Author

Tom Booth worked for 10 years as an English-language teacher

in Poland and Russia. He now lives in England, where he works as
an editor and English-language materials writer. He has contributed
to a number of books in the English for Everyone series.

Consultant
Tim Bowen has taught English and trained teachers in more than 30
countries worldwide. He is the co-author of works on pronunciation
teaching and language-teaching methodology, and author of
numerous books for English-language teachers. He is currently a
freelance materials writer, editor, and translator. He is a member
of the Chartered Institute of Linguists.

001-003_Grammar_Practice_Title_pages.indd 2 28/02/19 11:37 AM

 ENGLISH
FO R E V E RYO N E
PR ACTICE BOOK
ENGLISH GRAMMAR GUIDE
conditional

negative verb

comparative

noun

001-003_Grammar_Practice_Title_pages.indd 3 28/02/19 11:37 AM

 How to use this book
This practice book is a companion to the English
for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. Each unit in
Project Editor Ben Ffrancon Davies
Senior Art Editor Amy Child
the book tests the language taught in the English
Illustration Square Egg Grammar Guide unit with the same number.
Jacket Designer Surabhi Wadhwa-Gandhi
Jacket Editor Emma Dawson The present continuous PRESENT PARTICIPLE SPELLING RULES

Jacket Design Development Manager Sophia MTT

The present participle is formed by adding “-ing” to the base form
of the verb. Some participles have slightly different spelling rules.
The present continuous is used to talk about continued See also:
actions that are happening in the present moment. Present simple 1 Action and state verbs 50 Last letter Last letters Last letters are consonant–vowel–consonant
Infinitives and participles 51 is an “-e.” are “-ie.” and the final syllable is stressed.
It is formed with “be” and a present participle.

Producer, Pre-production Robert Dunn

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
The present continuous is This is the present simple. It describes
used to describe a current, a repeated action or situation.
continued action.

The present continuous

Add “-ing” to form Leave out “e.” Change Double the last

Producer Jude Crozier

regular present participles. “-ie” to “y.” letter, unless it’s
FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS “w,” “x,” or “y.”

The present continuous This is the present continuous. It describes

The present continuous is used to talk about continued uses the verb “be.” what is happening right now. TIP
Present participles
actions that are happening in the present moment. FURTHER EXAMPLES follow the same
It is formed with “be” and a present participle. spelling rules

Proofreader Steph Lewis

as gerunds.
HOW TO FORM Don’t double the last letter because
the final syllable is not stressed.
MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT ANSWERS
SUBJECT “AM / IS / ARE” VERB + “-ING” REST OF SENTENCE

Managing Editor Christine Stroyan

Present participle

Managing Art Editor Anna Hall

FURTHER EXAMPLES The subject and the verb
can be contracted.
COMMON MISTAKES STATE VERBS IN CONTINUOUS TENSES

Action verbs can be used in simple and continuous forms.

State verbs are not usually used in continuous forms.

Publisher Andrew Macintyre

ACTION STATE

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

Art Director Karen Self 16 17

Publishing Director Jonathan Metcalf GRAMMAR GUIDE UNIT

16 17

DK India PRACTICE BOOK UNIT

Senior Art Editor Chhaya Sajwan
Senior Editor Arani Sinha
Assistant Art Editors Sonali Mahthan, Vidushi Gupta
Editor Nandini Devdutt Tripathy EXERCISES
Assistant Editors Udit Verma, Andrew Korah The exercises are carefully graded to drill and test the grammar presented
Jacket Designer Priyanka Bansal in the corresponding Grammar Guide unit. Working through these exercises
Jacket Editorial Co-ordinator Priyanka Sharma will help you understand and remember what you have learned.
Managing Jackets Editor Saloni Singh
Senior Managing Art Editor Arunesh Talapatra
Exercise number
Managing Editor Soma B. Chowdhury Exercise instruction A brief
Every exercise has a unique
Pre-production Manager Sunil Sharma number so you can easily instruction tells you what you
Senior DTP Designers Tarun Sharma, Harish Aggarwal find the relevant answers. need to do.
DTP Designer Manish Upreti

First published in Great Britain in 2019

The present continuous FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

by Dorling Kindersley Limited

The present continuous is used to talk about continued
actions that are happening in the present moment. Sample answer
80 Strand, London, WC2R 0RL
It is formed with “be” and a present participle.
The first question
MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT ANSWERS
of each exercise is
Copyright © 2019 Dorling Kindersley Limited answered to make
A Penguin Random House Company the task easier to
understand.
2 4 6 8 10 9 7 5 3 1
001–314180–June/2019

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or
introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form,
or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise), without the
FILL IN THE prior written
GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL
MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT
permission of the copyright owner. Space for writing You are Supporting graphics
encouraged to write your answers Visual cues help you
A CIP catalogue record for this book in the book for future reference. understand the exercises.
is available from the British Library.
ISBN: 978-0-2413-7975-2
Printed in China ANSWERS
An Answers section at the back of the book lists the
All images © Dorling Kindersley Limited correct answers for every exercise. Turn to these
For further information see:
16 www.dkimages.com pages whenever you finish a unit or exercise to see 17

how well you have understood the teaching point.

A WORLD OF IDEAS:
SEE ALL THERE IS TO KNOW

www.dk.com Exercise numbers Look for the

relevant exercise number in the
Answers section to mark your work.

004-007_Contents.indd 4 21/01/19 11:58 AM

 Contents
The future continuous 58

The future perfect 60

The present simple 8 The future in the past 62

The present simple negative 12 Future review 64

Present simple questions 14 The passive 68

The present continuous 16 The passive in the past 71

Present tenses overview 20 The passive in the future 74

Imperatives 24 The passive with modals 76

The past simple 26 Other passive constructions 78

The past simple negative 30 Conditional sentences 80

Past simple questions 32 Other conditional sentences 86

The past continuous 34 Conditional sentences review 88

The present perfect simple 36 Future possibilities 90

The present perfect continuous 40 Wishes and regrets 92

The past perfect simple 42 Forming questions 94

The past perfect continuous 44 Question words 98

“Used to” and “would” 46 Open questions 100

Past tenses review 48 Object and subject questions 102

The future with “going to” 52 Indirect questions 104

The future with “will” 54 Question tags 106

The present for future events 56 Short questions 108

004-007_Contents.indd 5 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Short answers 109 Possibility 152

Questions review 110 Articles 154

Reported speech 112 Articles review 158

Tenses in reported speech 114 “This / that / these / those” 160

Reporting verbs 117 “No / none” 162

Reported speech with negatives 118 “Each / every” 164

Reported questions 119 “Either / neither / both” 166

Reported speech review 122 Singular and plural nouns 168

Types of verbs 124 Countable and uncountable nouns 170

Action and state verbs 126 Subject-verb agreement 172

Infinitives and participles 128 Abstract and concrete nouns 174

Verb patterns 130 Compound nouns 176

Verb patterns with objects 133 Numbers 178

Verb patterns with prepositions 135 Quantity 180

Phrasal verbs 136 Approximate quantity 184

Modal verbs 140 Personal pronouns 186

Ability 142 Reflexive pronouns 188

Permission, requests, and offers 144 Indefinite pronouns 192

Suggestions and advice 146 Possession 194

Obligations 148 Defining relative clauses 198

Making deductions 150 Non-defining relative clauses 200

004-007_Contents.indd 6 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Other relative structures 202 “Enough” and “too” 254

