.

NET Interview Questions by Priority

High Priority Questions

 Can you explain architecture of your current project?.......................................................... 25
 What is ILcode,JIT,CLR, CTS, CLS and CAS? ................................................................... 29
 What is a garbage collector? ................................................................................................. 29
 What are stack,heap,value, reference types, boxing and unboxing? .................................... 30
How are exceptions handled in .NET? ................................................................................. 30 What
are different types of collections in .NET? ................................................................. 31
 Explain Abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism? .................................. 31
 What are the different types of polymorphism? ................................................................... 32
 How does delegate differ from an event? ............................................................................. 32
 Can you explain connection, command, datareader and dataset in ADO.NET ? ................. 34
 How does “Dataset” differ from a “Data Reader”? .............................................................. 34
 What is ViewState? ............................................................................................................... 40
 What is LINQ and Entity framework? .................................................................................. 42 What’s
the difference between LINQ to SQL and Entity framework? ................................ 43
 What are design patterns? ..................................................................................................... 43
 Can you explain singleton pattern? ....................................................................................... 44 What
is MVC, MVP and MVVM pattern? ........................................................................... 44
 What is an IL code? .............................................................................................................. 46
 Why IL code is not fully compiled? ..................................................................................... 46
 Is it possible to view the IL code ? ....................................................................................... 48
 What is a CLR? ..................................................................................................................... 48
 What is a garbage collector? ................................................................................................. 48 What
are generations in Garbage collector (Gen 0, 1 and 2)? .............................................. 49
 Can we force garbage collector to run? ................................................................................ 50
 How to prevent my .NET DLL to be decompiled? ............................................................... 63
 How can we handle exceptions in .NET? ............................................................................. 65
 How can I know from which source the exception occurred? .............................................. 66
 What if we do not catch the exception? ................................................................................ 66
 What are system level exceptions and application level exceptions? ................................... 67
 What are the two different types of polymorphism? .......................................................... 107
 How can we implement static polymorphism? ................................................................... 108
 How can we implement dynamic polymorphism? .............................................................. 108
 What is a delegate? ............................................................................................................. 115
 How can we create a delegate? ........................................................................................... 115
 What is a multicast delegate? .............................................................................................. 116 What
are Events? ................................................................................................................ 116
 What is the difference between delegate and events? ......................................................... 116
Do events have return type? ................................................................................................ 117 Can
events have access modifiers? ..................................................................................... 117
 Can we have shared events? ............................................................................................... 117
 What is difference between dataset and data reader? ......................................................... 130
 What are Dataset objects? ................................................................................................... 130
 How do you fill the dataset? ............................................................................................... 133
 What are the various methods provided by the dataset object to generate XML? .............
133
 How can we save all data from dataset? ............................................................................. 134
 How can we check which rows have changed since dataset was loaded? ..........................
134
 How can we add/remove row is in “Data Table” object of “Dataset”? .............................. 134
What is basic use of “DataView”? ...................................................................................... 134
 How can we load multiple tables in a Dataset? .................................................................. 135
 How can we add relation between tables in a Dataset? ...................................................... 135
What is the use of Command Builder? ............................................................................... 135
 How can we perform transactions in .NET? ....................................................................... 137 What
is difference between Dataset.Clone and Dataset.Copy? .......................................... 137
 Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Record set?
138
 What are the different events which fire ASP.NET page life cycle?.................................. 139
 What are major events in GLOBAL.ASAX file? ............................................................... 159
 Is Session_End event supported in all session modes? ....................................................... 173
 What is ViewState? ............................................................................................................. 174
 How do we ensure viewstate is not tampered? ................................................................... 174
 What are benefits and Limitation of using Viewstate for state management? ...................
175
 How do we access viewstate value of the current page in the next page ? .........................
178
 What is MVC? .................................................................................................................... 194
 Explain MVC application life cycle? .................................................................................. 194
 Is MVC suitable for both windows and web application? .................................................. 196
What are the benefits of using MVC?................................................................................. 196
 Is MVC different from a 3 layered architecture? ................................................................ 196
 What is the latest version of MVC? .................................................................................... 197
 What is the difference between each version of MVC? ..................................................... 197
 What are HTML helpers in MVC? ..................................................................................... 198
 Explain the importance of MVC model binders? ............................................................... 199
 What are routing in MVC? ................................................................................................. 200 Where is
the route mapping code written? ......................................................................... 200
 How can we restrict MVC actions to be invoked only by GET or POST? ........................ 201
 How can we maintain session in MVC? ............................................................................. 201 What
is the difference between tempdata , viewdata and viewbag? ................................... 201
 What are partial views in MVC? ........................................................................................ 203
 How can we do validations in MVC? ................................................................................. 204
 Can we display all errors in one go? ................................................................................... 206 What
are the other data annotation attributes for validation in MVC? ............................... 206
 Explain Areas in MVC? ...................................................................................................... 207
 What is razor in MVC? ....................................................................................................... 209
 How can you do authentication and authorization in MVC? .............................................. 213
How to implement windows authentication for MVC? ...................................................... 213
 How do you implement forms authentication in MVC? ..................................................... 213
