BRIJ CHEMISTRY CLASSES

C.C ROAD, KAILASHPURI LANE NO.2, DEORIA

D AND F BLOCK OF ELEMENTS DPP

Class 12 - Chemistry

1. Which one among the following metals of 3d series has the lowest melting point? [1]

a) Mn b) Fe

c) Cu d) Zn
2. Which of the following is paramagnetic as well as coloured ion? [1]

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a) Sc3+ b) Ti4++

3.
c) Cu+

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In a neutral solution, how many moles of KMnO4 is required for the oxidation of 10 moles of ferric oxalate? [1]

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a) 4.5 b) 5
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c) 2 d) 6
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4. The magnetic moment is associated with its spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. Spin only [1]
magnetic moment value of Cr3+ ion is ________.
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a) 3.57 B.M b) 2.87 B.M

c) 3.47 B.M d) 3.87 B.M

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5. Out of the following transition elements, the maximum number of oxidation states are shown by [1]

a) Cr (Z = 24) b) Mn (Z = 25)
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c) Sc (Z = 21) d) Fe (Z = 26)
6. The interstitial compounds of transition metals are [1]

a) more ductile b) softer

c) harder d) more metallic

7. Which one of the following first row transition elements is expected to have the highest third ionization [1]
enthalpy?

a) Vanadium (Z = 23) b) Chromium (Z = 24)

c) Iron (Z = 26) d) Manganese (Z = 25)

8. Which of the following elements of 3d series of transition elements has the lowest Δ aH
0
? [1]

a) Zn b) Cu

c) Sc d) Cr

9. Electronic configuration of Fe3+ is: [1]

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 a) [Ar] 4s23d3 b) [Ar] 4s23d6

c) [Ar] 4s23d4 d) [Ar] 3d5

10. In dilute alkaline solution, MnO4- changes to: [1]

a) MnO b) MnO 2-
4

c) MnO2 d) Mn2O3

11. The lanthanoid contraction is due to: [1]

a) Filling of 4f before 4d b) Filling of 4f before 5d

c) Filling of 5d before 4f d) Filling of 4d before 4f

12. Silver ornaments turn black by the presence of which gas in the atmosphere? [1]

a) O2 b) N2

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c) H2S d) Cl2

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13. The magnetic nature of elements depends on the presence of unpaired electrons. Identify the configuration of [1]
transition element, which shows highest magnetic moment.

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a) 3d7 b) 3d8
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c) 3d2 d) 3d5
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14. Which of the following characteristics of transition metals is associated with their catalytic activity? [1]

a) High enthalpy of atomisation b) Paramagnetic nature

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c) Variable oxidation states d) Colour of hydrated ions

15. KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline medium. When alkaline KMnO4 is treated with KI, iodide ion is [1]
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oxidised to:
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a) I2 b) IO
−
4
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c) IO- d) IO
−
3

16. Why Lanthanoids are called f-block element? [1]

17. Name the lanthanoid element which exhibits a + 4 oxidation state besides +3 oxidation state? [1]
18. Out of Cu2Cl2 and CuCl2 , which is more stable and why? [1]
19. How would you account for the increasing oxidising power in the series V O < C r+
2
2−
2 O7 < M nO ?
−
4
[1]
20. What are coinage metals? [1]
21. Assertion (A): Transition metals have high enthalpy of atomization. [1]
Reason (R): This is because transition metals have low melting points.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

22. Assertion (A): The solution of Na2CrO4 in water is intensely coloured. [1]
Reason (R): Oxidation state of Or in Na2CrO4 is +VI.

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 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

23. Assertion (A): Transition metals show their highest oxidation state with oxygen. [1]
Reason (R): The ability of oxygen to form multiple bonds to metals.

a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). correct explanation of (A).

c) (A) is true, but (R) is false. d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

24. Assertion (A): FeSO4⋅ 7H2O always contains Fe3+ ions. [1]

Reason (R): This is due to aerial oxidation of Fe2+ ions.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

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c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
25.

