CONVEYORS &

CONVEYING SYSTEM

TOPIC 2

GROUP 2
ALCOVER, JOHN PAUL ANCHO, KRISTIAN
BACOY, JAMES LOUIE B. BAENA, BRUNO ANGELO
BANGCONG, KHENNIE ARNELL
INTRODUCTION:

WHAT IS A CONVEYING SYSTEM?

CONVEYOR SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS

HOW DOES A CONVEYOR

SYSTEM WORK?

TYPES OF CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

Is a mechanism designed for transporting
The job involves the CONVEYING
packages, products, supplies, parts, and
SYSTEM
handling of tools,
equipment and
equipment for various purposes
supplies; such as
production, shipping, or relocation. There
are different types of conveyor systems,
including pneumatic, screw, belt, and roller.
The design of each system depends on the
characteristics of the materials being
moved, such as their weight, dimensions,
and transportability.
CONVEYORS

A devices that provide

mechanized movement of
material, as in a factory; they
are used principally in
industrial applications but
also on large farms, in
warehousing and freight-
handling, and in movement
of raw materials.
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
FOR CONVEYORS

Sintering Airport
Packaging Mining
Production Line Automotive
Pharmaceutical Food Processing
Metalworking Printing
ADVANTAGES OF
CONVEYING
SYSTEMS
Time Savings
Continuous Operation
Automated Unloading
Control of Movement
Directional
Low Maintenance
Safety
High Volume
CONVEYING SYSTEM
MALFUNCTIONS
Mistracking
Seized Rollers
Slippage
Blockage
Carryback
Spillage
Unload or Chute Blockage
Pneumatic Systems
Screw Conveyors
Repair or Replace
CONVEYING SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS:
A conveyor system can be
integrated into an operation in
numerous ways to boost efficiency
and speed. Before deciding to
install a conveyor system, it's
crucial to consider several
important factors. Each system is
tailored to meet the specific
demands of its intended
application.
CONVEYING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
SPACE
Conveyor system manufacturers assess the
available space to determine the optimal
system design.

LOAD CAPACITY

After the system layout and pattern have been

established, the next step is to determine its
material carrying capacity.
 CONVEYING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
SPEED
The speed of a conveyor system is measured in feet per minute
(fpm). The average speed for most conveyor systems is 65 fpm,
which is roughly equivalent to the pace of a person carrying a
50 lb package.

Powder or Liquid Material Handling

Handling powdered materials involves different

parameters compared to conveying systems for solid,
bulky items.
 CONVEYING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
CONFIGURATION
Conveyor systems come in a wide variety of shapes, designs,
sizes, and forms. They can be vertical, angled, horizontal,
curved, or equipped with pockets, slats, and z-frames.

DRIVE SYSTEM

The drive in an automated conveyor system provides the

power to move materials. It includes a counter bearing to
ensure continuous movement along
 CONVEYING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
SAFETY
Drive systems can feature single or
variable speeds based on their design. d
with pockets, slats, and z-frames.
HOW DOES A
CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?
Conveyor systems are a crucial component of
a larger production process. To understand
how a system functions, it's essential to
examine all aspects of the overall production
process and how the various components
interconnect. Much of the system's
functionality is established during the design
phase. Once operational, the system's
intricate mechanics become vital to the
efficiency and success of the operation.
HOW DOES A CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?

BELT
Belt conveyors operate using
motorized pulleys with a thick,
durable belt looped around them.
When the motor is activated, the belt
is pulled between the pulleys.
HOW DOES A CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?

SUPPORT SYSTEM
The support system ensures the belt
moves smoothly by holding the
material without sagging. During the
design phase, the weight capacity of
the frame is determined, and the
frame is constructed to meet the
operational requirements.
HOW DOES A CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?

PULLEYS
Conveyor belt systems typically
include at least two pulleys: a drive
pulley and a tail or return pulley.
Positioned between them are idler or
dummy pulleys that are driven by the
belt.
HOW DOES A CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?

BELT CLEANER
The purpose of a belt cleaner is to
remove any carryback that remains
on the belt after the load has been
discharged. Carryback is a common
issue in all belt systems and is a
major cause of belt malfunctions.
HOW DOES A CONVEYOR SYSTEM
WORK?