 How to implement Ajax in MVC? ...................................................................................... 214
 What kind of events can be tracked in AJAX ? .................................................................. 217
 What is the difference between “ActionResult” and “ViewResult”? ................................. 217
What are the different types of results in MVC? ................................................................ 217
 What are “ActionFilters”in MVC? ..................................................................................... 218
 Can we create our custom view engine using MVC? ......................................................... 220
 How to send result back in JSON format in MVC?............................................................ 223
 How to implement “WebAPI” in MVC? ............................................................................ 224
 How can we detect that a MVC controller is called by POST or GET ? ............................ 226
 What is Bundling and minification in MVC? ..................................................................... 227
 So how do we implement bundling in MVC ? ................................................................... 228
 Explain the concept of View Model in MVC ? .................................................................. 230
 Explain the need of display mode in MVC? ....................................................................... 234
 How can we validate using facebook or twitter accounts (MVC OAuth) ? ....................... 234
 How are exceptions thrown in WCF? ................................................................................. 284
 What is the difference between WCF fault exceptions and .NET exceptions? .................. 285
What is the difference between Service endpoint and Client endpoint? ............................ 286
 Can you explain the overall architecture of WPF? ............................................................. 293
What is App.xaml in WPF project? .................................................................................... 294
 Explain routed events in WPF?........................................................................................... 319
 What is the difference between MVVM and 3 layer architecture? .................................... 327
 Explain delegate command? ............................................................................................... 327
 Can you explain Sliver Light architecture? ........................................................................ 332
 Define LINQ? ..................................................................................................................... 343
 How does LINQ help us from the perspective of business objects? ................................... 344
 Can you explain how a basic LINQ Query looks like? ...................................................... 345
 How do we write a LINQ query to search with criteria? .................................................... 345
 How can do a join using LINQ query? ............................................................................... 345
 How can we do a group by using LINQ query? ................................................................. 345
 What are entity classes in LINQ? ....................................................................................... 345
 How can we load the LINQ entity class ?.......................................................................... 346
 How do we define 1 to many and many to 1 relationship in LINQ? .................................. 347
 How can we call a stored procedure using LINQ ? ............................................................ 348
 How can we insert, update and delete using LINQ? ........................................................... 348
 What are DBML files in LINQ? ......................................................................................... 349 What is
Entity framework? ................................................................................................. 349
 What is pluralize and singularize in Entity framework dialog box? ................................... 351
 What is the importance of EDMX file in entity framework? ............................................. 352
 So what is the importance of T4 in Entity framework? ...................................................... 353
 How can we read records using entity framework classes? ................................................ 353
How can we add, update and delete using EF? ................................................................... 354
 What are POCO classes in Entity framework? ................................................................... 356
 How to implement POCO in entity framework? ................................................................ 357
 How can implement code first in entity framework? .......................................................... 359
What is the difference between POCO, code first and simple EF approach? .....................
359
 How can we handle concurrency in Entity framework? ..................................................... 360
 How can we do pessimistic locking in Entity framework?................................................. 361
 What is client wins and store wins mode in entity framework concurrency? ....................
361
 What are scalar and navigation properties in Entity framework? ....................................... 361
 What are complex types in Entity framework?................................................................... 362
 What are design patterns? ....................................................................................................... 365
 What is MVC, MVP and MVVM pattern? ............................................................................. 375
 What is MVC pattern? ............................................................................................................ 375
 How can we implement MVC in ASP.NET? ......................................................................... 376
 What is the difference between MVC, MVP and MVVM and when to use what? ................
377
 What is three-tier architecture? ............................................................................................... 377
 What is Service Oriented architecture?................................................................................... 378
 How can you do validations in Ajax? ..................................................................................... 408 How
do we do exception handling in Ajax? ........................................................................... 409
 Can you explain reporting services architecture? ................................................................... 421
 Can we use events with threading? ......................................................................................... 437
 What is ManualResetEvent and AutoResetEvent? ................................................................. 438
 How do you handle exceptions in workflow?......................................................................... 466
What is the use of XOML files. .............................................................................................. 466
 Why do we need HTML 5 server-sent events? ....................................................................... 531

Medium Priority Questions

 What are generics? ................................................................................................................ 31
 What are different access modifiers? .................................................................................... 33
 What are Httphandlers and HttpModules and difference between them? ............................
35
 Can you explain windows, forms and passport authentication? ........................................... 39
 What are end point, contract, address, and bindings? ........................................................... 41
 How did you do unit testing in your project? ....................................................................... 45
 What is the difference between Reflection and Dynamic? ................................................... 58
Explain the difference between early binding and late binding? .......................................... 59
 Can you explain generics in .NET? ...................................................................................... 69
 Can you explain Lazy Loading? ........................................................................................... 86
 Are there any readymade objects in .NET by which we can implement Lazy loading? ......
89
 What are the advantages / disadvantages of lazy loading? .................................................. 90
 Explain need of NULLABLE types ? ................................................................................ 103
 Can we have different access modifiers on get/set methods of a property? .......................
123 How can you define a property read only for external world and writable in the
same assembly?
 What are Httphandlers and HttpModules? .......................................................................... 140
 What is the difference between Httphandlers and HttpModules? ...................................... 140
 How do we write a Httphandler ? ....................................................................................... 140
 How do we write an HttpModule? ...................................................................................... 141
 What is a SESSION and APPLICATION object? .............................................................. 148
 What is the difference between ‘Server.Transfer’ and ‘response.Redirect’ ? ....................