Question words with “-ever” 204 Prepositions 256

“There” 206 Prepositions of place 258

Introductory “it” 209 Prepositions of time 260

Shifting focus 211 Other prepositions 263

Inversion 213 Dependent prepositions 265

Ellipsis 215 Coordinating conjunctions 268

Shortening infinitives 217 Subordinating conjunctions 270

Substitution 220 More linking words 272

Adjectives 222 Linking words review 274

Gradable and non-gradable adjectives 225 Prefixes 276

Comparative adjectives 228 Suffixes 278

Two comparatives together 232 Easily confused phrases 280

“As... as” comparisons 234 Sequencing and organizing 282

Superlative adjectives 236 Correcting and changing the subject 284

Adverbs of manner 240 Deciding and hedging 286

Comparative and superlative adverbs 242 Making conversation 288

Adverbs of degree 244

Adverbs of time 247 Answers 290

Adverbs of frequency 250

“So” and “such” 252

004-007_Contents.indd 7 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 The present simple
The present simple is used to make simple statements
of fact, to talk about things that happen repeatedly,
and to describe things that are always true.

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT SIMPLE

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

008-010_U1_The_present_simple.indd 8 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING “AM,” FILL IN THE GAPS USING
“IS,” OR “ARE” “HAVE” OR “HAS”

008-010_U1_The_present_simple.indd 9 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

10

008-010_U1_The_present_simple.indd 10 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The present simple negative
To make negative sentences using “be” in the present
simple, “not” is added after the verb. For other verbs,
the auxiliary verb “do not” or “does not” is used.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “DO NOT” OR “DOES NOT”

11

011-013_U2_The_present_simple_negative.indd 11 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE EACH SENTENCE IN THE NEGATIVE USING CONTRACTIONS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

12

011-013_U2_The_present_simple_negative.indd 12 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN THE NEGATIVE

13

011-013_U2_The_present_simple_negative.indd 13 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 Present simple questions
Questions in the present simple with “be” are formed by
swapping the verb and subject. For other verbs, the auxiliary
verb “do” or “does” must be added before the subject.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “AM,” FILL IN THE GAPS USING “DO”
“IS,” OR “ARE” OR “DOES”

14

014-015_U3_Present_simple_questions.indd 14 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MARK THE QUESTIONS THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS

15

014-015_U3_Present_simple_questions.indd 15 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The present continuous
The present continuous is used to talk about continued
actions that are happening in the present moment.
It is formed with “be” and a present participle.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT ANSWERS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

16

016-019_U4_The_present_continuous.indd 16 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

17

016-019_U4_The_present_continuous.indd 17 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

18

016-019_U4_The_present_continuous.indd 18 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES REWRITE THE SENTENCES
AS QUESTIONS AS NEGATIVES

19

016-019_U4_The_present_continuous.indd 19 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 Present tenses overview
The present simple and present continuous are used in
different situations. There are different ways to form
questions and negatives with these tenses.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE

PHRASES IN THE PANEL

20

020-023_U5_The_present_overview.indd 20 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT SIMPLE OR

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

21

020-023_U5_The_present_overview.indd 21 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

22

020-023_U5_The_present_overview.indd 22 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

23

020-023_U5_The_present_overview.indd 23 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 Imperatives
Imperatives are used to give commands or to make
requests. They can also be used to give warnings
or directions.

FIND MORE IMPERATIVES IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER

THE HEADING
IMPERATIVES

24

024-025_U6_Imperatives.indd 24 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MATCH THE PICTURES MATCH THE BEGINNINGS
TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES OF THE SENTENCES TO THE
CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

25

024-025_U6_Imperatives.indd 25 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The past simple
The past simple is used to talk about completed
actions that happened at a fixed time in the past.
It is the most commonly used past tense in English.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PAST SIMPLE VERBS IN THE PANEL

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

26

026-029_U7_The_past_simple.indd 26 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

27

026-029_U7_The_past_simple.indd 27 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PAST SIMPLE

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “WAS” OR “WERE”

28

026-029_U7_The_past_simple.indd 28 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING THE PAST SIMPLE

29

026-029_U7_The_past_simple.indd 29 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The past simple negative
The past simple negative is used to talk about
things that did not happen in the past. It is always
formed the same way, unless the main verb is “be.”

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

30

030-031_U8_The_past_simple_negative.indd 30 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER FORM

31

030-031_U8_The_past_simple_negative.indd 31 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 Past simple questions
Questions in the past simple are formed using “did.”
For past simple questions with “be,” the subject and
the verb “was” or “were” are swapped around.

MATCH THE STATEMENTS TO THEIR QUESTION FORMS

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT QUESTIONS

32

032-033_U9_Past_simple_questions.indd 32 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

33

032-033_U9_Past_simple_questions.indd 33 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The past continuous
The past continuous is used in English to talk about actions
or events that were in progress at some time in the past. It is
formed with “was” or “were” and a present participle.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

34

034-035_U10_The_past_continuous.indd 34 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES

35

034-035_U10_The_past_continuous.indd 35 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The present perfect simple
The present perfect simple is used to talk about events
in the recent past that still have an effect on the present
moment. It is formed with “have” and a past participle.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “HAS” OR “HAVE” TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

36

036-039_U11_The_present_perfect_simple.indd 36 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT
PERFECT SIMPLE

FIND EIGHT MORE PAST PARTICIPLES IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM
UNDER THE CORRECT HEADING
REGULAR

IRREGULAR

37

036-039_U11_The_present_perfect_simple.indd 37 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

38

036-039_U11_The_present_perfect_simple.indd 38 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 MARK THE BEST REPLY MARK THE BEST REPLY
TO EACH QUESTION TO EACH QUESTION

39

036-039_U11_The_present_perfect_simple.indd 39 15/01/19 11:53 AM

 The present perfect continuous
The present perfect continuous is used to talk about a
continuing activity in the past that still has an effect on
the present moment. It usually refers to the recent past.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

40

040-041_U12_The_present_perfect_continuous.indd 40 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS

41

040-041_U12_The_present_perfect_continuous.indd 41 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The past perfect simple
English uses the past perfect simple with the past simple
to talk about two or more events that happened at
different times in the past.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

42

042-043_U13_The_past_perfect_simple.indd 42 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PAST SIMPLE OR PAST
PERFECT SIMPLE

43

042-043_U13_The_past_perfect_simple.indd 43 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The past perfect continuous
English uses the past perfect continuous with the past
simple to talk about an activity that was in progress
before another action or event happened.

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

44

044-045_U14_The_past_perfect_continuous.indd 44 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE PAST SIMPLE OR

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

45

044-045_U14_The_past_perfect_continuous.indd 45 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 “Used to” and “would”
When talking about habits or states in the past,
“used to” or “would” are often used. English often
uses these forms to contrast the past with the present.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE

PHRASES IN THE PANEL

46

046-047_U15_Used_to_and_would.indd 46 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

47

046-047_U15_Used_to_and_would.indd 47 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 Past tenses review
There are eight different ways to talk about the past
in English. The differences between the past simple
and the present perfect simple are particularly important.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

48

048-051_U16_Past_tenses_review.indd 48 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

49

048-051_U16_Past_tenses_review.indd 49 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

50

048-051_U16_Past_tenses_review.indd 50 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

51

048-051_U16_Past_tenses_review.indd 51 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The future with “going to”
Future forms in English are formed using auxiliary verbs.
One of the most commonly used constructions is
“going to” plus the base form of the main verb.

