Integral Calculus
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LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
INTEGRAL FORMULAS
1. ∫ a du = a ∫ du = au + C, where a = constant 16. ∫ sec u tan u du = sec u + C
un+1
2. ∫ un du = +C, where n ≠ −1 17. ∫ csc u cot u du = − csc u + C
n+1
du du u
3. ∫ = ln u + C 18. ∫ = arcsin + C
u √a2
− u2 a
du 1 u
4. ∫ ln u du = u ln u − u + C 19. ∫ 2 2
= arctan + C
u +a a a
du 1 u
5. ∫ eu du = eu + C 20. ∫ = arcsec + C
2
u√u − a 2 a a
u
a
6. ∫ au du = +C 21. ∫ sinh u du = cosh u + C
ln a
7. ∫ u dv = uv − ∫ v du Integration by Parts 22. ∫ cosh u du = sinh u + C
8. ∫ sin u du = − cos u + C 23. ∫ sech2 u du = tanh u + C
9. ∫ cos u du = sin u + C 24. ∫ csch2 u du = − coth u + C
10. ∫ tan u du = ln sec u + C 25. ∫ sech u tanh u du = − sech u + C
= − ln cos u + C
26. ∫ csch u coth u du = − csch u + C
11. ∫ cot u du = ln sin u + C du 1 u−a
27. ∫ = ln ( ) + C , if u2 > a2
= − ln csc u + C u2
−a 2 2a u+a
du 1 u+a
12. ∫ sec u du = ln(sec u + tan u) + C 28. ∫ 2 2
= ln ( ) + C, if u2 < a2
a −u 2a u−a
= − ln(sec u − tan u) + C du
29. ∫ = ln (u + √u2 + a2 ) + C
13. ∫ csc u du = ln(csc u − cot u) + C √u + a2
2
du
30. ∫ = ln (u + √u2 − a2 ) + C
= − ln(csc u + cot u) + C √u2 − a2
u a2 u
14. ∫ sec 2 u du = tan u + C 31. ∫ √a2 − u2 du = √a2 − u2 + arcsin + C
2 2 a
2
u a
15. ∫ csc 2 u du = − cot u + C 32. ∫ √u2 ± a2 du = √u2 ± a2 ± ln(u + √u2 ± a2 ) + C
2 2
WALLI’S FORMULA
π
2 [(m − 1)(m − 3) … (2 or 1)][(n − 1)(n − 3) … (2 or 1)]
∫ sinm θ cos n θ dθ = α
0 (m + n)(m + n − 2)(m + n − 4) … (2 or 1)
where: Note:
m and n are nonnegative integers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, … ) if m or n equals 1 or 0, apply the following:
π Rule: If the factor (m − 1)or (n − 1) in the numerator
α = , if both m and n are even,
2 0 or − 1, replace the product in which this occurs
or one is zero and the other is even by unity.
α = 1, if otherwise
Integral Calculus
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LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
PLANE AREAS:
USING RECTANGULAR COORDINATES SYSTEM: USING POLAR COORDINATES:
II. Using a horizontal rectangular
I. Using a vertical rectangular element 1
element
dA = r 2 dθ
2
1 θ2
A = ∫ r 2 dθ
2 θ1
dA = [yu − yL ]dx dA = [xR − xL ]dy
b d
A = ∫ [yu − yL ]dx A = ∫ [xR − xL ]dy
a c
b d
A = ∫ [f(x) − g(x)]dx A = ∫ [g(y) − f(y)]dy
a c
VOLUME OF SOLID OF REVOLUTION :
METHODS OF FINDING THE VOLUMES OF SOLID OF REVOLUTION
I. Disk Method II. Ring or Washer Method III. Cylindrical Shell Method
Rules: 1. The axis of rotation is Rules: 1. The axis of rotation is Rules: 1. The axis of rotation
a part of the boundary not a part of the may or may not be a
of the plane area. boundary of the plane part of the boundary of
2. The element chosen area. the rotated area.
must be perpendicular 2. The element chosen 2. The element chosen
to the axis of rotation. must be perpendicular must be parallel to the
to the axis of rotation. axis of rotation.
dV = (πr22 − πr12 ) dh
dV = πr 2 dh dV = 2πrh dr
b dV = π(r22 − r12 ) dh b
b
V = π ∫ r 2 dh V = 2π ∫ rh dr
a V = π ∫ (r22 − r12 ) dh a
a
Integral Calculus
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LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
PAPPUS THEOREM
First Proposition : The surface area of revolution is equal to the length of the generating arc times the
circumference of the circle described by the centroid of the arc, provided the axis of revolution
does nor cross the generating arc.