148 What is the difference between Authentication and authorization? ...................................
148 What is impersonation in ASP.NET? ................................................................................. 149
 What are the various ways of authentication techniques in ASP.NET? ............................. 149
 Can you explain Forms authentication in detail? ................................................................ 149
 How do I sign out in forms authentication? ........................................................................ 150
 How do we implement windows authentication? ............................................................... 151
 How can we kill a user session? ......................................................................................... 160
 How will implement Page Fragment Caching? .................................................................. 172 Can
you compare ASP.NET sessions with classic ASP? ................................................... 172
 Where do you specify session state mode in ASP.NET? .................................................... 173
 What are benefits and limitations of using Cookies? .......................................................... 176
 How is the data binding in Angular ? ..................................................................................... 250
 What are end point, contract, address, and bindings? ......................................................... 273
 What are different bindings supported by WCF? ............................................................... 276
 What is the difference between BasicHttpBinding and WsHttpBinding ? ......................... 276
 Explain the need of binding and commands? ..................................................................... 301
 How does “UpdateSourceTrigger” affect bindings? ........................................................... 305
 Explain multi binding and multivalue converters in WPF? ................................................ 309
 Explain WPF relative binding / relative resource? ............................................................. 312
 What are the different ways of binding using relative source? ........................................... 312
Can you explain self relative source binding in WPF? ....................................................... 312
 Explain Ancestor relative source binding in WPF? ............................................................ 313
 What is the importance of command and bindings in MVVM pattern? ............................. 326
 What are the different kinds of bindings in Silverlight? ..................................................... 337
 Can you explain lazy loading in a detailed manner ? ......................................................... 355
 How can we turn off lazy loading? ..................................................................................... 355
 What is the difference between Unit testing, Assembly testing and Regression
testing? ...... 394
 How do we use XMLHttpRequest object in JavaScript?........................................................ 404
 What is Multi-tasking? ............................................................................................................ 433
 What is Multi-threading? ........................................................................................................ 433
 What is a Thread? ................................................................................................................... 433 Did VB6
support multi-threading? ......................................................................................... 434
 Can we have multiple threads in one App domain? ............................................................... 434
 Can you explain in brief how can we implement threading?.................................................. 434
 What does Address Of operator do in background? ............................................................... 435
How can you reference current thread of the method? ........................................................... 435
what is Thread.Sleep () in threading? ..................................................................................... 436
How can we make a thread sleep for infinite period? ............................................................. 436
 What is Suspend and Resume in Threading? .......................................................................... 436
 What the way to stop a long running thread? ......................................................................... 436
 How do I debug thread? .......................................................................................................... 436
 What is Thread.Join () in threading?....................................................................................... 436
 What are Daemon threads and how can a thread be created as Daemon? ..............................
437
 How is shared data managed in threading?............................................................................. 437
 How can we know a state of a thread? .................................................................................... 437
 What is Reader Writer Locks? ................................................................................................ 438 How
can you avoid deadlock in threading? ............................................................................ 439
 What is TPL (Task parallel library)? ...................................................................................... 439
What is the difference between thread and process? .............................................................. 439
 What are the restrictions of Web Worker thread ? ................................................................. 530
 So how do we create a worker thread in JavaScript?.............................................................. 530
 What is the difference between local storage and cookies? .................................................... 534
 What is session storage and how can you create one? ............................................................ 535
 What is difference between session storage and local storage? ..............................................
535 What is WebSQL? .................................................................................................................. 535

Low Priority Questions

 What role did you play in your project and company? ......................................................... 25
What’s your salary expectation? ........................................................................................... 26
 Why do you want to leave your previous organization?....................................................... 26
 How much do you rate yourself between 1 to 10? ................................................................ 27
 Can you speak about yourself? ............................................................................................. 27
 How can we improve performance of .NET? ....................................................................... 28
 What is the difference between .NET 1.X, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5? .................................. 28
 What is GAC? ....................................................................................................................... 29
 How is abstract class different from aninterface? ................................................................. 32
 How is ASP.NET page life cycle executed? ......................................................................... 35
 What are different kind of validator controls in ASP.NET ? ................................................ 36
 How is ‘Server.Transfer’ different from ‘response.Redirect’ ? ............................................ 36
 So when to use “Server.Transfer” and when to use “Response.Redirect” ? ......................... 37
 What is importance of “preserveForm” flag in “Server.Transfer”? ..................................... 38
 What is difference between Grid view, Data list, and repeater? ........................................... 39
 How can we do caching in ASP.NET? ................................................................................. 40
 What are indexes and what is the difference between clustered and non-
clustered? ........... 40
 How is stored procedure different from functions? .............................................................. 40
 What is WPF and silverlight? ............................................................................................... 42
 What is UML and which are the important diagrams? ......................................................... 44
 What are different phases in a software life cycle? .............................................................. 45
 What is Ajax and how does it help?...................................................................................... 45
 What is Agile?....................................................................................................................... 46
 How did you do code reviews? ............................................................................................. 46
 How did you convert requirements to technical document? ................................................. 46
 How does JIT compilation work? ......................................................................................... 47
 What are different types of JIT? ........................................................................................... 47
 What is Native Image Generator (Ngen.exe)? ...................................................................... 47
 So does it mean that NGEN.EXE will always improve performance?................................. 48
 What is the difference between managed and unmanaged code? ......................................... 48
 So how can we clean unmanaged objects and also maintain performance? .........................
49
 What is the difference between finalize and dispose? .......................................................... 50
 What is CTS? ........................................................................................................................ 51
 What is a CLS (Common Language Specification)? ............................................................ 51
 What is an Assembly? ........................................................................................................... 51
 What are the different types of Assembly? ........................................................................... 51
 What is Namespace? ............................................................................................................. 52
 What is Difference between NameSpace and Assembly? .................................................... 52
What is ILDASM? ................................................................................................................ 52
 What is Manifest? ................................................................................................................. 52
 Where is the version information stored of an assembly? .................................................... 52
 Is versioning applicable to private assemblies? .................................................................... 53
 What is the use of strong names? .......................................................................................... 53
 What is Delay signing? ......................................................................................................... 54
 What is GAC? ....................................................................................................................... 54
 How to add and remove an assembly from GAC? ............................................................... 54
 What are the practical uses of reflection? ............................................................................. 56
 What is the use of Dynamic keyword? ................................................................................. 56
 What are practical uses of Dynamic keyword?..................................................................... 58
 What is the difference between VAR and Dynamic keyword? ............................................ 60
 Explain term type safety and casting in C#? ......................................................................... 60
Explain casting, implicit conversion and explicit conversion? ............................................. 61
What are stack and heap? ...................................................................................................... 62 What
are Value types and Reference types? ......................................................................... 62
 What is concept of Boxing and Unboxing? .......................................................................... 63
 How performance is affected due to boxing and unboxing? ................................................ 63
 How can we avoid boxing and unboxing? ............................................................................ 63
 What is the difference between Convert.toString and .toString () method? .........................