MARK WHETHER EACH MATCH THE PICTURES TO

SENTENCE IS A FUTURE PLAN THE CORRECT SENTENCES
OR A PREDICTION

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

Future plan
Prediction

52

052-053_U17_The_future_with_going_to.indd 52 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE FUTURE

WITH “GOING TO”

53

052-053_U17_The_future_with_going_to.indd 53 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The future with “will”
“Will” is used to form some future tenses in English.
It can be used in several different ways, which are all
different from the future with “going to.”

FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE FUTURE WITH “WILL”

54

054-055_U18_The_future_with_will.indd 54 16/01/19 12:24 PM

 MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE IS A PREDICTION, OFFER, PROMISE,
OR DECISION

Prediction Offer Promise Decision

Prediction Offer Promise Decision

Prediction Offer Promise Decision

Prediction Offer Promise Decision

Prediction Offer Promise Decision

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

55

054-055_U18_The_future_with_will.indd 55 18/01/19 10:59 AM

 The present for future events
The present simple and present continuous can be used
to talk about future events that are already planned. They
are usually used with a future time word or time phrase.

MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE REFERS TO THE PRESENT OR FUTURE

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

Present Future

56

056-057_U19_The_present_for_future_events.indd 56 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

57

056-057_U19_The_present_for_future_events.indd 57 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The future continuous
The future continuous can be formed using “will” or
“going to.” It describes an event or situation that will
be in progress at some point in the future.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

58

058-059_U20_The_future_continuous.indd 58 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE IS A NEUTRAL QUESTION
OR A REQUEST

Neutral question Request

Neutral question Request

Neutral question Request Neutral question Request

Neutral question Request Neutral question Request

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

59

058-059_U20_The_future_continuous.indd 59 18/01/19 11:10 AM

 The future perfect
The future perfect is used to talk about an event that will
overlap with, or finish before, another event in the
future. It can be used in simple or continuous forms.

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE FUTURE PERFECT OR

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

60

060-061_U21_The_future_perfect.indd 60 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

61

060-061_U21_The_future_perfect.indd 61 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The future in the past
There are a number of constructions in English that
can be used to describe thoughts about the future
that someone had at some point in the past.

MATCH THE FUTURE SENTENCES TO THE EQUIVALENT SENTENCES THAT

USE THE FUTURE IN THE PAST

62

062-063_U22_The_future_in_the_past.indd 62 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING THE FUTURE IN THE PAST

63

062-063_U22_The_future_in_the_past.indd 63 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 Future review
English uses different constructions to talk about the
future. These are mostly formed with the auxiliary
verb “will” or a form of “be” with “going to.”

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

64

064-067_U23_Future_review.indd 64 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

65

064-067_U23_Future_review.indd 65 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

66

064-067_U23_Future_review.indd 66 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

67

064-067_U23_Future_review.indd 67 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The passive
In most sentences, the subject carries out an action and the
object receives it, or the result of it. In passive sentences,
this is reversed: the subject receives the action.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING

THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

68

068-070_U24_The_passive.indd 68 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE ACTIVE SENTENCES TO THE EQUIVALENT
PASSIVE SENTENCES

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

69

068-070_U24_The_passive.indd 69 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS INTO THE PRESENT SIMPLE
OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS PASSIVE

70

068-070_U24_The_passive.indd 70 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The passive in the past
English uses the passive voice in the past to
stress the effect of an action that happened
in the past, rather than the cause of that action.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

71

071-073_U25_The_passive_in_the_past.indd 71 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

72

071-073_U25_The_passive_in_the_past.indd 72 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING THE PASSIVE IN THE PAST

73

071-073_U25_The_passive_in_the_past.indd 73 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The passive in the future
English uses the passive voice in the future to stress
the effect of an action that will happen in the
future, rather than the cause of that action.

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE FUTURE

SIMPLE PASSIVE

74

074-075_U26_The_passive_in_the_future.indd 74 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE FUTURE

PERFECT PASSIVE

75

074-075_U26_The_passive_in_the_future.indd 75 14/01/19 3:12 PM

 The passive with modals
Modal verbs in English can be used in passive forms.
As with other passive constructions, the emphasis
changes to the object that receives the action.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

76

076-077_U27_The_passive_with_modals.indd 76 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

77

076-077_U27_The_passive_with_modals.indd 77 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Other passive constructions
Many idioms in English use passive forms.
Some idioms use standard rules for passive
forms, while others are slightly different.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

78

078-079_U28_Other_passive_constructions.indd 78 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

79

078-079_U28_Other_passive_constructions.indd 79 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Conditional sentences
Conditional sentences are used to describe real or
hypothetical results of real or hypothetical situations.
They can use many different verb forms.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

80

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 80 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

81

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 81 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

82

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 82 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE VERBS IN THE THIRD CONDITIONAL

83

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 83 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

84

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 84 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

85

080-085_U29_Conditional_sentences.indd 85 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Other conditional sentences
English allows for some variations in conditional
sentence structures. These give more information
about the context of the conditional.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE

PHRASES IN THE PANEL

86

086-087_U30_Other_conditional_sentences.indd 86 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE THIRD CONDITIONAL SENTENCES USING

FORMAL INVERSION

87

086-087_U30_Other_conditional_sentences.indd 87 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Conditional sentences review
There are four types of conditional sentences. The zero
conditional refers to real situations, but the first, second,
and third conditionals all refer to hypothetical situations.

MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE USES THE ZERO, FIRST, SECOND,

OR THIRD CONDITIONAL

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

Zero First Second Third

88

088-089_U31_Conditional_sentences_review.indd 88 18/01/19 12:02 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES ADDING COMMAS WHERE NECESSARY

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

89

088-089_U31_Conditional_sentences_review.indd 89 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Future possibilities
There are many ways to talk about imaginary
future situations. Different structures can be used
to indicate whether a situation is likely or unlikely.

MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE IS LIKELY, UNLIKELY, OR

DIDN’T HAPPEN

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

Likely Unlikely Didn’t happen

90

090-091_U32_Future_possibilities.indd 90 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE SENTENCES TOGETHER

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

91

090-091_U32_Future_possibilities.indd 91 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Wishes and regrets
English uses the verb “wish” to talk about present and
past regrets. The tense of the verb that follows “wish”
affects the meaning of the sentence.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

92

092-093_U33_Wishes_and_regrets.indd 92 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK WHETHER EACH SENTENCE COULD STILL HAPPEN
OR CAN NO LONGER HAPPEN

Could still happen Can no longer happen

Could still happen Can no longer happen

Could still happen Can no longer happen

Could still happen Can no longer happen

Could still happen Can no longer happen

Could still happen Can no longer happen

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

93

092-093_U33_Wishes_and_regrets.indd 93 18/01/19 12:09 PM

 Forming questions
If a statement uses “be” or an auxiliary verb, its question
form is made by inverting that verb and the subject.
Any other question is formed by adding “do” or “does.”

