Savitribai Phule Pune University

2019 Pattern
( As Per New Revised Syllabus )

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Mobile Computing For

Semester- VIII
Electronics & Tele. Engineering
 -: Syllabus Topic :-
:-

Unit 3 Network Layer

Syllabus Topics;

Mobile IP, DHCP, AdHoc, Proactive protocol-DSDV, Reactive Routing Protocols: DSR,
AODV, Hybrid routing: ZRP, Multicast Routing: ODMRP, Vehicular Ad Hoc networks
(VANET), MANET Vs VANET: Security.

Unit 4 Mobile IP and Transport Layer

Syllabus Topics:

Mobile IP: Need of mobile IP, IP packet delivery, Agent Discovery, Registration,
Tunnelling and encapsulation, Route optimization, IP Handoff.
Transport Layer: Overview of Traditional TCP and implications of mobility control.
Improvement of TCP: Indirect TCP, Snoop TCP, Mobile TCP, Fast Retransmit/fast
recovery, Time-out freezing, Selective retransmission, Transaction-oriented TCP.

Unit 5 Fading Channels

Syllabus Topics:

Rayleigh Fading and Statistical Characterization, Properties of Rayleigh Distribution, BER

in Fading, Narrowband vs Wideband Channels, Characterization of Multipath Fading
Channels, Choice of Modulation, Coherent versus Differential Detection, BER in Fading ,
Ricean Fading

Unit 6 Operating System & Applications of Mobile Computing

Syllabus Topics :

Operating System: A Few Basic Concepts, Special Constraints and Requirements of Mobile
OS, A Survey of Commercial Mobile Operating Systems, Windows Mobile, Palm OS,
Symbian OS, iOS, Android, Blackberry OS, A Comparative study of Mobile OS, OS for
sensor Network.
Applications: M-Commerce, Business to Consumer (B2C) Applications, Business to Business
(B2B) Applications. Structure of M-Commerce, Pros and Cons of M-Commerce, Mobile
Payment System, Mobile Payment Schemes, Desirable properties of a Mobile Payment
system, Mobile Payment solutions, Process of Mobile Payment, Security Issues.
 -: Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :-
:-

Unit 3 Network Layer

Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :

1. Explain basic terminologies of mobile IP. [8]

2. Explain MANETs using mobile IP with suitable diagram. [8]

3. What is the basic purpose of DHCP? Explain the protocol with suitable diagram. [8]

4. Explain with suitable data flow diagram, client initialization via DHCP. [8]

5. What is an AdHoc network? Explain its characteristics and applications. [5]

6. Explain the working of Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) protocol with

example. [8]

7. How does Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) route the data? What are its advantages
and disadvantages? [8]

8. How does Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) route the data? What
are its advantages and disadvantages? [8]

9. Compare proactive routing protocols with reactive routing protocols. [8]

10. What is hybrid routing? Explain zone routing protocol (ZRP) with suitable diagram. [8]

11. Explain On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) with suitable diagram. [8]

12. What is VANET? Explain its architecture and applications. [5]

13. Compare the security challenges in MANET and VANET. [5]

 Unit 4 Mobile IP and Transport Layer

Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :

1. Why is Mobile IP needed? Discuss the motivation behind its development. [5]

2. Describe IP packet delivery between two mobile nodes in a mobile IP network. Why
reverse tunneling is required? [8]

3. What is agent discovery in Mobile IP? Explain its role and procedure. [5]

4. Explain with diagram the registration process of a mobile node via foreign agent (FA)
and directly with home agent (HA). [8]

5. What is encapsulation in mobile IP? List different methods of encapsulation and explain
any one of them. [8]

6. Why and when encapsulation is needed? List different methods of encapsulation and
explain any one of them. [8]

7. What is route optimization in Mobile IP? Why is it important? [5]

8. Explain IP handoff in Mobile IP. What challenges does it address? [5]

9. Discuss the limitations of traditional TCP in mobile environments. [5]

10. Explain the modifications of Indirect TCP. What are its advantages and disadvantages?
[8]

11. Explain snooping TCP with proper diagram. List its advantages and disadvantages. [8]
12. Compare indirect TCP, snooping TCP and mobile-TCP. [8]