64
 What is the difference between String vs string ?................................................................. 64
 So when both mean the same thing why are they different? ................................................ 65
 So when to use “String” and “string”? .................................................................................. 65
 Can two catch blocks be executed? ...................................................................................... 68
 What are different types of collections in .NET? ................................................................. 68
 What is the difference between arraylist and list? ................................................................ 68
 Are Arraylist faster or Arrays? ............................................................................................. 68
 What are hashtable collections? ............................................................................................ 68
 What are Queues and stack collection? ................................................................................ 69
 Explain generic constraints and when should we use them? ................................................ 70
 Can you explain the concept of generic collection? ............................................................. 71
 What is the difference between dictionary and hashtable? ................................................... 71
What are the generic equivalent for array list,stack, queues and hashtable? ........................
72
 What is the use of IEnumerable, ICollection, Ilist and IDictionary? .................................... 72
 What is code access security (CAS)?.................................................................................... 74
 So how does CAS actually work? ......................................................................................... 74
 Is CAS supported in .NET 4.0? ............................................................................................ 75
 What is sandboxing? ............................................................................................................. 75
 How can we create a windows service using .NET? ............................................................ 76
 What is serialization and deserialization in .NET? ............................................................... 77
 Can you mention some scenarios where we can use serialization? ...................................... 78
When should we use binary serialization as compared to XML serialization? ....................
78
 Can you explain the concept of “Short Circuiting”? ............................................................ 79
 What is the difference between “Typeof” and “GetType” ? ................................................. 80
Will the following c# code compile? .................................................................................... 80
 Explain the use of Icomparable in c#? .................................................................................. 80 What
is difference between Icomparable and IComparer ? .................................................. 84
 So how do we implement “LazyLoading” ? ......................................................................... 88
 What is the difference between “IS” and “AS” keyword ? .................................................. 91
What is the use of “Yield” keyword? ................................................................................... 91
 What is the difference between “==” and .Equals()? ............................................................ 95
 How can we mark a method as deprecated? ......................................................................... 98
 What is the difference between Build Vs Rebuild Vs Clean solution menu ? ................... 100
 What is the difference between i++ vs ++i ? ..................................................................... 101
 When should we use “??” (NULL Coalescing operator) ? ................................................. 103
 What is the benefit of coalescing? ...................................................................................... 103 What
are code contracts? .................................................................................................... 104
 What is Object Oriented Programming? ............................................................................. 105
 What is a Class and object? ................................................................................................ 106 What are
different properties provided by Object-oriented systems? ................................ 106
 How can we implement encapsulation in .NET? ................................................................ 106
 How is inheritance implemented in .NET? ......................................................................... 107
 What is downcasting and upcasting ? ................................................................................. 109
 What is the difference overriding and overloading? ........................................................... 110
 What is operator overloading? ............................................................................................ 110
 What are abstract classes? ................................................................................................... 111
 What are abstract methods? ................................................................................................ 112
 What is an Interface? .......................................................................................................... 112
 What is difference between abstract classes and interfaces? .............................................. 113
An abstract with only abstract method, how is it different from interfaces? ......................
113
 What is shadowing? ............................................................................................................ 117
 What is the difference between Shadowing and Overriding? ............................................. 118
 How can we stop the class from further inheriting? ........................................................... 118
What is the use of “Must inherit” keyword in VB.NET? ................................................... 119
 What are similarities between Class and structure? ............................................................ 119
What is the difference between Class and structure’s? ....................................................... 119
When to use Structures and When to use classes ? ............................................................. 119
What does virtual keyword mean? ...................................................................................... 120
 What are shared (VB.NET)/Static(C#) variables? .............................................................. 120
 What is ENUM and what are the benefits of using it? ....................................................... 120
 What is the use of Flags in ENUM? ................................................................................... 121
 How can we loop through ENUM values? ......................................................................... 122
 What is the use of “ENUM.Parse” method? ....................................................................... 122
 What is nested Classes? ...................................................................................................... 122
 What is an Indexer? ............................................................................................................ 125
 Can we have static indexer in C#? ...................................................................................... 127
 What are the different components in ADO.NET? ............................................................. 127
 What is the namespace in which .NET has the data functionality class? ........................... 128
 When should we use System.Data.SqlClient and System.Data.OleDB ? ........................... 129
 What is the use of command objects? ................................................................................. 130
 What is the use of data adapter? ......................................................................................... 131
 What are basic methods of Data adapter? ........................................................................... 131
 How can we fire a simple SQL Statement using ADO? ..................................................... 132
How do we use stored procedure in ADO.NET and how do we provide parameters to the
stored procedures? .............................................................................................................. 132
 How can we force the connection object to close after my data reader is closed? .............
133
 How can we fine-tune the command object when we are expecting a single row? ............
133
 Can you explain the term concurrency?.............................................................................. 136
 How can we resolve concurrency issue? ............................................................................ 136
 How many ways are there to implement optimistic locking in ADO.NET? ...................... 136
 How can do pessimistic locking? ........................................................................................ 137
 Explain in detail the fundamental of connection pooling? ................................................. 138
 What is Maximum Pool Size in ADO.NET Connection String? ........................................ 139
 How to enable and disable connection pooling?................................................................. 139
 What are the major differences between classic ADO and ADO.NET? ............................ 139
 Can you explain how ASP.NET application life cycle works? .......................................... 143
 What is postback in ASP.NET and what is IsPostBack property? ..................................... 143
 Can you explain “AutoPostBack”? ..................................................................................... 143
 What is the use of @ Register directives? .......................................................................... 144
 What is the use of Smart Navigation property? .................................................................. 144
 What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file?............................................................ 144
 Where is View State information stored? ........................................................................... 145
 How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET?............................................................. 145
 How many types of validation controls are provided by ASP.NET? ................................. 145
 How can we force all the validation control to run? ........................................................... 145
 How can we check if all the validation control are valid and proper? ................................ 145
 How to disable client side script in validators? .................................................................. 146
 How can I show the entire validation error message in a message box on the client side?