MATCH THE STATEMENTS MATCH THE STATEMENTS

TO THE CORRECT QUESTIONS TO THE CORRECT QUESTIONS

94

094-096_U34_Forming_questions.indd 94 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT
ARE CORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

95

094-096_U34_Forming_questions.indd 95 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

REWRITE THE SENTENCES AS QUESTIONS

96

094-096_U34_Forming_questions.indd 96 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Question words
Open questions are questions that do not have
simple “yes” or “no” answers. In English, they
are formed by using question words.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT PUT THE WORDS IN THE

WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE CORRECT ORDER

97

097-099_U35_Question_words.indd 97 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

98

097-099_U35_Question_words.indd 98 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE MOST LIKELY QUESTION IN EACH CONVERSATION

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE QUESTIONS TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

99

097-099_U35_Question_words.indd 99 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Open questions
Open questions can’t be answered with “yes”
or “no.” They are formed differently depending
on the main verb of the question.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS USING THE

PHRASES IN THE PANEL

100

100-101_U36_Open_questions.indd 100 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE QUESTIONS REWRITE THE QUESTIONS,
THAT ARE CORRECT CORRECTING THE ERRORS

101

100-101_U36_Open_questions.indd 101 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Object and subject questions
There are two kinds of question: object questions
and subject questions. They are formed in different
ways and are used to ask about different things.

MATCH THE QUESTIONS TO MARK THE CORRECT OPTION

THE CORRECT ANSWERS FOR EACH QUESTION

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

Subject question
Object question

102

102-103_U37_Object_and_subject_questions.indd 102 18/01/19 12:15 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

103

102-103_U37_Object_and_subject_questions.indd 103 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Indirect questions
Indirect questions are more polite than direct questions.
They are very common in formal spoken English,
particularly when asking for information.

FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

104

104-105_U38_Indirect_questions.indd 104 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

105

104-105_U38_Indirect_questions.indd 105 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Question tags
In spoken English, small questions are often added to
the ends of sentences. These are called question tags,
and they are most often used to invite someone to agree.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT

QUESTION TAGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE QUESTION TAGS IN THE PANEL

106

106-107_U39_Question_tags.indd 106 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 ADD QUESTION TAGS TO THESE SENTENCES

107

106-107_U39_Question_tags.indd 107 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Short questions
Short questions are a way of showing interest during
conversation. They’re used to keep conversation going,
rather than to ask for new information.

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

108

108_U40_Short_questions.indd 108 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Short answers
When answering closed questions in English, some words
can often be left out to make responses shorter. These
short answers are often used in spoken English.

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

109

109_U41_Short_answers.indd 109 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Questions review
Questions in English are formed in different ways
depending on the main verb. Open and closed questions
are formed differently, and spoken with different intonation.

REWRITE THE STATEMENTS AS QUESTIONS

110

110-111_U42_Question_review.indd 110 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 WRITE THE QUESTIONS FROM THE PANEL UNDER THE
CORRECT HEADING
SUBJECT QUESTIONS OBJECT QUESTIONS

MARK WHETHER EACH QUESTION IS AN OPEN QUESTION

OR A CLOSED QUESTION

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

Open question Closed question

111

110-111_U42_Question_review.indd 111 18/01/19 12:25 PM

 Reported speech
The words that people say are called direct speech.
Reported speech is often used to describe what
someone said at an earlier point in time.

MATCH THE DIRECT SPEECH SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT

REPORTED SPEECH

112

112-113_U43_Reported_speech.indd 112 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING REPORTED SPEECH, PUTTING

THE VERBS IN THE PAST SIMPLE

113

112-113_U43_Reported_speech.indd 113 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Tenses in reported speech
In reported speech, the reported verb usually
“goes back” a tense. Time and place references
and pronouns sometimes also change.

MARK THE BEST REPORTED SPEECH EQUIVALENT TO EACH

DIRECT SPEECH SENTENCE

114

114-116_U44_Tenses_in_reported_speech.indd 114 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

115

114-116_U44_Tenses_in_reported_speech.indd 115 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE DIRECT SPEECH SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT
REPORTED SPEECH

116

114-116_U44_Tenses_in_reported_speech.indd 116 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Reporting verbs
In reported speech, “said” can be replaced
with a wide variety of verbs that give people more
information about how someone said something.

FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

117

117_U45_Reporting_verbs.indd 117 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Reported speech with negatives
Negatives in reported speech are formed in the same
way as negatives in direct speech. “Not” is used with the
auxiliary, or with the main verb if there is no auxiliary.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

118

118_U46_Reported_speech_with_negatives.indd 118 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Reported questions
Reported questions are used to describe questions
that someone has asked. Direct questions and
reported questions use different word orders.

MATCH THE PICTURES REWRITE THE SENTENCES,

TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES CORRECTING THE ERRORS

119

119-121_U47_Reported_questions.indd 119 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

120

119-121_U47_Reported_questions.indd 120 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES USING REPORTED SPEECH, PUTTING
THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES

121

119-121_U47_Reported_questions.indd 121 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Reported speech review
When forming reported speech from direct speech,
some words change in order to keep the meaning
consistent. Other words stay the same.

MATCH THE DIRECT SPEECH SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT

REPORTED SPEECH

122

122-123_U48_Reported_speech_review.indd 122 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

123

122-123_U48_Reported_speech_review.indd 123 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Types of verbs
Verbs can be described as main verbs or auxiliary verbs.
Main verbs describe actions, occurrences, or states of being.
Auxiliary verbs modify the meaning of main verbs.

MARK WHETHER EACH VERB IS MAIN OR AUXILIARY

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

Main Auxiliary

124

124-125_U49_Types_of_verbs.indd 124 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE VERBS IN THE PANEL

FIND SIX MORE VERBS IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER THE
CORRECT HEADING
TRANSITIVE

INTRANSITIVE

125

124-125_U49_Types_of_verbs.indd 125 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Action and state verbs
Verbs that describe actions or events are known
as “action” or “dynamic” verbs, whereas those that
describe states are known as “state” or “stative” verbs.

MARK WHETHER EACH VERB REWRITE THE SENTENCES,

IS AN ACTION OR STATE VERB CORRECTING THE ERRORS

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

Action
State

126

126-127_U50_Action_and_state_verbs.indd 126 18/01/19 12:34 PM

 WRITE THE VERBS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

ACTION VERBS STATE VERBS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

127

126-127_U50_Action_and_state_verbs.indd 127 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Infinitives and participles
Infinitives and participles are forms of verbs that
are rarely used on their own, but are important
when making other forms or constructions.

WRITE EACH VERB IN ITS OTHER FORMS

BASE FORM PRESENT PARTICIPLE PAST PARTICIPLE

128

128-129_U51_Infinitives_and_participles.indd 128 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PARTICIPLES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

129

128-129_U51_Infinitives_and_participles.indd 129 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Verb patterns
Some verbs in English can only go with a gerund or an
infinitive. Some verbs can go with either. These verbs
often describe wishes, plans, or feelings.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING

THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

130

130-132_U52_Verb_patterns.indd 130 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

131

130-132_U52_Verb_patterns.indd 131 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE CORRESPONDING SENTENCES

132

130-132_U52_Verb_patterns.indd 132 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Verb patterns with objects
Some verbs, known as transitive verbs, have objects. When
these verbs are followed by infinitives or gerunds, the object
must come between the verb and the infinitive or gerund.

