HINDUSTANI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA,
GUWAHATI
Physics Investigatory Project
Topic :-Water level Indicator
Session 2025-26
Summited by Latish Sharma
Class XII Sci A
Roll No :-_______________
Guided by Nabalata
Bora Medhi
Certificate
This is to certify that Latish Sharma of class XII Science,
Roll no ________________
of Hindustani Kendriya Vidyalaya, Guwahati has completed
his assignment under my supervision. He has taken proper
care and shown utmost sincerity in the completion of
Physics project.
I certify that the assignment is upto my expectation and as
per the guidelines issued by Centra Board of Secondary
Education (CBSE),New Delhi.
External examiner's sign Internal examiner's sign Principal's sign
Acknowledgement
It is a genuine pleasure to express my thanks
and gratitude to my mentor Mrs. Nabalata
Bora Medhi. Her dedication and keen interest
above all her overwhelming attitude to help her
students is mainly responsible for completing
my work.
I owe a deep sense of gratitude to our Principal
madam, who gave me the golden opportunity of
doing this wonderful project. Lastly, I would like
to thank all my friends and my parents for
suggesting me and helping me to complete this
Physics Project on time.
Student’s Name: Latish Sharma
Roll No. :..................................
Hindustani Kendriya Vidyalaya
Bhangagarh, Guwahati-5
Content
Introduction
Objective
Theory
Materials Required
Circuit Diagram
Construction
Working
Observation Table
Result
Conclusion
Applications
Bibliography
Introduction
Water is a vital resource, and in many
households, it is wasted due to overflowing
water tanks. This project aims to develop a
simple water level indicator using basic
electronic components to help prevent such
wastage
Objective
To design a water level indicator that detects
and displays the level of water in a tank using
sensor electrodes, LEDS and transistors.
Theory
The system uses the conductivity of water
to complete circuits through electrodes
placed at different heights. When water
touches an electrode, it activates a
transistor which in turn lights an LED
corresponding to the water level.
Material Required
4 x Transistors
4 x LEDs
4 x Resistors
1 x Buzzer
1 x Battery + Connector
Connecting Wires
4 x Bare Copper Electrodes
Breadboard or PCB
Switch
Plastic Container (Model Tank)
Circuit diagram
Construction
Place 4 electrodes inside the tank at
different heights.
Connect each electrode to the base of a
transistor.
Connect the collector of each transistor to
an LED through a resistor.
Connect the emitter of each transistor to
the negative terminal of the battery.
Use connecting wires to power the circuit
from a battery.
Working
When water touches an electrode, it
completes the circuit, activating the
corresponding transistor.This allows current
to flow and light up the LED. The buzzer can
also be triggered when the highest level is
reached.
Observation table
Water First Second
Third LED Buzzer
level LED LED
Empty Off Off Off Off
Low On Off Off Off
Medium On On Off Off
Full On On On On
Result
The system successfully detected water levels
and activated LEDs accordingly.
Conclusion
This water level indicator is a practical
solution to prevent water wastage andprevent
water wastage and promote conservation in
households and other setups.
Application
Used in water tanks at homes, schools,
industries, and agriculture for efficient water
management.
Bibliography
NCERT Physics Textbook
Electronicsforu.com
School Lab Manual