146
 How can you enable automatic paging in Data Grid? ........................................................ 147
 What is the use of “GLOBAL.ASAX” file? ....................................................................... 147
 What is the difference between “Web.config” and “Machine.Config”? ............................ 147
 Can we have two “web.config” files in one web application? ........................................... 147
 How can we do single sign on in ASP.NET? ..................................................................... 151
 Can you explain membership and role providers in ASP.Net 2.0? .................................... 151
 Can you explain master pages concept in ASP.NET? ........................................................ 153
 So how do you create master pages? .................................................................................. 154
 What is the concept of Web parts? ..................................................................................... 156
 What are partial classes in ASP.NET ? ............................................................................... 157
 What is the difference between data grid and grid view? ................................................... 158
 What is difference between Grid view, Data list, and repeater? ......................................... 158
From performance point of view, how do they rate? .......................................................... 159
 What is the method to customize columns in Data Grid? ................................................... 159
 How can we format data inside Data Grid? ........................................................................ 159
 How to decide on the design consideration to take a Data grid, data list, or repeater? ......
159
 How do you upload a file in ASP.NET? ............................................................................. 160
 How do I send email message from ASP.NET? ................................................................. 160
 What are different IIS isolation levels? .............................................................................. 160
 What is the use of <%@ page aspcompat=true %> attribute?............................................ 162
 Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code? .................................. 162
 How to use a checkbox in a data grid? ............................................................................... 162
 What is the difference between “Web farms” and “Web garden”? .................................... 162
How do we configure “Web Garden”? ............................................................................... 165
 How do you enable tracing in on an ASP.NET page? ........................................................ 167
 Can you explain the concept of trace listener? ................................................................... 168
 What are trace switches? ..................................................................................................... 169
 What is an application object? ............................................................................................ 170
 What is the use of cache object? ......................................................................................... 170
 What is the difference between Cache object and application object? ............................... 170
 How can get access to cache object? .................................................................................. 170 What
are dependencies in cache and types of dependencies? ............................................ 170
 Can you show a simple code showing file dependency in cache? ...................................... 171
 What is Cache Callback in Cache? ..................................................................................... 171
 What is scavenging? ........................................................................................................... 172
 What are different types of caching using cache object of ASP.NET? .............................. 172
 How can you cache different version of same page using ASP.NET cache object? ..........
172
 What are the other ways you can maintain state? ............................................................... 173
 What are benefits and Limitation of using Hidden fields? ................................................. 174
 How can you use Hidden frames to cache client data ? ...................................................... 175
 What are benefits and limitations of using Hidden frames? ............................................... 176
 What is Query String and what are benefits and limitations of using Query Strings? .......
176
 What is Absolute and Sliding expiration? .......................................................................... 177
 What is cross page posting? ................................................................................................ 177
 Can we post and access view state in another ASP.NET page? ......................................... 178
 What is SQL Cache Dependency in ASP.NET 2.0? ........................................................... 178
 How do we enable SQL Cache Dependency in ASP.NET 2.0? ......................................... 179
 What is Post Cache substitution? ........................................................................................ 184
 Why do we need methods to be static for Post Cache substitution? ................................... 185
 How do we encrypt web.config files in ASP.NET? ........................................................... 186
 How do you send an email using ASP.NET ? .................................................................... 189
 How did you do deployment and setup in ASP.NET ?....................................................... 190
 What is URL routing? ......................................................................................................... 193
 What is the difference between “HTML.TextBox” vs “HTML.TextBoxFor”? ................. 198
 Can we map multiple URL’s to the same action?............................................................... 201
 How can we navigate from one view to other view using hyperlink? ................................ 201
 How did you create partial view and consume the same? .................................................. 203
 How can we enable data annotation validation on client side? .......................................... 207
 Why razor when we already had ASPX? ............................................................................ 209
 So which is a better fit Razor or ASPX?............................................................................. 209
 Explain the difference between layout and master pages ? ................................................ 210
 How to apply layout to Razor views? ................................................................................. 210
 What is “WebAPI”? ............................................................................................................ 224
 How does WCF differ from WEB API ? ............................................................................ 224
 How does bundling increase performance? ........................................................................ 227
 How can you test bundling in debug mode ? ...................................................................... 229
 Explain minification and how to implement the same ? ..................................................... 229
 How to implement minification ? ....................................................................................... 230
 How can we use two ( multiple) models with a single view? ............................................. 231
 What kind of logic view model class will have ? ............................................................... 232
 What is the use of “AllowHTML” and “ValidateInput” attributes? ................................... 232
Explain unobtrusive JavaScript? ......................................................................................... 233
 What is Jquery ? ...................................................................................................................... 237
 So will jquery replace javascript ? .......................................................................................... 237
 So how do we use these reusable jquery libraries? ................................................................. 237
 What is CDN (Content delivery network)? ............................................................................ 237 For
Jquery files which are the popular CDN’s? ...................................................................... 238
 How can we reference local Jquery files if CDN fails? .......................................................... 238
 What is the difference between Jquery.js and Jquery.min.js file? ......................................... 239
 When should we use jquery.js over jquery.min.js ? ............................................................... 240
 What is the use jquery.vsdoc.js ? ............................................................................................ 240
 How does the basic syntax of Jquery looks like? ................................................................... 240
 What is the “$” sign in Jquery ?.............................................................................................. 241
 When should we use Jquery.noConflict()? ............................................................................. 241
 What are the different ways by which you can select a HTML element in JQuery ? ............