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

133

133-134_U53_Verb_patterns_with_objects.indd 133 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

134

133-134_U53_Verb_patterns_with_objects.indd 134 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Verb patterns with prepositions
Some verb patterns include prepositions.
Prepositions cannot be followed by infinitives,
so these verb patterns only use gerunds.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PREPOSITIONS IN THE PANEL

135

135_U54_Verb_patterns_with_prepositions.indd 135 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Phrasal verbs
Some verbs in English have two or more words in
them, and usually have a new meaning when they
are used together. These are called phrasal verbs.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

136

136-139_U55_Phrasal_verbs.indd 136 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES REWRITE THE SENTENCES,
THAT ARE CORRECT CORRECTING THE ERRORS

137

136-139_U55_Phrasal_verbs.indd 137 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

138

136-139_U55_Phrasal_verbs.indd 138 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 WRITE THE PHRASAL VERBS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

SEPARABLE INSEPARABLE

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

139

136-139_U55_Phrasal_verbs.indd 139 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Modal verbs
Modal verbs are very common in English. They are
used to talk about a variety of things, particularly
possibilities, obligations, and deductions.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

140

140-141_U56_Modal_verbs.indd 140 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES REWRITE THE SENTENCES

AS QUESTIONS USING THE NEGATIVE

141

140-141_U56_Modal_verbs.indd 141 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Ability
“Can” is a modal verb that describes what
someone is able to do. It is used in different
forms to describe past and present abilities.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO REWRITE THE SENTENCES

THE CORRECT SENTENCES IN THE CORRECT ORDER

142

142-143_U57_Ability.indd 142 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MATCH THE PRESENT SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT FUTURE SENTENCES

143

142-143_U57_Ability.indd 143 14/01/19 5:21 PM

 Permission, requests, and offers
“Can,” “could,” and “may” are used to ask permission to
do something or to ask someone to do something for
you. They can also be used to offer to help someone.

MARK WHETHER MARK WHETHER EACH

EACH SENTENCE IS FORMAL SENTENCE IS A REQUEST OR
OR INFORMAL AN OFFER

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

Formal Request
Informal Offer

144

144-145_U58_Permission_requests_and_offers.indd 144 18/01/19 2:28 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

145

144-145_U58_Permission_requests_and_offers.indd 145 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Suggestions and advice
The modal verb “could” can be used to
offer suggestions. “Could” is not as strong
as “should.” It communicates gentle advice.

MATCH THE SITUATIONS TO THE CORRECT ADVICE

146

146-147_U59_Suggestions_and_advice.indd 146 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE ADVICE USING “HAD BETTER” OR “HAD BETTER NOT”

MARK THE BEST ADVICE TO EACH SITUATION

147

146-147_U59_Suggestions_and_advice.indd 147 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Obligations
In English, “have to” or “must” are used when talking
about obligations or things that are necessary.
They are often used to give important instructions.

MATCH THE SITUATIONS TO THE CORRECT OBLIGATIONS

148

148-149_U60_Obligations.indd 148 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING “MUST NOT” OR “DON’T HAVE TO”

REWRITE THE SENTENCES REWRITE THE SENTENCES

IN THE FUTURE IN THE PAST

149

148-149_U60_Obligations.indd 149 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Making deductions
Modal verbs can also be used to talk about how likely or
unlikely something is. They can be used to guess and make
deductions about what has happened or is happening now.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

150

150-151_U61_Making_deductions.indd 150 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

MATCH THE CORRESPONDING SENTENCES TOGETHER

151

150-151_U61_Making_deductions.indd 151 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Possibility
Modal verbs can be used to talk about possibility,
or to express uncertainty. “Might” is the most
common modal verb used for this purpose.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING

THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

152

152-153_U62_Possibility.indd 152 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

153

152-153_U62_Possibility.indd 153 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Articles
Articles are short words which come before nouns to show
whether they refer to a general or a specific object. There
are several rules telling which article, if any, should be used.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

154

154-157_U63_Articles.indd 154 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES REWRITE THE SENTENCES
USING PLURALS CORRECTING THE ERRORS

155

154-157_U63_Articles.indd 155 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

156

154-157_U63_Articles.indd 156 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

157

154-157_U63_Articles.indd 157 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Articles review
The definite and indefinite articles are used in different
situations, and this can depend on whether they are
being used with a singular, plural, or uncountable noun.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

158

158-159_U64_Articles_review.indd 158 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE CORRECT ARTICLES, LEAVING A BLANK
FOR THE ZERO ARTICLE

159

158-159_U64_Articles_review.indd 159 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 “This / that / these / those”
“This,” “that,” “these,” and “those” can be used as determiners
before a noun to specify which noun is being talked about. They
can also be used as pronouns to replace a noun in a sentence.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

160

160-161_U65_This_that_these_those.indd 160 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

161

160-161_U65_This_that_these_those.indd 161 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 “No / none”
“No” and “none” both show the absence or lack
of something. “No” is always used with a noun,
whereas “none” replaces a noun in a sentence.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

162

162-163_U66_No_None.indd 162 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER FORM

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

163

162-163_U66_No_None.indd 163 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 “Each / every”
“Each” and “every” are words that go before
singular nouns to refer to all members of a
group of people or things.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

164

164-165_U67_Each_every.indd 164 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

165

164-165_U67_Each_every.indd 165 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 “Either / neither / both”
“Either,” “neither,” and “both” are used in situations where
two options are being described. They indicate that one,
two, or none of the options are possible.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

166

166-167_U68_Either_neither_both.indd 166 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

167

166-167_U68_Either_neither_both.indd 167 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Singular and plural nouns
Nouns in English do not have a gender. They change
form depending on whether they are singular, meaning
there is one, or plural, meaning there is more than one.

MARK THE NOUN FROM EACH SENTENCE

FIND SIX MORE NOUNS IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER
THE CORRECT HEADING
COMMON NOUNS

PROPER NOUNS

168

168-169_U69_Singular_and_plural_nouns.indd 168 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT NOUNS IN EACH SENTENCE

WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER FORM

169

168-169_U69_Singular_and_plural_nouns.indd 169 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Countable and
uncountable nouns
In English, nouns can be countable or uncountable.
Countable nouns can be individually counted. Objects
that aren’t counted are uncountable.

WRITE THE NOUNS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

170

170-171_U70_Countable_and_uncountable_nouns.indd 170 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 WRITE EACH SENTENCE IN ITS OTHER FORM

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

171

170-171_U70_Countable_and_uncountable_nouns.indd 171 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Subject-verb agreement
One of the basic principles of English is that subjects and
verbs must agree in number. Some subjects, however, can
act like singular or plural nouns depending on the context.

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE

PHRASES IN THE PANEL

172

172-173_U71_Subject_verb_agreement.indd 172 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

173

172-173_U71_Subject_verb_agreement.indd 173 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Abstract and concrete nouns
Most abstract nouns are uncountable. Some, however,
can be either countable or uncountable, and the two
forms often mean slightly different things.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FIND SIX MORE NOUNS IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER
THE CORRECT HEADING
CONCRETE NOUNS

ABSTRACT NOUNS

174

174-175_U72_Abstract_and_concrete_nouns.indd 174 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

175

174-175_U72_Abstract_and_concrete_nouns.indd 175 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Compound nouns
Compound nouns are two or more nouns that
act as a single unit. The first noun(s) modifies
the last, in a similar way to an adjective.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

176

176-177_U73_Compound_nouns.indd 176 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

177

176-177_U73_Compound_nouns.indd 177 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Numbers
Cardinal numbers are used for counting and saying how
many of something there are. Ordinal numbers give the
position of something in an ordered list.

