KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY (KIIT)

(Deemed to be University)
SCHOOL OF BIO-TECHNOLOGY
AUTUMN SEMESTER-2024-25
Course Handout

1. Course details

Course code CT20009

Course title Engineering Principles
Number of credits 3 (L: 3, T: 0, P: 0)
Course category BS
Continuous Assessment (C.A.) 50
End Semester Assessment (E.S.A.) 50
Prerequisite Engineering Chemistry
Course Faculty Dr. Sankha Chakrabortty Dr. Santoshi
Mohanta

2. Course Description:

The aim of this course is to provide students with theoretical and analytical understandings of
stoichiometric factors that govern the input and output parameters of any production industry.
This course is important to provide process engineering ideas in a way that Chemical-Bio
technology graduates can understand.

3. Scope and Objectives

The primary goal of this course is to provide bioprocess engineering ideas in a way that
biotechnology graduates can understand. It aims to familiarize them with engineering
principles and thinking styles. The course is organized around major engineering sub-
disciplines such as dimensional analysis, mass and energy balances, and physical and
chemical system thermodynamics. Numerical problems demonstrate how the same
fundamental engineering approach may be applied to a range of bioprocess industries.

4. Course Outcome:

At the end of the course, the students will be able to:

CO1: Define the unit and dimension analysis through some basic chemical/biochemical
analysis. Define the basic stoichiometry analysis through some equations/reactions
involved in chemical/biochemical processes.
CO2: Define and illustrate thermodynamic equilibrium state system, ideal and non-ideal
relations.
CO3: Relate properties such as a change in enthalpy, entropy, free energy, heat and work
requirement for any batch and flow process that happens in chemical industries.
CO4: Make use of thermodynamic relations to interpret the partial molar properties of pure
gases and liquids and their mixtures.
CO5: Estimate the feasibilities of any reaction and determine the equilibrium rate constant
for chemical reactions.
CO6: Able to relate the thermodynamics principles to examples in real problems.
 5. Course Contents:

Unit-1: Introduction to Engineering Calculations: Concept of dimensions and system of units;

Fundamental quantities, Derived units, Basic chemical calculations with unit analysis:
Concept of mole, atomic weight and molecular weight; Concept of materials balance and
energy balance
Unit-2: The chemical equation & stoichiometry: concept of limiting & excess reactants,
conversion, degree of conversion, yield etc, Ideal gas laws, equation of state.
Unit-3: Definition and Basic Concepts - classical and statistical thermodynamics -
Volumetric properties of pure fluids: PVT Relations - Ideal gas- Real gas- Law of
corresponding states, First law of thermodynamics.
Unit-4: Second law of thermodynamics - change in internal energy - enthalpy - entropy
calculation for process, Gibbs free energy- Helmholtz free energy- Maxwell’s relations and
applications, fugacity - activity of pure substances determination of fugacity of pure gases,
solids and liquids, Mixture of pure fluids - Ideal solutions - Lewis Randal rule - Raoult’s law
- Henry’s law; Gibbs- Duhem equation.

6. Textbooks:

T1. Industrial Chemical Calculations, (Hougen, O. A.; Watson, K. M.)

T2.Textbook of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, second edition. Author: Narayanan
KV. Prentice Hall India, New Delhi, 2012.

Reference Books:

R1: Stoichiometry & Process Calculations, Narayanan KV, Eastern Economy Edition
R2: Stoichiometry, B. I. Bhatt, S. M. Vora, Tata McGraw-Hill
R3: Transport Processes and Unit Operations, C.J. Geankoplis, Prentice-Hall International

Lesson plan and active learning activities

The learning activities included in this course are:

 Attendance at lectures where syllabus material will be presented and explained, and the
subject illustrated with demonstrations and examples
 Participation in data analysis sessions and tutorials/workshops designed to give further
practice in the application of theory and procedures, and to give feedback on your
progress and understanding
 One-to one doubt clearing session, problem solving approaches through the course as
presented in lectures, tutorials and learning materials.