DRIVE
The drive for the belt can be located
in various positions in the conveying
system. For most belt conveyors, the
drive is located at the discharge or
head of the belt.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
BELT CONVEYORS
are the most common and
straightforward type of conveyor and
can operate at variable speeds. They
consist of a moving belt mounted on a
steel frame that supports both the belt
and the materials being transported.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
GRAVITY ROLLER CONVEYORS

Gravity roller conveyors consist of a

series of evenly spaced rollers
attached to a side frame. These rollers
create a surface for placing materials
for movement. When the conveyor is
tilted or angled, materials move by
gravity.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:

CHAIN CONVEYORS
Chain conveyors can feature one or
multiple sets of chains that come into
contact with the bottom of the items
being transported. Materials rest on
these chains as they move.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
MOTORIZED ROLLER CONVEYORS

Motorized roller conveyors utilize

motors positioned along the conveyor
frame to power evenly spaced rollers.
This design resembles a gravity
conveyor but includes the addition of
motors.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:

SLAT CONVEYORS
Slat conveyors are designed similarly
to chain conveyors but use f lat slats
connected to the chain instead of a
belt. In this way, they resemble belt
conveyors, with slats serving as the
conveyor surface in place of the belt.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
OVERHEAD CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

There are various types of overhead

conveyor systems, each with a distinct
design but serving similar functions.
Enclosed Track Conveyor - An enclosed
track conveyor features an enclosure that
fully covers the trolley connectors,
leaving only a small gap for trolley
movement.
Open Track Conveyors - Open track conveyors
use I-beams as the track and do not have an
enclosure covering it. Chain overhead
conveyors use a continuously powered chain
that travels along a track. Pendants are
attached to the chain at regular intervals,
allowing parts or products to hang from them.
In other designs where pendants are not used,
pusher dogs can move trolleys along a second
track positioned below the chain track.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
MONORAIL CONVEYORS
Monorail conveying systems use
carriers to transport materials over
long distances and are ideal for this
purpose.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
POWER AND FREE CONVEYORS

Power and free conveying systems are

designed to transport parts through
production and assembly processes.
Items move from one workstation to
another, stopping at each station for
work before continuing to the next.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
INVERTED CONVEYORS

Inverted conveyors are floor-mounted

and can function as power and free
conveyors. They typically use a drive
system that does not rely on belts or
chains.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
PATERNOSTER CONVEYORS
Paternoster conveyors are a vertical
conveying system featuring equally
spaced load carriers connected to a
chain drive, operating in a continuous
loop. They are also referred to as
platform conveyors.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
CHUTE CONVEYORS
Chute conveyors consist of a smooth,
flat surface made from wood, metal, or
plastic, angled within a frame that can
be straight, spiral, or circular. Items
slide down the surface due to gravity.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:

SCREW CONVEYORS
are used to transport bulk materials
such as granular products, chips, and
loose substances. They feature a
rotating helicoid mounted on a shaft
inside a pipe.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:

PNEUMATIC CONVEYORS
move bulk materials using pressurized
air to push the material through a
sealed pipeline. As the pressure
increases within the pipeline, powders
or granular materials are lifted and
transported through the pipe.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
VIBRATORY CONVEYORS

A vibrating conveyor utilizes vibrations to

move materials along a trough, making it
suitable for items like grains, various solids,
vegetables being harvested, and quarried
rocks. The vibrations create a gentle,
continuous motion that transports
products through the conveyor.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
CHAIN ON EDGE CONVEYORS (COE)

A chain on edge conveyor is a single strand

chain conveyor that operates on its side,
utilizing a roller chain that moves within a
plate-supported channel. This design allows
the chain to flex along the horizontal axis,
enabling it to navigate horizontal turns and
vertical curves.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
SKID CONVEYOR
Skid conveyors are a type of floor
mounted conveyor that moves
products on fixtures equipped with
longitudinal runners known as skids,
allowing movement both longitudinally
and transversely.
TYPES OF CONVEYOR
SYSTEMS:
FRICTION CONVEYING SYSTEM
A friction conveying system employs a
motor to drive a friction wheel made of
non-metallic material, generating the
driving force. The system includes a
friction drive, load-bearing track, switch,
stopper, trolley, elevator, and steel
structure. Friction conveying systems
offer a safe alternative to power and free
systems, providing the advantages of
cleaner and quieter operation.
Thank You
FOR YOUR ATTENTION