MARK WHETHER EACH WRITE EACH NUMBER IN

NUMBER IS CARDINAL OR ORDINAL ITS OTHER FORM

Cardinal Cardinal
Ordinal Ordinal

Cardinal Cardinal
Ordinal Ordinal

Cardinal Cardinal
Ordinal Ordinal

Cardinal Cardinal
Ordinal Ordinal

MATCH THE FIGURES TO THE CORRECT TEXT

178

178-179_U74_Numbers.indd 178 18/01/19 12:52 PM

 MATCH THE FRACTIONS, DECIMALS, AND PERCENTAGES TO
THE CORRECT TEXT

179

178-179_U74_Numbers.indd 179 18/01/19 12:52 PM

 Quantity
In English there are many ways to express general
or specific quantities, say whether quantities
are adequate, and compare different quantities.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

180

180-183_U75_Quantity.indd 180 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

181

180-183_U75_Quantity.indd 181 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING “FEWER” OR “LESS”

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

182

180-183_U75_Quantity.indd 182 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

183

180-183_U75_Quantity.indd 183 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Approximate quantity
If specific figures are known, it can be useful to give
them. However, more general terms may be needed
if figures are not known or to avoid repetition.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT INSTRUCTIONS

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

184

184-185_U76_Approximate_quantity.indd 184 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

185

184-185_U76_Approximate_quantity.indd 185 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Personal pronouns
Personal pronouns are used to replace nouns in a sentence.
They can refer to people or things and have different forms
depending on whether they are a subject or an object.

WRITE EACH PRONOUN IN MARK THE SENTENCES THAT

ITS OTHER FORM ARE CORRECT
SUBJECT OBJECT

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

186

186-187_U77_Personal_pronouns.indd 186 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE CORRESPONDING SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, REPLACING THE HIGHLIGHTED WORDS

WITH THE CORRECT PRONOUNS

187

186-187_U77_Personal_pronouns.indd 187 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Reflexive pronouns
Reflexive pronouns show that the subject of
a verb is the same as its object. They can also
be used in other situations to add emphasis.

WRITE EACH PRONOUN IN ITS OTHER FORM

OBJECT REFLEXIVE

(singular)

(plural)

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PRONOUNS IN THE PANEL

188

188-191_U78_Reflexive_pronouns.indd 188 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

189

188-191_U78_Reflexive_pronouns.indd 189 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

MATCH THE CORRESPONDING SENTENCES

190

188-191_U78_Reflexive_pronouns.indd 190 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS, LEAVING A BLANK
IF ONE IS NOT NEEDED

191

188-191_U78_Reflexive_pronouns.indd 191 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Indefinite pronouns
Indefinite pronouns, such as “anyone,” “someone,” and
“everyone,” are used to refer to a person or object, or a group
of people or objects, without explaining who or what they are.

MATCH THE QUESTIONS TO THE CORRECT RESPONSES

192

192-193_U79_Indefinite_pronouns.indd 192 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

193

192-193_U79_Indefinite_pronouns.indd 193 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Possession
Possessive determiners, possessive pronouns,
apostrophe with “s,” and the verbs “have” and
“have got” are all used to express possession in English.

WRITE EACH WORD IN ITS OTHER FORMS

SUBJECT PRONOUN POSSESSIVE DETERMINER POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

194

194-197_U80_Possession.indd 194 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN
THE CORRECT ORDER

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

195

194-197_U80_Possession.indd 195 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE PHRASES MARK THE SENTENCES THAT
USING THE POSSESSIVE “S” ARE CORRECT

196

194-197_U80_Possession.indd 196 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO
THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH QUESTION

197

194-197_U80_Possession.indd 197 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Defining relative clauses
A relative clause is a part of a sentence that gives more
information about the subject. A defining, or restrictive,
relative clause identifies the subject being talked about.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

198

198-199_U81_Defining_relative_clauses.indd 198 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

199

198-199_U81_Defining_relative_clauses.indd 199 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Non-defining relative clauses
Like defining relative clauses, non-defining relative clauses
add extra information about something. However, this simply
gives extra detail, rather than changing the sentence’s meaning.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

200

200-201_U82_Non_defining_relative_clauses.indd 200 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, ADDING COMMAS WHERE NECESSARY

MARK WHETHER EACH RELATIVE CLAUSE IS DEFINING

OR NON-DEFINING

Defining Non-defining

Defining Non-defining

Defining Non-defining

Defining Non-defining

Defining Non-defining

201

200-201_U82_Non_defining_relative_clauses.indd 201 18/01/19 2:14 PM

 Other relative structures
Relative words introduce phrases that describe a noun
in the main part of the sentence. Different relative
words are used to refer to different types of nouns.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE RELATIVE WORDS IN THE PANEL

202

202-203_U83_Other_relative_structures.indd 202 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

203

202-203_U83_Other_relative_structures.indd 203 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Question words with “-ever”
Adding “-ever” to question words changes their meaning.
These words can be adverbs or determiners in their
own clauses, or they can join two clauses together.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

204

204-205_U84_Question_words_with_ever.indd 204 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING
THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

205

204-205_U84_Question_words_with_ever.indd 205 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 “There”
“There” can be used with a form of “be” to talk about the
existence or presence of a person or thing. Sentences
with “there” can be used in many different tenses.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO REWRITE THE SENTENCES,

THE CORRECT SENTENCES CORRECTING THE ERRORS

206

206-208_U85_There.indd 206 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

207

206-208_U85_There.indd 207 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

208

206-208_U85_There.indd 208 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Introductory “it”
“It” is often used when a sentence has no
clear subject and is sometimes known
as a dummy subject or empty subject.

MARK THE BEST REPLY MARK WHAT “IT” REFERS

TO EACH QUESTION TO IN EACH SENTENCE

Time
Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather

Time
Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather

Time
Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather

Time
Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather

Time
Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather

209

209-210_U86_Introductory_it.indd 209 18/01/19 2:17 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING “THAT” OR “TO”

210

209-210_U86_Introductory_it.indd 210 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Shifting focus
“It” clauses, “what” clauses, or moving a noun
to the front of a sentence can all be used to
put emphasis on a certain word or phrase.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

211

211-212_U87_Shifting_focus.indd 211 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

212

211-212_U87_Shifting_focus.indd 212 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Inversion
Reversing the normal order of words, or inversion,
can be used for emphasis or a sense of drama.
It is common after certain types of adverbials.

