee: det of A = uy a0 + = |. 8-A a [Ag atl G Renee E | oo = a-Al an) (S-A)[he-ar) =0 => @-A)C2-ALE AD =O Cross - eck D yH=3 208 also given Us upper. - ere ena Biangetar malin a ) @x eRe ce ] eens @ = AAS © A= 0,315 - o eo eo © peath= |>2 an -t 2 30a - =O- s\ 50. 5 = Ad BANE ‘ re \Be-% \ 7 oe 4 nakistion the equation Qe ce yl)? =0) Nie oe ce oimer two rook by agnthetic alinison . cn oftivnt oo Ne Cana Seven ac AN 4 «0 13. Ae Fe |e} eve 2 we 4a -lr=0Eigen-Mectons ° * Solis of eqn det CA- ary=o cabled efgen v- whee det (A-AI) =O iB Known ab Charackaisne 4 ' * Solution of eg (A-aK =O cabled efgen vectors Comesporsling ty eigen value i - To find eigen-vector Colate “the homogenrous System Q-ai 20. Q- Find tne efgen values and coveespond.ing ae Of matrix be fie> “4 Bfgen Nabe = Aa = [tra [S sal —© dot (N-AT) =O FD (WA) (UA) — 10 =O D> Ar5A-G =O Sha Lb > requiced “ve heee Know Hut elgem vector of AC Inn 8 vedo tere ned : let Raf % t 0 \ ty] be the eigen — vector cr A corres ponding te A=6 Then _. (@- 63) xX =O - : Pak Tre value of Aa6 in (1) (2 ele [= s)Uy)-LJ | Eeooee. [ “5] (al f 2] Ra Rat SRY | D> xteysod. No-of eqr= 2=h- No: of Vallables =e 2, a . e4+2.k =0- , is : fom e sacle l, puke Sey yok Gre aot \ eigen vector xf] s ayn, A) at) te Az bY ————"o rec ale p-az)X=0- J ae (A+) %a= 0 whae %a-/ ‘J be the eigen vector of A Correpencling y a . et B “LH (] ; ce [2] um -y = 0 tam eek ( A>) ( Rg Rot SRi) He : say gor, T= [ye [i]s 1. eigen vector corr. & asl fy | : fire Q Pind efgen ~valus amd alg on—vectr oh ee eel ry + oo a Ryo sobing we qt A= 44,5-Leb X= [ > as \ \ 2 \ ”% ery let 2 3 io 2 Ae x 4 4B) eee 2 X ° IGE 4 -4 ie kL LG = Py (8-3) a-M tar O y¥-220 2 ky Le ay-t = acn-k =e 7s a \ 3-5 \ a2 9-5 Re ka - Ro Ry + 3Ry Ra 3 Ry-R, Ry Ray: Ra Rs-4R, m= no Vvariebls = 3 R=flA)= 2 Neda 3-Q = det aok 13-0)ote Ure. b Aas wT t j ty te ekgon Ve i For Rod | El : et ler [4] be exgen vector corre ending . Zz (@-2) Xg=O RiaRs—Ry ee xX ° = [: ° }/-[) oe 2 ° x4 ayte =o ne no: of variabla= 3 Fajen eqteneh mre B= 2, Yekiy wekes “CRE: ep J.%e ~akicky Pe Chien veetons, Lomusponding An AEN. ane eels[oJ eae. = (514 for Ai, eigen veetos = A : +] Br dey oe (iJ [ i Q- sek Define Sinnlar rn atters anol prve thas stomifar modicees have sume Characlewube polynomial ard hence same eigen volutes . Let A amd B be Aqua matics of ode m , then A th said to be Aimitor to B OD there euat Ywedible mats Po such thot AP= PB te B= PIAP. tet A and B be two Amilot mabrees ~“- B= PlAP Bad =. PHAR AT = elaP— api Cre Pe) = Plap— rou = pt CApar)P* \B-at) = \e?Ca-az) P\ =\P") \ A-a xi \e} = \a-ar) ithe) \-az] =. \A-at) Cleve =F), Je ymadaiees Re amd B hove — Aamme Choractercsthé= ese CO porysonies and hence fame Aeb of elgen valuus. SB If oo B an eigen value of non—cingular mabtix A, then prove the AL iw am eyln value of ady'A - Set fintg Dom ety valu of rer singular molthix A "| G40 amd there exub a NON -Zere column vechyr X such that AX=ax > (edf A) (AX) = GAZA) tax) D [yr alx =a Bsfadx fe WEIR Sa fadjaje (AT = AT (Ata) x= a eota)x (aga = at ia) (At) x = x tarry : | IAL & = x (@aga)x 3 | A bAAX = IAL x comparing wert Ark= ax 3 =) ad§A fas eigen value _J/A\ aAfriporties Of frspertics OF Bigon-Valnes Re square wrodtyix “of odean, ; Et O gen vole oh A amd AP are same . oe Know Hat 2 is on etpmvalar of A =] 2 noo (e-rtl = lat az} —O ado ae ype) = (aan) 7 a fom (1) and @ \At-ar| = JA-aT] S ® => SF (Ae AT) =0 > |A-at) =0 =) 9 aioe vole @) Te > am atgn valut of A then + a an elgen value of NO ter X be om cup vector df A Ure te % then A X= 2X Pre mult by a ; Pane) i =) ARK =X 2 WAX = AYUAX) nin 2x > _IR= Ax, A ol Ds an'x > pLaeveha