Lesson Plan:
Lecture Topics Contents Refer to
Number Chapter
(Book)
1-3 Concept of Basic and derived units used in process industry. 1,T1; 1, 2
Units and Solve numerical on unit conversion from one unit to R1
Dimensions SI unit.
Dimension and application of dimensional analysis
4-6 Mole Concept Mole, mole fraction, mass fraction, Atomic weight, 2,3T1, 2,4R1
molecular weight, molecular formula,
Mole concept with respect to chemical equation.
 Principle of atom conservation
Elementary problems on mole concept.
Methods of expressing composition of mixtures and
solutions
7-11 Material Fundamentals of materials balance, Law of 8,T1, 9,R1
Balance conservation of mass, Basis of Calculation, Simple
problems on mass balance.
12 Test 1/Quiz 1
13-16 Energy Balance Law of conservation of energy and explain energy 8,T1,12R1
balance, Hess’s law, Heat of Reaction, Heat of
Formation, Heat of Combustion
17-19 Stoichiometry Concept of limiting reactants 2, 3 T1, 3R1
empirical formula and solve some problems on it
Solve problems on chemical reaction on mass-mass,
mass-volume basis,
conversion, degree of conversion, yield etc,
20 Test 2/Quiz2
21-25 Ideal and Real Applications of ideal gas, Ideal gas laws, equation of 3T1, 4,5R1
Gases state, Average molecular weight, density and
composition (by weight and volume) of gas mixture
and solve problems on it
Partial pressure, vapour, Amagat’s law, Dalton’s law
and solve problems on it. Raoult’s law and Henry’s
law and solve problems
26-29 First law of PVT Relationship, First law of thermodynamics 9,T1, 12 R1
thermodynamics
30 Test 3/Quiz 3
31-35 Second law of Change in internal energy - enthalpy - entropy 5,6 T2, 6R2
thermodynamics calculation for process, Gibbs free energy- Helmholtz
free energy- Maxwell’s relations and applications,
36-38 Mixture of pure Fugacity, activity 6 T2, 7,8 R2
fluids - Ideal
solutions
39-40 Revision

9. Assessment components

Sl. Assessment Component Duration Weightage / Nature of the

No. Marks Component
1 Mid Semester Examination 1 Hour 20 Closed Book
2 End Semester Examination 2 Hours 50 Closed Book
3 Internal assessment – Continuous 1 week 30 Open/Closed Book
active learning activities

10. Assessment plan for active learning activities (Internal Assessment)

Active learning Duration Weightage / Nature of the Tentative

Sl. Assessment Marks Component Date
No Component
1 Quiz Test-1 30 min 15 Closed Book Aug 3 week
rd

2 Quiz Test-2 30 min Closed Book Sep 2 week

nd
 4 Quiz Test-3 30 min Closed Book Nov 2 week
nd

5 Assignment-1 1 week 5 Open Book Sep 2 week

nd

6 Assignment-2 1 week Open Book Oct 3 week

rd

7 Class interaction 5
8 Attendance 5

11. Attendance

Every student is expected to be regular (in attendance) in all lecture classes, tutorials, tests, quizzes,
seminars, etc., and in fulfilling all tasks assigned to him/her. Attendance will be recorded and 75%
attendance is compulsory.

12. Makeup examination

No make-up examination will be scheduled for the mid-semester examination. However, official
permission to take a make-up examination will be given under exceptional circumstances such as
admission in a hospital due to illness/injury, or calamity in the family at the time of examination.
Please follow the instructions and notifications from the examination section.

13. Discussion of Mid Semester performance

Performance of the mid-semester examination and tests will be discussed in the classroom.
14. Pre-end semester total marks
The pre-end semester total marks will be made available to the students before the start of end
semester examination.
15. Course Management System
SAP Portal is a software system designed to facilitate teachers in the management (instructional
content, assessment and documentation) of the courses for their students. Both teachers and students
can monitor the system.
16. Chamber consultation hour for doubts clarification
5.00 PM to 6.00 PM on weekdays.
Notices: All notices regarding the course will be displayed only on the School of
Biotechnology/Chemical Technology notice board.

Signature of the faculty