242
 What is the use of Document.ready in Jquery ? ...................................................................... 243
 Can we have two document.ready in a webpage? .................................................................. 243
 What is JSON? ........................................................................................................................ 244
 How can you make a JSON call using Jquery ? ..................................................................... 247
 How can we post JSON to Server? ......................................................................................... 248
 How can we post a complete HTML form in JSON format? ................................................. 248
 How can we convert JSON string in to c# object? ................................................................. 249
 What are single page applications (SPA)? .............................................................................. 249
What is Angular JS ?............................................................................................................... 249
 What is the need of ng-model , ng-expression and ng-app in Angular? .................................
250
 What is normalization? ........................................................................................................... 253
 What is denormalization? ................................................................................................... 255
 What are the different types of joins? What is the difference between them? ...................
255
 What is a candidate key?..................................................................................................... 256
 What are indexes and what is the difference between clustered and nonclustered? ...........
256
 How can you increase SQL performance?.......................................................................... 256
 What is DTS? ...................................................................................................................... 257
 What is fill factor ? ............................................................................................................. 257
 What is RAID and how does it work? ................................................................................ 257
 What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE TABLE? .............................. 258
 What are different transaction levels in SQL SERVER?.................................................... 259
 What are the different locks in SQL SERVER? ................................................................. 259
 Can we suggest locking hints to SQL SERVER? ............................................................... 260
 What is LOCK escalation?.................................................................................................. 261
 What are the different ways of moving data between databases in SQL Server? ..............
261
 What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE and a WHERE CLAUSE? ............ 261
 What is the difference between UNION and UNION ALL SQL syntax? .......................... 261
 How can you raise custom errors from stored procedure? ................................................. 261
 What is ACID fundamental? ............................................................................................... 262
 What is DBCC?................................................................................................................... 263
 What is the purpose of Replication? ................................................................................... 264
 What are the different types of replication supported by SQL SERVER? ......................... 264
 What is BCP utility in SQL SERVER? .............................................................................. 265 What are
the different types of triggers in SQl SERVER? ................................................. 265
 What is SQL injection? ....................................................................................................... 266
 What is the difference between Stored Procedure and User Defined Function? ................
266
 What is the Web services, remoting and WCF? ................................................................. 267
 What is an application domain? .......................................................................................... 267 What is
.NET Remoting? .................................................................................................... 267
 What are two different types of remote object creation mode in .NET remoting? .............
268 What are the basic steps to implement remoting? ..............................................................
268
 What are drawbacks of remoting and how can we overcome the same? ............................
270
 What is a Web Service? ...................................................................................................... 270
 What is UDDI? ................................................................................................................... 270
 What is DISCO? ................................................................................................................. 270
 What is WSDL? .................................................................................................................. 271
 What are the steps to create a web service and consume it? ............................................... 271
 How do we secure a web service? ...................................................................................... 271
 What is SOA? ..................................................................................................................... 272
 What are the main components of WCF? ........................................................................... 274
 What is a service contract, operation contract and Data Contract? .................................... 274
 What are the various ways of hosting a WCF service? ...................................................... 275
 How do we host a WCF service in IIS? .............................................................................. 275
 What are the advantages of hosting WCF Services in IIS as compared to self-hosting? ...
275
 Can we overload WCF service methods and functions? .................................................... 277
 What is a one-way operation? ............................................................................................. 277
 How can we host a service on two different protocols on a single server? ........................
278
 How can we integrate with WCF services with MSMQ? ................................................... 278
 How can we do security in WCF services? ........................................................................ 278
 What are the different ways of doing WCF concurrency? ................................................. 280
 What are different ways of doing WCF instancing? ........................................................... 280
What is REST? .................................................................................................................... 281
 How can we make WCF rest enabled? ............................................................................... 281
 Can we call two WCF services in one transaction? ............................................................ 281
 How can we enable debugging and tracing on WCF services? .......................................... 283
 What is WPF? ..................................................................................................................... 287
 What is the need of WPF when we had windows forms? ................................................... 287
 What is XAML in WPF and why do we need it? ............................................................... 288
 What is xmlns in XAML file ? ........................................................................................... 288
 What is the difference between xmlns and xmlns:x in WPF ? ........................................... 289
 When should we use “x:name” vs “name” ? ...................................................................... 290
 What are the different kinds of controls in WPF? .............................................................. 290
 Can you explain the complete WPF object hierarchy? ....................................................... 291
Does that mean WPF has replaced DirectX? ...................................................................... 293
 So is XAML meant only for WPF ? ................................................................................... 293
 What are various ways of doing alignment in WPF? ......................................................... 295
 What are resources in WPF ? .............................................................................................. 298
 Explain the difference between static and dynamic resource? ........................................... 300
 When should we use static resource over dynamic resource ? ........................................... 301
 Explain one way, two way, one time and one way to source? ............................................ 301
 Can you explain WPF command with an example? ........................................................... 303
 Explain the need of “INotifyPropertyChanged” interface? ................................................ 306
 How are WPF observable collections different from simple .NET collections? ................
307
 What are value converters in WPF?.................................................................................... 308
 Explain the difference between visual and logical tree in WPF ? ...................................... 316
 Why do we need to have these perspective of visual and logical tree in WPF ? ................
319
 Explain WPF styles? ........................................................................................................... 320
 What are style triggers? ...................................................................................................... 321
 Explain Multitrigger concept in WPF? ............................................................................... 322
 What is the difference between control templates and data templates?..............................
