Topic 1 ENVIRONMENT & OUR GREEN PLANET

1. TỔNG HỢP TỪ VỰNG CẦN NHỚ

STT Từ Từ loại Nghĩa
1 affect v ảnh hưởng
effect n sự ảnh hưởng
effective adj có ảnh hưởng/có hiệu quả
2 alternative adj thay thế
3 aquatic adj dưới nước
4 billboard n biến quảng cáo
5 biodiversity n đa dạng sinh học
6 biogas n khí đốt (từ chất thải)
7 canyon n hẻm núi
8 carbon footprint np vết carbon
9 coastal adj ven biển
10 conserve v bảo tồn
11 contaminate v làm ô nhiễm
12 continent n lục địa
13 coral reef phr rặng san hô
14 charity n quỹ từ thiện
15 danger n sự nguy hiểm
dangerous endangered adj nguy hiểm
adj gặp nguy hiểm
16 forest n rừng
deforestation n nạn phá rừng
17 desert n sa mạc
18 destroy v phá hủy
destructive destruction adj (tính) phá hủy
n sự phá hủy, phá hoại
19 disappear v biến mất
20 dump v vứt bỏ
= dispose of v
21 ecosystem n hệ sinh thái
 ecology n sinh thái
22 emission n khí thải
23 energy n năng lượng
24 essential adj cần thiết, thiết yếu
25 extinct adj tuyệt chủng
extinction n sự tuyệt chủng
26 fertilizer n phân bón
27 flora and fauna np hệ động thực vật
28 food chain np chuỗi thức ăn
29 fossil fuel np nhiên liệu hóa thạch
30 generate v tạo ra, phát ra
31 giant adj khổng lồ
32 habitat n môi trường sống
33 harm v làm hại
harmful adj có hại
>< harmless adj vô hại
(un)harmed adj (không) bị tổn hại
34 hunt v săn
35 landfill n bãi rác
36 landform n địa hình
37 liquid n chất lỏng
38 low-cost adj giá thấp
39 lung n phổi
40 natural resources np tài nguyên thiên nhiên
41 nature reserve np khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên
42 peak n đỉnh
43 permanent adj vĩnh viễn
44 persuade v thuyết phục
45 petrol n xăng
= gas/gasoline n
46 pole n cực (Tráỉ Đất)
47 pollute v làm ô nhiêm
pollution n sự ô nhiễm
 pollutant n tác nhân ô nhiễm
(un)polluted adj (không) bị ô nhiễm
48 preserve v bảo tồn
49 prevent v ngăn chặn
50 prey n con mồi
51 produce v sản xuất, sản sinh
52 radioactive adj (thuộc) phóng xạ
53 recycle v tái chế
54 reduce v gaimr thiêu
55 refillable adj có thế làm đầy lại
56 release v thải ra
57 renewable adj có thê tái tạo
58 rubber n cao su
59 rubbish n rác
= garbage n
= trash n
60 satellite n vệ tinh
61 sea level np mực nước biển
62 adj quan trọng
significant significance n tầm quan trọng
solar adj (thuộc) mặt trời
63 solar panel np tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời
64 thermal adj (thuộc) nhiệt
65 threat n sự đe dọa
threaten v đe dọa
66 throw away vp vứt đi
67 treat v xử lí
(un)treated adj (chưa) được xử lí
treatment n sự xử lí
68 tropical adj nhiệt đới
volunteer n tình nguyên viên
69
volunteer v làm tình nguyện
2. TỔNG HỢP CẤU TRÚC CẦN NHỚ
STT Cụm Nghĩa
1 avoid + V-ing tránh làm gì
2 be responsible for sth/V-ing = take có trách nhiệm về việc gì
responsibility for sth/V-ing
3 concern about sth quan ngại về gì
4 contribute to sth/V-ing đóng góp vào việc gì
5 encourage sb to V khuyến khích ai làm gì
6 look forward to sth/V-ing mong đợi cái gì/làm gì
7 prevent sb from V-ing ngăn chặn ai làm gì
8 provide sb with sth cung cấp cho ai cải gì
9 raise sb’s awareness of sth nâng cao nhận thức của ai về gì
10 rely on sth dựa vào cái gì
BÀI TẬP TỰ LUYỆN
Exercise 1. Circle the best correct answer (A, B, C or D) for each of following questions.
1. Recycling helps to reduce the amount of ______ that ends up in landfills.
A. energy B. rubbish C. forest D. food
2. The ______ is home to many different plants and animals.
A. balance B. ecosystem C. ecology D. habitat
3. Trees help to keep the air ______ by absorbing carbon dioxide.
A. pure B. polluted C. clear D. clean
4. We should always ______ sour trash properly to keep the environment clean.
A. save B. throw C. waste D. reuse
5. Recycling is to ______ waste and save natural resources.
A. reduce B. increase C. dispose D. collect
6. Plastic bags are harmful to the environment because they can ______ animals.
A. benefit B. protect C. harm D. aid
7. Solar panels use sunlight to generate ______.
A. heat B. pollution C. energy D. landfill
8. Emission from cars and factories can cause air ______ and it is hard to breathe.
A. polluted B. pollution C. pollute D. pollutant
9. The process of cutting trees for temporary purposes is called ______.
A. deforestation B. logging C. urbanization D. reforestation
10. Renewable energy sources produce fewer greenhouse gas ______ compared to fossil fuels.
A. emission B. smoke C. carbon D. effect
11. Nuclear waste remains ______ for thousands of years and requires secure disposal methods.
A. wonderful B. harmless C. radioactive D. refillable
12. Solar panels absorb ______ energy from the sun to generate electricity.
A. wind B. thermal C. fuel D. hot
13. Plastic bags affect the ______ due to their harmful impact on marine life and ecosystems.
A. ocean B. household C. atmosphere D. universe
14. Many eco-friendly cleaning products are ______ to aquatic life.
A. harmful B. dangerous C. harmless D. endangered
15. ______ loss is a serious concern because it can destroy ecosystem.
A. Biodiversity B. Deforestation C. Pollution D. Recycling
16. Scientists believe there are more than 350,000 ______ of plants, but no one knows for sure.
A. species B. lots C. categories D. varieties
17. The hunting of ______ animals pose a significant threat to their survival in the wild.
A. endangered B. harmful C. dangerous D. extinct
18. The winds were so powerful that they ______ the entire town.
A. polluted B. preserved C. cleaned D. destroyed
19. Planting trees and reducing carbon emissions can help ______ climate change.
A. recycle B. increase C. prevent D. produce
20. Deforestation has a deep ______ on the biodiversity of ecosystems.
A. affect B. effectively C. effect D. effective
21. Solar and wind energy are examples of ______ sources of power.
A. limited B. fossil C. renewable D. polluted
22. If we continue to contaminate the sea, some marine species may ______ from our oceans.
A. disappear B. hunt C. danger D. threaten
23. Some local factories are ______ for dumping waste into the river.
A. careless B. responsible C. significant D. encouraged
24. Conservationists look forward ______ more green spaces in urban areas.
A. to see B. seeing C. to seeing D. see
25. The government has made an effort to prevent some aquatic species from going ______, like
dinosaurs.
A. dangerous B. extinct C. polluted D. harmful
26. ______ have provided invaluable data for tracking changes in sea level based on movement
of the moon.
A. Satellites B. Binoculars C. Charities D. Solar panels
27. To combat air pollution permanently, we need ______ solutions.
A. short-term B. limited C. long-term D. challenging
28. Carbon dioxide and methane are examples of greenhouse ______ contributing to global
warming.
A. pollution B. polluted C. pollute D. pollutants
29. Many countries ______ agriculture as their main source of food and income.
A. contribute to B. depend in C. throw away D. rely on
30. National parks are established to ______ natural habitats and wildlife.
A. converse B. recycle C. prevent D. preserve
Exercise 2. Rewrite the following sentences by using the word in the brackets.
1. “Please eat less sugar” My mom told me. (PREVENTED)