As = CL
= 2πc̅L
where L is the length of arc
Second Proposition: The volume of the solid revolution is equal to the generating area times the circumference of
the circle described by the centroid of the area, provided the axis of revolution does not cross
the generating area.
V = CA
= 2πc̅A
where A is the generating area
CENTROID OF A PLANE AREA
x̅A = ∫ xc dA
where: xc and yc are coordinates of the centroid of the rectangular element
x̅ and y̅ are coordinates of the centroid of area A
y̅A = ∫ yc dA
Illustrations :
xC = x 1
1 xC = x
2
yC = y yC = y
2
yC = y xC = x
xR − xL yU − yL
xC = + xL yC = + yL
2 2
xR + xL yU + yL
xC = yC =
2 2
CENTROID OF A SOLD OF REVOLUTION
x̅ V = ∫ xc dV 𝐒𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐥
dV { 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐤
y̅ V = ∫ yc dV 𝐖𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐫
AREA OF COMMON POLAR CURVES
r = 2a sin θ r = 2a cos θ r 2 = a2 cos θ r 2 = a2 cos 2θ r 2 = a2 sin 2θ
A = πa2 A = πa2 A = 2a2 A = a2 A = a2
r = a sin 3θ r = a(1 − sin θ) r = a cos 2θ r = a sin 2θ
πa2 3πa2 1 1
A= A= A = πa2 A = πa2
4 2 2 2
Integral Calculus
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LEGIT MULTIVECTOR REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
REE – Apr. 2018
x^3
1. Evaluate ∫ dx, using trigonometric substitution x = 5 tan θ.
√x2 +25
1 25
A. (x2 + 25)3/2 – 25(x2 + 25)1/2 + C C. (x2 + 25)3/2 – 25(x2 + 25)1/2 + C
3 3
1 25
B. (x2 + 25)3/2 + 25(x2 + 25)1/2 + C D. (x2 + 25)3/2 + 25(x2 + 25)1/2 + C
3 3
REE – Sept. 2017
2. Evaluate ∫(sin 5x + cos 3x) dx from x = 0 to x = π/2.
A. 0.0347 B. 0.0213 C. 0.0123 D. 0.0417
REE – Apr. 2015 / Sept. 2022
3. Evaluate the integral of (sin x) raised to the 6th power dx and the limits from 0 to pi/2.
A. 0.49087 B. 0.48907 C. 0.96402 D. 0.94624
REE – Sept. 2015
4. What is the area bounded by the parabola x 2 = 8y and its latus rectum?
A. 64/3 s.u. B. 8/3 s.u. C. 16/3 s.u. D. 32/3 s.u.
REE – Apr. 2018 / Aug. 2019
5. Find the position value of c such that the area of the region bounded by the parabola
y = x2 – c2 and y = c2 – x2 is 576.
A. 13 B. 5 C. 8 D. 6
REE – Sept. 2013 / Aug. 2019
6. Find the area enclosed by the lemniscate of Bernoulli r2 = a2 cos 2θ.
A. a2/2 B. a2/4 C. a2 D. a2/3
REE – Apr. 2015 / Apr. 2018 / Apr. 2019 / Aug. 2019
7. The area bounded by the curve y2 = 12x and the line x = 3 is revolved about the line
x = 3. What is the volume generated?
A. 186 B. 179 C. 181 D. 184
REE – Apr. 2012 / Apr. 2016 / Apr. 2018 / Apr. 2019
8. The area enclosed by the ellipse 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 is revolved about the line x = 3, what is
the volume generated?
A. 370.3 B. 360.1 C. 355.3 D. 365.1
REE – Sept. 2014 / Apr. 2016 / Sept. 2016
9. Find the coordinates of the centroid of the plane area bounded by the parabola y = 4 – x2
and the x-axis.
A. (0, 1.5) B. (0, 1) C. (0, 2) D. (0, 1.6)
REE – Apr. 2011 / Sept. 2014 / Sept. 2018
10. Find the moment of inertia of the area bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x and the line
x = 1, with respect to the x-axis.
A. 2.133 B. 1.333 C. 3.333 D. 4.133
REE – Apr. 2013
11. A rectangular plate 6 m by 8 m is submerged vertically in a water. Find the force on one
face if the shorter side is uppermost and lies in the surface of the liquid.
A. 941.76 kN B. 1,883.52 kN C. 3,767.04 kN D. 470.88 kN
12. If a force of 400 N stretches a 3 m spring by 0.5 m, find the work done in stretching it
from 3 m to 5 m.
A. 1.6 kJ B. 6.4 kJ C. 3.2 kJ D. 10 kJ
Integral Calculus
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