13. Write short note on mobile-TCP. List its advantages and disadvantages. [8]

14. What is fast retransmit and fast recovery in TCP? How do they help in mobility? [5]

15. Explain the concept of time-out freezing in TCP. Why is it used in mobile networks?
[5]

16. Write short note on selective retransmission, an extension of TCP. List its advantages
and disadvantages. [8]

17. Explain transaction-oriented TCP with suitable diagram. What are its advantages and
disadvantages? [8]

Unit 5 Fading Channels

Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :

1. Explain fading in detail? Classify types of fading. [7]

2. Explain Rayleigh distribution. How mean and variance of Rayleigh distribution is

calculated? [7]

3. Explain Ricean fading channel model. Differentiate between Rayleigh fading and Ricean
fading. [7]

4. Compare wideband and narrowband channels. using table List any two channel models
used in mentioned channels. [7]
5. Describe multipath propagation with neat diagram. What is ISI in multipath fading
channels? [7]

6. Explain reflection, scattering and ISI in multipath fading channel with suitable
diagram. [7]

7. How does the choice of modulation scheme affect performance in fading

environments? [5]

8. What is non-coherent detection? Explain with neat diagram, non-coherent detection

of FSK. [7]

Compare coherent and differential detection techniques in the context of wireless

channels. [5]

9. How is Bit Error Rate (BER) affected by fading? Discuss its implications on system
design. [5]

Unit 6 Operating System & Applications of Mobile Computing

Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :

1. Explain mobile operating system. What are needs of a mobile OS? List different types
of OS. [7]

2. List and explain in brief the design issues of a mobile OS. [7]

3. What are the special constraints and requirements of mobile operating systems? [7]

4. Provide a comparative study of Windows Mobile, Palm OS, Symbian OS, iOS, Android,
and Blackberry OS. [7]
5. What are the unique features of Symbian OS and how does it differ from Android? [7]

6. Discuss the evolution of commercial mobile operating systems. [7]

7. Describe the architecture and key features of Android OS. [7]

8. Explain the design and components of an operating system for a sensor network. [7]

9. What is M-commerce? List out benefits of M-commerce. Briefly explain any three
applications of M-commerce. [7]

10. What is M-commerce? Explain in brief any five attributes of M-commerce. [7]

11. What is a mobile payment system? Explain payment process using credit card. [7]

12. What is a mobile payment system? Explain payment process using credit card. List
advantages and disadvantages of M-commerce. [10]

13. Draw B2B model and explain any one B2B application. [7]

14. Draw B2C model and explain any one B2C application. [7]

15. Describe the structure of a typical M-commerce system. [7]

16. Explain the process of mobile payment with a suitable example. [7]

17. List and explain various mobile payment schemes. [7]

18. What are the desirable properties of a mobile payment system? [7]

19. Explain various mobile payment solutions and their pros and cons. [7]
20. Discuss the major security issues in mobile payment systems. [7]

21. How can mobile payments be secured against fraud and data theft? [7]

22. What is mobile computing? Describe three components of mobile computing. [7]

23. Write a short note on mobile computing and its three basic components. [7]
 Unit 3 : Network Layer

Mobile Computing:

Pyq Question:
 Explain any five characteristics of mobile computing. [10]

Introduction:
 Mobile computing is a technology that allows transmission of data, voice, and video
via a computer or other wireless-enabled device without being connected to a fixed
physical link.
 It enables users to access data and services from any location, improving flexibility
and real-time communication.

Definition:
 Mobile computing is the process of computing through portable devices that support
mobility and wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, 4G/5G, Bluetooth,
and more.
 These devices allow the user to perform computing tasks without staying at a fixed
location.