MATCH THE CORRESPONDING SENTENCES

213

213-214_U88_Inversion.indd 213 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

214

213-214_U88_Inversion.indd 214 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Ellipsis
Some words can be left out of a sentence to avoid
repetition or when the meaning can be understood
without them. This is called ellipsis.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS MARK THE BEST REPLY TO

OF THE SENTENCES TO THE EACH QUESTION
CORRECT ENDINGS

215

215-216_U89_Ellipsis.indd 215 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, LEAVING OUT THE UNNECESSARY WORDS

216

215-216_U89_Ellipsis.indd 216 17/01/19 9:45 AM

 Shortening infinitives
Phrases with infinitives can sometimes be
reduced or shortened to prevent repetition.
This helps language to sound more natural.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

217

217-219_U90_Shortening_infinitives.indd 217 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

218

217-219_U90_Shortening_infinitives.indd 218 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

CROSS OUT THE UNNECESSARY WORDS

219

217-219_U90_Shortening_infinitives.indd 219 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Substitution
As well as ellipsis (leaving words out), repetition
can be avoided by replacing some phrases
with shorter ones. This is called substitution.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

220

220-221_U91_Substitution.indd 220 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE PICTURES TO MARK THE BEST REPLY TO
THE CORRECT SENTENCES EACH STATEMENT

221

220-221_U91_Substitution.indd 221 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe nouns. In English,
they usually come before the noun that they are
describing. There are several categories of adjective.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

WRITE THE ADJECTIVES FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

SIZE SHAPE AGE

COLOR NATIONALITY MATERIAL

222

222-224_U92_Adjectives.indd 222 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FIND SIX MORE ADJECTIVES IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER
THE CORRECT HEADING
GENERAL OPINION

SPECIFIC OPINION

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

223

222-224_U92_Adjectives.indd 223 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS, PUTTING THE ADJECTIVES IN THE CORRECT ORDER

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT ADJECTIVE IN EACH SENTENCE

224

222-224_U92_Adjectives.indd 224 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Gradable and
non-gradable adjectives
Gradable adjectives can be made weaker or stronger
by adverbs, whereas non-gradable adjectives describe
absolute qualities that cannot usually be graded.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO MARK WHETHER EACH

THE CORRECT SENTENCES ADJECTIVE IS EXTREME,
ABSOLUTE, OR CLASSIFYING

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying

225

225-227_U93_Gradable_and_non_gradable_adjectives.indd 225 18/01/19 12:36 PM

 FIND SIX MORE ADJECTIVES IN THE GRID AND WRITE THEM UNDER
THE CORRECT HEADING
GRADABLE

NON-GRADABLE

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

226

225-227_U93_Gradable_and_non_gradable_adjectives.indd 226 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE ADJECTIVES IN THE PANEL

227

225-227_U93_Gradable_and_non_gradable_adjectives.indd 227 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Comparative adjectives
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things.
They can either be formed by adding the suffix “-er,”
or by putting “more” or “less” before the adjective.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO WRITE THE ADJECTIVES IN

THE CORRECT SENTENCES THEIR COMPARATIVE FORM

228

228-231_U94_Comparative_adjectives.indd 228 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE COMPARATIVES

INTO THEIR OTHER FORMS

229

228-231_U94_Comparative_adjectives.indd 229 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

230

228-231_U94_Comparative_adjectives.indd 230 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING
THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

231

228-231_U94_Comparative_adjectives.indd 231 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Two comparatives together
Two comparatives can be used together in a
sentence to show the effect of an action. They
are also used to show that something is changing.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE COMPARATIVES IN THE PANEL

232

232-233_U95_Two_comparatives_together.indd 232 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 CROSS OUT THE UNNECESSARY WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

233

232-233_U95_Two_comparatives_together.indd 233 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 “As… as” comparisons
Comparisons using “as… as” constructions can be used to
discuss degrees of similarity and difference. They can be
modified with adverbs to make them stronger or weaker.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO MARK THE SENTENCES

THE CORRECT SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

234

234-235_U96_As_as_comparisons.indd 234 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

235

234-235_U96_As_as_comparisons.indd 235 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Superlative adjectives
Superlative adjectives, such as “the biggest” or “the smallest,”
are used to talk about extremes. Long adjectives
take “most” and “least” to show an extreme.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

236

236-239_U97_Superlative_adjectives.indd 236 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 WRITE THE SUPERLATIVE FORM OF EACH ADJECTIVE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

237

236-239_U97_Superlative_adjectives.indd 237 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS BY PUTTING THE ADJECTIVES IN THEIR
SUPERLATIVE FORM

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

238

236-239_U97_Superlative_adjectives.indd 238 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

239

236-239_U97_Superlative_adjectives.indd 239 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Adverbs of manner
Words such as “quietly” and “loudly” are adverbs.
They describe and give more information about
verbs, adjectives, phrases, and other adverbs.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING WRITE EACH ADJECTIVE

THE ADVERBS IN THE PANEL AS AN ADVERB

240

240-241_U98_Adverbs_of_manner.indd 240 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

FILL IN THE GAPS BY WRITING THE ADJECTIVES IN BRACKETS AS ADVERBS

241

240-241_U98_Adverbs_of_manner.indd 241 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Comparative and
superlative adverbs
Adverbs have comparative forms to compare or
show differences. They also have superlative
forms to talk about extremes.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

WRITE EACH ADVERB IN ITS COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS

ADVERB COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

242

242-243_U99_Comparative_and_superlative_adverbs.indd 242 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

243

242-243_U99_Comparative_and_superlative_adverbs.indd 243 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Adverbs of degree
Adverbs of degree can be placed in front of adjectives
and verbs to strengthen or weaken their original meaning.
Some adverbs can only be paired with certain adjectives.

MATCH THE PICTURES WRITE THE ADVERBS

TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES FROM THE PANEL IN THE
CORRECT GROUPS
STRONGER WEAKER

WRITE THE ADVERBS

FROM THE PANEL IN THE
CORRECT GROUPS
GRADING NON-GRADING

244

244-246_U100_Adverbs_of_degree.indd 244 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 WRITE THE ADVERBS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

ENTIRELY ALMOST ENTIRELY

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

245

244-246_U100_Adverbs_of_degree.indd 245 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

246

244-246_U100_Adverbs_of_degree.indd 246 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Adverbs of time
Adverbs of time are used to give more precise
information about exactly when something happens.
They can also refer to a continuing event or action.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO MARK WHETHER EACH

THE CORRECT SENTENCES SENTENCE REFERS TO A PAST,
ONGOING, OR FUTURE ACTION

Past
Ongoing
Future

Past
Ongoing
Future

Past
Ongoing
Future

Past
Ongoing
Future

Past
Ongoing
Future

Past
Ongoing
Future

247

247-249_U101_Adverbs_of_time.indd 247 18/01/19 12:36 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

248

247-249_U101_Adverbs_of_time.indd 248 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES
TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

249

247-249_U101_Adverbs_of_time.indd 249 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of frequency show how often something
is done, from something done very frequently
(“always”) to something not done at all (“never”).

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

WRITE THE ADVERBS FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

ALL OR MOST OF NOT OFTEN OR

SOME OF THE TIME
THE TIME NOT AT ALL

250

250-251_U102_Adverbs_of_frequency.indd 250 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN
THE CORRECT ORDER

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO

THE CORRECT ENDINGS

251

250-251_U102_Adverbs_of_frequency.indd 251 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 “So” and “such”
“So” and “such” are adverbs which can be used with
certain words to add emphasis. They are similar in
meaning, but they are used in different structures.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES

TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

252

252-253_U103_So_and_such.indd 252 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

253

252-253_U103_So_and_such.indd 253 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 “Enough” and “too”
“Enough” is used when there is the correct degree
or amount of something. “Too” is used when
something is more than necessary or wanted.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

254

254-255_U104_Enough_and_too.indd 254 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN
THE CORRECT ORDER

255

254-255_U104_Enough_and_too.indd 255 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Prepositions
Prepositions are words that are used to show
relationships between different parts of a clause,
for example relationships of time, place, or reason.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO MARK THE SENTENCES

THE CORRECT SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

256

256-257_U105_Prepositions.indd 256 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PREPOSITIONS IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

257

256-257_U105_Prepositions.indd 257 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Prepositions of place
Prepositions of place are used to relate the position
or location of one thing to another. Using a different
preposition usually changes the meaning of a sentence.