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Assertion (A): Separation of Zr and Hf is difficult.
Reason (R): Zr and Hf have similar radii due to lanthanoid contraction.
[1]

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a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
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c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

26. Assertion (A): Fe2+ acts as a reducing agent. [1]

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Reason (R): Fe3+ state is stable due to 3d5 configuration.
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a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
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and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of but Reason (R) is not the correct
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the Assertion (A). explanation of the Assertion (A).

c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is
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false. true.
27. Assertion (A): La(OH)3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3. [1]

Reason (R): Size of Lu3+ increases and shows more covalent character.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

28. Assertion (A): Copper dissolves in dilute nitric acid but not in dilute HCI. [1]
Reason (R): Its standard oxidation potential is below H.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

29. Assertion (A): Most of the trivalent lanthanide ions are coloured both in the solid state and in aqueous solution. [1]
Reason (R): The elements with xf electrons have a similar colour to those of (14-x)f electrons.

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 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

30. Assertion: Tailing of mercury occurs on passing ozone through it. [1]
Reason: It is due to oxidation of mercury.

a) If both Assertion & Reason are true and the b) If both Assertion & Reason are true but the
reason is the correct explanation of the reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion. assertion.

c) If Assertion is true statement but Reason is d) If both Assertion and Reason are false
false. statements.
31. Calculate the spin only magnetic moment of a divalent ion of a metal M in aqueous solution. The atomic [1]
number of the metal M is 25.

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32. Match the property given in Column I with the element given in Column II. [2]

Column I (Property) Column II (Element)

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(a) Lanthanoid which shows +4 oxidation state

(b) Lanthanoid which can show +2 oxidation state

(i) Pm

(ii) Ce

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(c) Radioactive lanthanoid (iii) Lu
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(d) Lanthanoid which has 4f7 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state (iv) Eu

(e) Lanthanoid which has 4f14 electronic configuration in +3 oxidation state (v) Gd
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(vi) Dy

33. Answer the following: [2]

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a. What is the general electronic configuration of lanthanoids?

b. What are the common oxidation states of Cerium (At. no. 58)?
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c. Why do actinoids show a wide range of oxidation states?

34. Which of the 3d series of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation states and why? [2]
35. A solution of KMnO4 on reduction yields either a colorless solution or a brown precipitate or a green solution [2]

depending on pH of the solution. What different stages of the reduction do these represent and how are they
carried out?
36. Write the balanced ionic equations showing the oxidising action of acidified dichromate (C r 2 O7
2−
) solution with [2]
i. Iron (II) Ion and
ii. tin (II) ion.
37. Name the oxometal anions of the first series of the transition metals in which the metal exhibits the oxidation [2]
state to its group number.
2+

38. Consider the standard electrode potential values ( M

) of the elements of the first transition series. [2]
M

Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn

-1.63 -1.18 -0.90 -1.18 -0.44 -0.28 -0.25 +0.34 -0.76

Explain:

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 i. Eo value for copper is positive.

ii. Eo value of Mn is more negative as expected from the trend.

iii. Cr3+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+.

39. When Cu2+ ion is treated with KI, a white precipitate is formed. Explain the reaction with the help of chemical [2]
equation.
40. While filling up of electrons in the atomic orbitals, the 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital but the reverse [2]
happens during the ionization of the atom. Explain why?
41. In what way is the electronic configuration of the transition elements different from that of the non transition [2]
elements?
42. The halides of transition elements become more covalent with increasing oxidation state of the metal. Why? [2]
43. State whether the given statement is True or False: [2]
(a) The purest gold is of 24-carat. [1]
(b) Fe3O4 is a mixed oxide of FeO and F2O3. [1]

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44. Complete and balance the given reaction [3]

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2 + 2+
C r2 O7 + 14H + 6F e →

45. What are the characteristics of transition elements and why are they called transition elements? Which of the d- [3]
block elements may not be regarded as the transition elements?

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46. a. Explain why do transition elements show variable oxidation states. Write all the possible oxidation states of [3]
an element having atomic number 25.
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b. Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of the lanthanoids in reference to
i. Atomic and ionic size
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ii. Oxidation states.
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47. Give examples and suggest reasons for the following features of the transition metal chemistry: [3]
i. The lowest oxide of transition metal is basic, the highest is amphoteric/acidic.
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ii. A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state in oxides and fluorides.
iii. The highest oxidation state is exhibited in oxoanions of a metal.
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48. Give reasons for the following statements: [3]

a. Scandium (Z = 21) is a transition element but Zn (Z = 30) is not.
b. [Ti(H2O)]3+ is coloured while [Sc(H2 O)6]3+ is colourless.

c. Physical and chemical properties of the 4d and 5d series of the transition elements are quite similar than
expected.
49. What are actinoids? Describe briefly the physical and chemical properties of actinoids. [3]
50. Draw the structure of manganate and permanganate ions? [3]
51. Explain following through reactions. Also write their products. [3]
i. Acidified KMnO4 solution reacts with iron (II) ions.

ii. Pyrolusite is fused with KOH in the presence of air.