Characteristics of Mobile Computing:

 Mobility:
o The user can move from one place to another while maintaining the connection
and accessing information or applications.
o Devices such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops support mobility for real-
time use.
 Wireless Communication:
o Data and services are accessed over wireless networks such as 4G/5G, Wi-Fi,
or satellite networks.
o It removes the need for physical cables, allowing flexible and fast
communication anywhere.
 Portability:
o Devices used in mobile computing are lightweight and easy to carry.
 o This allows users to work or access data on the go, enhancing convenience and
usability.
 Remote Access:
o Mobile computing enables users to access data, applications, and resources
from remote locations.
o This is especially useful for remote workers, travelers, and field
professionals.
 Instant Connectivity:
o Devices can connect instantly to networks and services when in range, without
manual configuration.
o This supports real-time communication and updates, enhancing productivity.

Diagram:

Explanation of Diagram:
 The user interacts with a mobile device like a smartphone or tablet.
 The mobile device contains components like processor, OS, and a wireless adapter
that help in computation and communication.
 It connects to a wireless network using technologies such as Wi-Fi or 4G/5G, which
further connects to the internet or cloud.
 From the internet/cloud, the user can access web applications and cloud storage for
data retrieval and real-time work.
Additional Characteristics (Optional if Asked):
 Data Synchronization:
o Synchronization ensures data consistency across devices and platforms
during mobile computing.
o This is crucial for accessing the most up-to-date information while moving
across different locations.
 Security Concerns:
o As mobile devices often access public networks, security is a critical
characteristic of mobile computing.
o Techniques such as encryption, VPN, and biometric locks are used to protect
data.

Mobile IP:

Pyq Question:
 Explain basic terminologies of Mobile IP. [8]

Introduction:
 Mobile IP is a communication protocol that allows users to move across different
networks while maintaining a permanent IP address.
 It supports seamless internet connectivity for mobile devices, even while they
change their network attachment point.

Definition:
 Mobile IP is a standard protocol developed by IETF (Internet Engineering Task
Force) to facilitate mobility in IP networks without changing the IP address.
 It enables continuous internet sessions during the handover process in mobile
environments.

Basic Terminologies of Mobile IP:

 Mobile Node (MN):
 o A mobile node is a device, such as a smartphone or laptop, that can move from
one network to another while keeping its IP address fixed.
o It sends and receives packets even while changing locations.
 Home Agent (HA):
o A home agent is a router on the mobile node's home network which maintains
information about the device’s current location.
o It forwards the data to the mobile node when it is away from home network.
 Foreign Agent (FA):
o A foreign agent is a router that provides routing services to the mobile node
when it is visiting a foreign network.
o It communicates with the home agent to deliver data to the correct location
of the mobile node.
 Care-of Address (CoA):
o A care-of address is a temporary IP address assigned to the mobile node when
it is connected to a foreign network.
o It identifies the mobile node's current location in the foreign network.
 Correspondent Node (CN):
o A correspondent node is any device that communicates with the mobile node.
o It may be stationary or mobile and located in any part of the internet.

Diagram:
Explanation of Diagram:
 The Correspondent Node (CN) sends packets to the mobile node through the Home
Agent (HA), located in the mobile node’s original home network.
 The Home Agent uses tunneling to forward these packets to the Foreign Agent (FA)
in the foreign network where the mobile node is currently present.
 The Foreign Agent delivers the packets to the Mobile Node using its Care-of
Address (CoA).
 The mobile node can reply directly to the CN, or through the same tunneling route.

Additional Related Concepts:

 Tunneling:
o Tunneling is the process where the home agent encapsulates the original
packet and sends it to the foreign agent or CoA using a tunnel.
o This ensures the mobile node receives packets even when it changes its
network location.
 Binding:
o Binding is the association between a mobile node's home address and its care-
of address.
o The home agent uses binding to track the mobile node’s current location.
 Registration:
o The mobile node registers its care-of address with its home agent whenever
it moves to a new network.
o This process allows the home agent to update its binding table.

Mobile IP in MANETs:

Pyq Question:
 Explain MANETs using Mobile IP with suitable diagram. [8]

Introduction:
 MANET stands for Mobile Ad hoc Network, a wireless network formed by a group of
mobile devices without fixed infrastructure or centralized access points.
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