323
 What is MVVM?................................................................................................................. 325
 What are the benefits of MVVM? ...................................................................................... 326
 What is PRISM? ................................................................................................................. 329
 What are benefits of PRISM? ............................................................................................. 330
 How are individual units combined in to a single unit ? ..................................................... 330
Does PRISM do MVVM? ................................................................................................... 331
 Is PRISM a part of WPF? ................................................................................................... 331
 What is expression blend? .................................................................................................. 331
 What is SilverLight? ........................................................................................................... 331
 Can SilverLight run in other platforms other than window? .............................................. 331
 Can SilverLight run in other platforms other than window? .............................................. 332
 What is the relationship between Silver Light, WPF and XAML? .................................... 332
 What is XAP file in Silverlight? ......................................................................................... 332
 What are the various basic steps to make a simple Silver Light application? ....................
335
 How does Silverlight connect with databases? ................................................................... 338
 What are the 2 important points we noted when we call WCF service from Silverlight? ..
338
 What are the different ways of doing alignment in Silverlight and WPF? ......................... 338
 What is expression blend? .................................................................................................. 340
 So what are benefits of using EF?....................................................................................... 350
 So what are the different ways of creating these domain / entity objects? .........................
350
 Can you explain CSDL, SSDL and MSL section in EDMX file? ...................................... 352
 What are T4 templates? ...................................................................................................... 352
 How can we use stored procedures in entity frame work? ................................................. 356
 What is the difference between “DbContext” and “ObjectContext” ? ............................... 363
 Explain SOLID principles ? .................................................................................................... 365
 Can you explain singleton pattern? ......................................................................................... 370
 Can you explain Façade pattern? ............................................................................................ 371
 What is the difference between DI and IOC ? ....................................................................... 372
 What is MVP? ......................................................................................................................... 376
 What is MVVM?..................................................................................................................... 376
 What are different ways you can pass data between tiers? ..................................................... 379
 What is UML?......................................................................................................................... 380
 How many types of diagrams are there in UML? ................................................................... 380
 What are advantages of using UML?...................................................................................... 381
 How did you implement UML in your project? ..................................................................... 381
What are different phases in a software life cycle? ................................................................ 384
 Can you explain different software development life cycles? ................................................ 385
 What does Agile mean? .......................................................................................................... 386
 What is SCRUM? ................................................................................................................... 388
 What does product owner, product back log and sprint mean in SCRUM? ...........................
388
 Can you explain how SCRUM flows? .................................................................................... 388
 Can you explain different roles in SCRUM? .......................................................................... 390
 When should we choose Agile and when should we choose waterfall? .................................
390
 What are some of the important metrics in project? ............................................................... 391
What is effort variance? .......................................................................................................... 391
 What is CAR (Causal Analysis and Resolution)?................................................................... 391
 What is DAR (Decision Analysis and Resolution)? ............................................................... 391
 What is a fish bone diagram? .................................................................................................. 391
 What is Pareto principle? ........................................................................................................ 392
 What are functional and non-functional requirements? .......................................................... 392
How do you handle change request? ...................................................................................... 393
 What is internal change request? ............................................................................................ 393
 What is difference between SITP and UTP in testing?........................................................... 393
 What is black box testing and White box testing? .................................................................. 393
 What is V model in testing? .................................................................................................... 396
 How do you start a project? .................................................................................................... 397
 How did you do resource allocations? .................................................................................... 397
 How will you do code reviews? .............................................................................................. 397
 What is CMMI? ...................................................................................................................... 398
 What are the five levels in CMMI?......................................................................................... 398
 What is SIX sigma? ................................................................................................................ 400
 What are DMAIC and DMADV? ........................................................................................... 401
 What are the various ways of doing software estimation ? .................................................... 401
 What is function point estimation? ......................................................................................... 402
 How did you estimate by using function points ? ................................................................... 402
 What is the FP per day in your current company? .................................................................. 402
 What is SMC approach of estimation? ................................................................................... 402
 How do you estimate maintenance project and change requests? ..........................................
402
 What problem does Ajax solve? ............................................................................................. 403
 What is Ajax? .......................................................................................................................... 404
 What is the fundamental behind Ajax? ................................................................................... 404
 Can you explain Scriptmanager control in Ajax? ................................................................... 405
 What is the use of update panel inAjax? ................................................................................. 405
 How do we consume web service in Ajax? ............................................................................ 406
 Can you explain the concept of triggers in ‘UpdatePanel’ control? ....................................... 407
 Can you explain the ‘UpdateProgress’ component? ............................................................... 408
 Can we have multiple “ScriptManager” control on a single page ? ....................................... 410
 How do we access crystal reports in .NET? ........................................................................... 411
 What are the various components in crystal reports? ............................................................. 411
 What basic steps are needed to display a simple report in crystal? ........................................
412
 Can crystal reports be published as a web service? ................................................................ 416
 How do we invoke the crystal report web service? ................................................................ 416
 How do we add formulas using crystal reports? ..................................................................... 416
 How do we pass parameters to crystal reports? ...................................................................... 417
 How do we export from crystal reports?................................................................................. 418
 How do we print to printer using crystal? ............................................................................... 419
 How do we generate cross tab reports?................................................................................... 419
 How can we do grouping in crystal?....................................................................................... 420 Can
you explain three-pass reporting which crystal report uses? ........................................... 420
 Can you explain Report definition language (RDL) file in reporting services? .....................
426 What is the basic process of making a report in reporting
services? ...................................... 427
 How can we consume reports in ASP.NET? .......................................................................... 428 Can
you explain the difference between private and shared data sources? ............................ 431
How does reports caching in reporting services work ? ......................................................... 431
 What are the major differences between Crystal and SQL reporting services? .....................