52. Account for the following: [3]

i. Cu2+ salts are coloured while Zn2+ salts are white.

ii. Eo value for the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Cr3+/Cr2+.
iii. Transition metals form alloys.

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53. Assign reasons for the following observations: [3]

i. Mn2+ compounds are more stable than Fe2+ compounds towards oxidation to their +3 state.
ii. Interstitial compounds are well known for transition elements.
iii. An aqueous solution of potassium chromate is yellow but changes its colour on decreasing pH of the
solution.

54. a. The electronic configuration of Ce is: [3]

58Ce = [Xe]54 4f1 5d1 6s2

Calculate the spin only magnetic moment of Ce3+ ion.

b. Why is copper regarded as a transition element although copper atom has completely filled d-orbitals in its
ground state?

c. Why is Sc3+ colourless in aqueous solution whereas Ti3+ is coloured?

55. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]

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Transition metal oxides are generally formed by the reaction of metals with oxygen at high temperatures. The
highest oxidation number in the oxides coincides with the group number. In vanadium, there is a gradual change

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from the basic V2O3 to less basic V2O4 and to amphoteric V2O5. V2O4 dissolves in acids to give VO2+ salts.
Potassium dichromate is a very important chemical used in the leather industry and as an oxidant for the

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preparation of many azo compounds. Dichromates are generally prepared from chromate. Sodium dichromate is
more soluble than potassium dichromate. The latter is, therefore, prepared by treating the solution of sodium
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dichromate with potassium chloride. Sodium and potassium dichromates are strong oxidising agents; sodium salt
has a greater solubility in water and is extensively used as an oxidising agent in organic chemistry. Potassium
dichromate is used as a primary standard in volumetric analysis.
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i. Which of the 3d series of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation and why? (1)
ii. A transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state ih oxides and fluorides. Give reason. (1)
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iii. How would you account for the increasing oxidising power in the series: (2)
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V O
+
2
< C r2 O
2−
7
< M nO
−
4
?
OR
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MnO is basic whereas Mn2O7 is acidic in nature. Give reason. (2)

56. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The unique behaviour of Cu, having a positive E° accounts for its inability to liberate H2 from acids. Only

oxidising acids (nitric and hot concentrated sulphuric) react with Cu, the acids being reduced. The stability of the
half-filled d sub-shell in Mn2+ and the completely filled d10 configuration in Zn2+ are related to their E° values,
whereas E° for Ni is related to the highest negative Δ hyd
H°. An examination of the E o
3+ 2+
values the low
(M /M )

value for Sc reflects the stability of Sc3+ which has a noble gas configuration. The comparatively high value for

Mn shows that Mn2+(d5) is particularly stable, whereas a comparatively low value for Fe shows the extra

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 stability of Fe3+ (d5). The comparatively low value for V is related to the stability of V2+ (half-filled t2g level).

i. Why Zn has high value for M3+/M2+ Standard Electrode Potentials? (1)
ii. Transition metals, despite high E° oxidation, are poor reducing agents. Justify. (1)
iii. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidising when both Cr and Mn have d4 configuration? (2)
OR

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Why Cu2+ is more stable than Cu+? (2)
57.

