Database Administrator (DBA) MCQs with Answers and Explanations - Set

2
Q1. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q2. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q3. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q4. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?
 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q5. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q6. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q7. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q8. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q9. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q10. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q11. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q12. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q13. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q14. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q15. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q16. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q17. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q18. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q19. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q20. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q21. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q22. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q23. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q24. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q25. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q26. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q27. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q28. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q29. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q30. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q31. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q32. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q33. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q34. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q35. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q36. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q37. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q38. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q39. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q40. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q41. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q42. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q43. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q44. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q45. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q46. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q47. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q48. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q49. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q50. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q51. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q52. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q53. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q54. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q55. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q56. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q57. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q58. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q59. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q60. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q61. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q62. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q63. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q64. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q65. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q66. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q67. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q68. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q69. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q70. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q71. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q72. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q73. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q74. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q75. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q76. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q77. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q78. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q79. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q80. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q81. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q82. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q83. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q84. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q85. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q86. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q87. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q88. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q89. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q90. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q91. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q92. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q93. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q94. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q95. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q96. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q97. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q98. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q99. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q100. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q101. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q102. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q103. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q104. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q105. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q106. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q107. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q108. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q109. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q110. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q111. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q112. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q113. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q114. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q115. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q116. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q117. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q118. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q119. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q120. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q121. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q122. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q123. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q124. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q125. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q126. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q127. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q128. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q129. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q130. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q131. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q132. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q133. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q134. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q135. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q136. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q137. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q138. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q139. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q140. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q141. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q142. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q143. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q144. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q145. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q146. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q147. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q148. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q149. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q150. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q151. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q152. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q153. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q154. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q155. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q156. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q157. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q158. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q159. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q160. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q161. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q162. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q163. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q164. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q165. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q166. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q167. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q168. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q169. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q170. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q171. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q172. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q173. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q174. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q175. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q176. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q177. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q178. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q179. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q180. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q181. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q182. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q183. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q184. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q185. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q186. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q187. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q188. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q189. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q190. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q191. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q192. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q193. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q194. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q195. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q196. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q197. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q198. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q199. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q200. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q201. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q202. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q203. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q204. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q205. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q206. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q207. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q208. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q209. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q210. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q211. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q212. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q213. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q214. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q215. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q216. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q217. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q218. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q219. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q220. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q221. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q222. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q223. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q224. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q225. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q226. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q227. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q228. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q229. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q230. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q231. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q232. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q233. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q234. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q235. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q236. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q237. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q238. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q239. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q240. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q241. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q242. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q243. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q244. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q245. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q246. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q247. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q248. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q249. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q250. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q251. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q252. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q253. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q254. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q255. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q256. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q257. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q258. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q259. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q260. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q261. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q262. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q263. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q264. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q265. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q266. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q267. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q268. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q269. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q270. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q271. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q272. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q273. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q274. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q275. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q276. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q277. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q278. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q279. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q280. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q281. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q282. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q283. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q284. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q285. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q286. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q287. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q288. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q289. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q290. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q291. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q292. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q293. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q294. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q295. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q296. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q297. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q298. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q299. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q300. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q301. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q302. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q303. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q304. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q305. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q306. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q307. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q308. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q309. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q310. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q311. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q312. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q313. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q314. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q315. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q316. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q317. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q318. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q319. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q320. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q321. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q322. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q323. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q324. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q325. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q326. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q327. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q328. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q329. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q330. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q331. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q332. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q333. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q334. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q335. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q336. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q337. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q338. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q339. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q340. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q341. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q342. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q343. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q344. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q345. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q346. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q347. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q348. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q349. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q350. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q351. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q352. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q353. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q354. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q355. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q356. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q357. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q358. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q359. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q360. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q361. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q362. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q363. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q364. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q365. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q366. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q367. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q368. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q369. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q370. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q371. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q372. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q373. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q374. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q375. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q376. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q377. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q378. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q379. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q380. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q381. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q382. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q383. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q384. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q385. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q386. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q387. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q388. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q389. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q390. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q391. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q392. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q393. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q394. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q395. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q396. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q397. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q398. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q399. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q400. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q401. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q402. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q403. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q404. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q405. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q406. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q407. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q408. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q409. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q410. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q411. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q412. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q413. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q414. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q415. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q416. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q417. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q418. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q419. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q420. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q421. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q422. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q423. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q424. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q425. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q426. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q427. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q428. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q429. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q430. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q431. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q432. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q433. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q434. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q435. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q436. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q437. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q438. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q439. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q440. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q441. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q442. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q443. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q444. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q445. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q446. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q447. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q448. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q449. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q450. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q451. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q452. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q453. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q454. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q455. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q456. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q457. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q458. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q459. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q460. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q461. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q462. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q463. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q464. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q465. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q466. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q467. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q468. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q469. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q470. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q471. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q472. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q473. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q474. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q475. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q476. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q477. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q478. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q479. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q480. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q481. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q482. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q483. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q484. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q485. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q486. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q487. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q488. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q489. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.
Q490. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q491. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q492. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?

 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q493. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data
Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q494. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q495. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.

Q496. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the result of two SELECT statements and
remove duplicates?

 a) UNION ALL
 b) INTERSECT
 c) UNION
 d) JOIN

Answer: c) UNION

Explanation: UNION combines results from multiple SELECT queries and removes duplicate
rows, unlike UNION ALL.

Q497. Which of the following is used to ensure that values in a column are unique across
rows?
 a) PRIMARY KEY
 b) FOREIGN KEY
 c) UNIQUE constraint
 d) CHECK constraint

Answer: c) UNIQUE constraint

Explanation: The UNIQUE constraint ensures all values in a column are different, but unlike
PRIMARY KEY, it allows one NULL.

Q498. In SQL Server, what does ACID stand for in transactions?

 a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

 b) Access, Control, Integrity, Data
 c) Atomicity, Concurrency, Integrity, Data
 d) Allocation, Control, Index, Data

Answer: a) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Explanation: ACID properties ensure reliable transactions: Atomicity (all-or-nothing),

Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

Q499. Which of the following indexing methods is commonly used in relational databases?

 a) Hash Index
 b) B-tree Index
 c) Bitmap Index
 d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Explanation: Databases use B-tree, Hash, and Bitmap indexes depending on query type and
workload.

Q500. What is a clustered index?

 a) An index stored separately from the table

 b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows
 c) An index that cannot have duplicates
 d) An index used only for text searches

Answer: b) An index that determines the physical order of table rows

Explanation: In clustered indexes, table rows are stored in the order of the index key values,
improving retrieval.