______________________________________________________________________________
_.
2. Anna shouldn’t shut the door so hard. (AVOID)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
3. The school aims to educate students about the importance of biodiversity. (AWARENESS)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
4. People around the world eagerly expect to celebrate Earth Day. (FORWARD)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
5. Hunting has made many animals disappear forever. (APPEARING)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
6. Local people are responsible for waste treatment. (TAKE)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
7. The government gave funding to charity to support renewable energy projects. (PROVIDED)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
8. Schools think it is good for students to take part in some events as a volunteer.
(ENCOURAGE)
____________________________________________________________________________
____.
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct arrangement of the
sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/letter for the following questions.
1.
a. Next, students should tidy their own room and throw rubbish in the right place.
b. Students can also turn off and unplug the electronic devices before leaving the room in order
to save energy.
c. Firstly, people can use public transportation to reduce the carbon footprint and gas emissions.
d. Lastly, planting more trees is a brilliant idea because they help clean the air and bring US a
fresher atmosphere.
e. Everyone can contribute to a greener planet through small daily actions.
f. In short, we can protect our planet in many different ways.
A. c-e-a-b-d-f B. c-a-e-b-d-f C. e-c-b-a-d-f D. e-c-a-b-d-f
2.
a. When their habitat is destroyed, the species cannot find any more food or a place to live, sleep
or have babies.
b. Finally, they dies out.
c. Therefore, they take away the natural home of plants and animals and start to build houses and
factories.
d. More and more people live in our world, so they need more space to live in.
e. Long ago, most animals and plants became extinct because of natural events, like earthquakes
or volcano eruptions.
f. However, today, plants and animals are in danger mostly because of human beings.
A. a-e-f-d-b-c B. a-d-e-f-c-b C. e-f-d-c-a-b D. e-f-a-b-d-c
3.
a. Therefore, we suggest that you should take actions as soon as possible.
b. Third, we should make use of plastic waste in arts and crafts projects, for example, for making
plant pots or bird feeders.
c. Second, the Youth Union should raise students’ awareness about recycling properly.
d. This report suggests three main solutions to the problem of single-use products in our school.
e. First, we suggest that the school should provide more recycling bins.
f. Reusing and recycling single-use plastics will lead to a greener school environment and help
promote a green lifestyle among young people.
A. d-e-c-f-b-a B. d-e-c-b-a-f C. d-e-b-c-f-a D. d-e-c-b-f-a
4.
a. Additionally, simple habits, like turning off lights when not needed and unplugging devices,
also help.
b. Best regards, Mike.
c. Lastly, when the air conditioner is turned on, we can mantain home temperature by closing
windows and doors.
d. Scientists show that traditional light bulbs cost twice as much energy as LED bulbs.
e. Dear Hana, I hope you’re well. I found out some tips to save energy and lower bills.
f. To begin with, try using energy-efficient appliances, and switching to LED bulbs.
A. e-f-d-a-c-b B. e-f-a-d-c-b C. e-f-c-a-d-b D. e-d-a-f-c-b
5.
a. First, the temperatures are rising, which causes the ice in polar regions to melt.
b. That’s why individuals and governments should join hands to ensure a greener, healthier
planet.
c. However, many forests are being cut down at an alarming rate.
d. Global warming is affecting the entire world.
e. As a result, sea levels are increasing, and low-lying areas are in danger.
f. Moreover, the forest plays a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide.
A. d-f-c-a-b-e B. d- a-e-f-c-b C. d-a-f-c-e-b D. f-c-b-e-a-d