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Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The actinoids include the fourteen elements from Th to Lr. The actinoids are radioactive elements and the earlier
[4]

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members have relatively long half-lives, the latter ones have half-life values ranging from a day to 3 minutes for
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lawrencium. The latter members could be prepared only in nanogram quantities. Actinoids show a greater range
of oxidation states. The elements, in the first half of the series frequently exhibit higher oxidation states. The
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actinoids resemble the lanthanoids in having more compounds in +3 state than in the +4 state. All the actinoids
are believed to have the electronic configuration of 7s2 and variable occupancy of the 5f and 6d subshells. The
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magnetic properties of the actinoids are more complex than those of the lanthanoids. The variation in the
magnetic susceptibility of the actinoids with the number of unpaired 5f electrons is roughly parallel to the
corresponding results for the lanthanoid.
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i. Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than lanthanoid contraction. Why? (1)
ii. Actinoids show irregularities in their electronic configuration. Justify? (1)
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iii. The actinoid metals are all silvery in appearance but display a variety of structures than lanthanoid give
reason. (2)
OR
The magnetic properties of the actinoids are more complex than those of the lanthanoids. Why? (2)

58. a. Write the steps involved in the preparation of: [5]

i. K2Cr2O7 from Na2Cr2O7

ii. KMnO4 from K2MnO4

b. What is meant by lanthanoid contraction? What effect does it have on the chemistry of the elements which
follow lanthanoids?

59. i. a. How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the p-block elements? [5]

b. Out of Cu+ and Cu2+, which ion is unstable in aqueous solution and why?
c. Orange colour of Cr 2−
2 O7 ion changes to yellow when treated with an alkali. Why?
ii. Chemistry of actinoids is complicated as compared to lanthanoids. Give two reasons.
60. Describe the preparation of potassium permanganate. How does the acidified permanganate solution react with [5]

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 i. iron
ii. ions
iii. SO2
iv. oxalic acid?
Write the ionic equations for the reactions.
61. Describe the preparation of potassium dichromate from iron chromite ore. What is the effect of increasing pH on [5]
a solution of potassium dichromate?
62. From the given data of Eo values, answer the following questions: [5]

Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu
∘
E 2+
(M /M)

-0.91 -1.18 -0.44 -0.28 -0.25 +0.34

i. Why is E ∘
2+
value exceptionally positive?
Cu /Cu

ii. Why is E o

( Mn
2+
/Mn)
value highly negative as compared to other elements?

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iii. Which is a stronger reducing agent Cr2+ or Fe2+? Give reason.

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63. a. Write one difference between transition elements and p-block elements with reference to variability of [5]
oxidation states.
b. Why do transition metals exhibit higher enthalpies of atomization?

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c. Name an element of lanthanoid series which is well known to shown +4 oxidation state. Is it a strong
oxidising agent or reducing agent?
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d. What is lanthanoid contraction? Write its one consequence.
e. Write the ionic equation showing the oxidation of Fe(II) salt by acidified dichromate solution.
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[5]
64. a. Write the number of unpaired electrons in Cr3+.
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(Atomic number of Cr = 24)

b. Complete the reaction mentioning all the products formed:
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2− +
Cr2 O + 3H2 S + 8H →
7

c. Account for the following:

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i. Mn2+ is more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to +3 state.

ii. Copper has exceptionally positive E 0

M
2+
value.
iii. Eu2+ with electronic configuration [Xe] 4f76s2 is a strong reducing agent.
[5]
65. a. A transition element X has electronic configuration [Ar] 4s2 3d3. Predict its likely oxidation states.
b. Complete the reaction mentioning all the products formed:
Δ

2 KMnO4 −
→

c. Account for the following:

i. In the 3d transition series, zinc has the lowest enthalpy of atomisation.
ii. Cu+ ion is unstable in aqueous solution.
iii. Actinoids show more number of oxidation states than lanthanoids.

66. i. Give reasons for the following observations. [5]

a. Cu+ ion is not stable in aqueous solution.

b. Mn(II) ion shows maximum paramagnetic character amongst the bivalent ions of first transition series.

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 c. Scandium( Z = 21) salts are white.
ii. Describe the reactions involved in the preparation of K2Cr2O7 from chromite ore.

67. Describe the general trends in the following properties of the first series (3d) of the transition elements: [5]
i. Number of oxidation states exhibited.
ii. Formation of oxo metal ions.

68. The Eo (M2+/M) value for copper is positive (+0.34V). What is possibly the reason for this? [5]

69. i. Account for the following: [5]

a. Copper (I) compounds are white whereas Copper (II) compounds are coloured.
b. Chromates change their colour when kept in an acidic solution.
c. Zn, Cd, Hg are considered as d-block elements but not as transition elements.

ii. Calculate the spin-only moment of Co2+ (Z = 27) by writing the electronic configuration of Co and Co2+.

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