432
 How can we change priority and what the levels of priority are provided by .NET? ............
435
 What is use of Interlocked class ? ........................................................................................... 437
 What is a monitor object? ....................................................................................................... 438
 What are wait handles? ........................................................................................................... 438
 What is XML?......................................................................................................................... 440
 What is the version information in XML? .............................................................................. 440
What is ROOT element in XML? ........................................................................................... 440
 Is XML meant to replace HTML? .......................................................................................... 440 Can
you explain why your project needed XML? .................................................................. 441
 What is DTD (Document Type Definition)? .......................................................................... 441
 What is well formed XML? .................................................................................................... 441
 What is a valid XML? ............................................................................................................. 441
 What is CDATA section in XML? ......................................................................................... 441
 What is XSL? .......................................................................................................................... 441
 What is element and attributes in XML? ................................................................................ 441
 What are the standard ways of parsing XML document? ....................................................... 442
 How was XML handled during COM times? ......................................................................... 445
 What is the main difference between MSML and .NET Framework XML classes? .............
445 What are the core functionalities in XML .NET framework? Can you explain in detail
those
 Define XPATH?...................................................................................................................... 446
 What is the concept of XPOINTER? ...................................................................................... 446
 What is an XMLReader Class? ............................................................................................... 446
 What is XMLTextReader? ...................................................................................................... 446
 How do we access attributes using “XmlReader”? ................................................................. 447
 Explain simple Walk through of XmlReader.......................................................................... 447
 What does XmlValidatingReader class do? ............................................................................ 449
 How can we use COM Components in .NET? ....................................................................... 450
 How can we use .NET components in COM? ........................................................................ 450
How can we make Windows API calls in .NET? ................................................................... 453
 When we use windows API in .NET is it managed or unmanaged code? ..............................
455
 What is COM? ........................................................................................................................ 455
 What is Reference counting in COM? .................................................................................... 455
 Can you describe IUKNOWN interface in short? .................................................................. 455
 Can you explain what DCOM is? ........................................................................................... 455
 How do we create DCOM object in VB6? ............................................................................. 456
 How to implement DTC in .NET? .......................................................................................... 456
 How many types of Transactions are there in COM + .NET? ................................................ 458
 How do you do object pooling in .NET? ................................................................................ 458
 What are types of compatibility in VB6? ............................................................................... 459
 What is equivalent for regsvr32 exe in .NET? ........................................................................ 460
 What is Windows Workflow Foundation? ............................................................................. 460
 What is a Workflow? .............................................................................................................. 460
 What are different types of Workflow in Windows Workflow foundation? ..........................
461 when should we use a sequential workflow and when should we use state
machines? ......... 462
 How do we create workflows using designer? ....................................................................... 463
 How do we specify conditions in Work flow?........................................................................ 464
 How can we pass parameters to workflow? ............................................................................ 468
 What is Multi Targeting in .NET? .......................................................................................... 469
 What are portable class libraries? ........................................................................................... 469
 What is Nuget? ........................................................................................................................ 471
 How can we UNIT test private methods using VSTS ? .......................................................... 473
 Is it good to practice to UNIT test Private methods? .............................................................. 473
 What is Mock testing? ............................................................................................................ 474
 How can we implement Mocking? ......................................................................................... 475
 So are we saying Microsoft does not have mock frameworks? .............................................. 476
 Define code coverage? ............................................................................................................ 476
 What is Cyclomatic complexity and how to measure the same? ............................................ 477
 What is the use of EXTERN keyword and DLLImport attribute? ......................................... 479
 What is the difference between DEBUG and Release? .......................................................... 480
 What is the use of DEBUG directive? .................................................................................... 480
 What does the word scalability, scale-up and scale-out means? ............................................ 481
 Can you write a simple c# code to display Fibonacci series? ................................................. 481
 Can write a logic for bubble sort in c# ? ................................................................................. 483
 What is inserted sort algorithm? ............................................................................................. 485
 How does selection sort algorithm works? ............................................................................. 487
Find if number is even or odd ? .............................................................................................. 489
 What is time out support in regex (regular expression)? ........................................................ 490
 What is the relationship between SGML , HTML , XML and HTML ? ................................ 508
 What is HTML 5? ................................................................................................................... 509
 How is the page structure of HTML 5 different from HTML 4 or previous HTML? ............
510
 What is datalist in HTML 5 ? ................................................................................................. 511
 What are the different new form element types in HTML 5? ................................................. 511
What is output element in HTML 5? ...................................................................................... 514
 What is SVG? ......................................................................................................................... 515
 Can we see a simple example of SVG using HTML 5? ......................................................... 515
 What is canvas in HTML 5? ................................................................................................... 515
 So how can we draw a simple line on Canvas? ...................................................................... 515
 What is the difference between Canvas and SVG graphics? .................................................. 517
 How to draw rectangle using Canvas and SVG using HTML 5 ? .......................................... 517
 What is the use of column layout in CSS? .............................................................................. 524
 Can you explain CSS box model? .......................................................................................... 526
 Can you explain some text effects in CSS 3? ......................................................................... 528
 What are web workers and why do we need them ? ............................................................... 529
 How to terminate a web worker ............................................................................................. 531
 What is local storage concept in HTML 5? ............................................................................ 533
 How can we add and remove data from local storage? .......................................................... 533
 What is the lifetime of local storage? ..................................................................................... 534
 Is WebSQL a part of HTML 5 specification? ......................................................................... 535
 So how can we use WebSQL ? ............................................................................................... 535
 What is application cache in HTML5? ................................................................................... 536
 So how do we implement application cache in HTML 5 ?..................................................... 537
 So how do we refresh the application cache of the browser? ................................................. 537
 What is fallback in Application cache? .................................................................................. 538
 What is network in application cache ? .................................................................................. 538