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

258

258-259_U106_Prepositions_of_place.indd 258 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND COMPLETE THE SENTENCES
USING THE PREPOSITIONS IN THE PANEL

259

258-259_U106_Prepositions_of_place.indd 259 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Prepositions of time
Prepositions of time are often used to talk about
schedules and routines. They give information
about when something happens, and how long it lasts.

MATCH THE PICTURES MARK THE SENTENCES

TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

260

260-262_U107_Prepositions_of_time.indd 260 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE
CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

261

260-262_U107_Prepositions_of_time.indd 261 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

262

260-262_U107_Prepositions_of_time.indd 262 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Other prepositions
Prepositions can be used to express
relationships other than place and time,
such as origin, ownership, and absence.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

263

263-264_U108_Other_prepositions.indd 263 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE
CORRECT ENDINGS

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

264

263-264_U108_Other_prepositions.indd 264 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Dependent prepositions
Some words must be followed by a specific
preposition, called a dependent preposition.
These words can be adjectives, verbs, or nouns.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

265

265-267_U109_Dependent_prepositions.indd 265 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORD IN EACH SENTENCE

266

265-267_U109_Dependent_prepositions.indd 266 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PHRASES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

267

265-267_U109_Dependent_prepositions.indd 267 17/01/19 2:27 PM

 Coordinating conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions are words that link words,
phrases, or clauses of equal importance. There are special
rules for using commas with coordinating conjunctions.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

268

268-269_U110_Coordinating_conjunctions.indd 268 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

269

268-269_U110_Coordinating_conjunctions.indd 269 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Subordinating conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions are used to connect words,
phrases, and clauses of unequal importance. They’re
used to say why, where, or when something happens.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

270

270-271_U111_Subordinating_conjunctions.indd 270 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

271

270-271_U111_Subordinating_conjunctions.indd 271 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 More linking words
Some words can be used to show a relationship
between two sentences or parts of a sentence. This
can be cause, effect, emphasis, contrast, or comparison.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

272

272-273_U112_More_linking_words.indd 272 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

LOOK AT THE PICTURES AND FILL IN THE GAPS USING

THE LINKING WORDS IN THE PANEL

273

272-273_U112_More_linking_words.indd 273 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Linking words overview
Conjunctions are linking words that describe the
relationship between two parts of a sentence.
They can be coordinating or subordinating.

WRITE THE LINKING WORDS FROM THE PANEL IN THE

CORRECT GROUPS
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

MARK THE USE OF THE CONJUNCTION IN EACH SENTENCE

reason condition time time reason cause

condition time contrast contrast time reason

time cause reason cause contrast condition

contrast cause reason reason condition time

274

274-275_U113_Linking_words_overview.indd 274 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE
CORRECT ORDER

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

275

274-275_U113_Linking_words_overview.indd 275 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Prefixes
Prefixes are small groups of letters which
can be added to the start of many words
to give them different meanings.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

276

276-277_U114_Prefixes.indd 276 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE PREFIXES IN THE PANEL

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, CORRECTING THE ERRORS

277

276-277_U114_Prefixes.indd 277 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Suffixes
Suffixes are small groups of letters
which can be added to the end of many
words to give them different meanings.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO

THE CORRECT ENDINGS

WRITE THE SUFFIXES FROM THE PANEL IN THE CORRECT GROUPS

ADJECTIVES VERBS NOUNS

278

278-279_U115_Suffixes.indd 278 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

279

278-279_U115_Suffixes.indd 279 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Easily confused phrases
In English, there are several phrases which sound
or look similar, but have different meanings.
It is important not to get these confused.

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

280

280-281_U116_Easily_confused_phrases.indd 280 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE

CORRECT ORDER

281

280-281_U116_Easily_confused_phrases.indd 281 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Sequencing and organizing
There are a number of words and phrases in English
which help to explain the order of events. They can also
be used to organize text and make it easier to understand.

FILL IN THE GAPS USING THE WORDS IN THE PANEL

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE CORRECT ENDINGS

282

282-283_U117_Sequencing_and_organizing.indd 282 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

CROSS OUT THE INCORRECT WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE

283

282-283_U117_Sequencing_and_organizing.indd 283 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Correcting and changing
the subject
Set words and phrases can be used to correct someone,
disagree, change the subject, or concede a point.
They often come at the beginning of the sentence.

MATCH THE STATEMENTS TO THE CORRECT RESPONSES

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

284

284-285_U118_Correcting_and_changing_the_subject.indd 284 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE
CORRECT ORDER

285

284-285_U118_Correcting_and_changing_the_subject.indd 285 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Deciding and hedging
English uses a number of words and phrases
to discuss the different sides of an argument
or to make sentences sound less definite.

MATCH THE PICTURES TO THE CORRECT SENTENCES

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

286

286-287_U119_Deciding_and_hedging.indd 286 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN THE
CORRECT ORDER

MARK THE SENTENCES THAT ARE CORRECT

287

286-287_U119_Deciding_and_hedging.indd 287 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Making conversation
Many words and phrases are used in English to ease
the flow of conversation. These techniques are
often called organizing, backchanneling, or stalling.

MARK THE BEST REPLY TO EACH STATEMENT

MATCH THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SENTENCES TO THE

CORRECT ENDINGS

288

288-289_U120_Making_conversation.indd 288 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 REWRITE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE WORDS IN
THE CORRECT ORDER

289

288-289_U120_Making_conversation.indd 289 17/01/19 2:28 PM

 Answers
NOTE: Some of the following answers can be
written in different forms, for example with or
without contractions.

290

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 290 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 291

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 291 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 292

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 292 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 REGULAR:

IRREGULAR:

293

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 293 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 294

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 294 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Decision
Prediction
Promise
Offer

Prediction
Future plan
Prediction
Future plan
Future plan
Prediction
Future plan

Present
Future
Present Request
Present Neutral question
Future Neutral question
Future Neutral question
Present Request
Future
Future
Present

295

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 295 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 296

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 296 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 MODEL ANSWERS

297

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 297 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 298

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 298 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Second
First
Zero
Third
First
First
Zero
Second
Third
Second

Can no longer happen

Can no longer happen
Could still happen
Can no longer happen
Could still happen

Likely
Didn’t happen
Didn’t happen
Unlikely
Didn’t happen
Unlikely
Unlikely
Likely
Likely
Unlikely

299

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 299 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Subject question
Subject question
Object question
Subject question
Subject question
Object question
Object question

300

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 300 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 SUBJECT QUESTIONS:

OBJECT QUESTIONS:

Open question
Closed question
Closed question
Open question
Closed question
Closed question

301

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 301 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 MODEL ANSWERS

Main
Auxiliary
Auxiliary
Auxiliary
Main
Main
Auxiliary
Main
Auxiliary
Main

302

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 302 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 TRANSITIVE:

INTRANSITIVE:

Action
State
Action
Action
State
State
Action

ACTION VERBS:

STATE VERBS:

303

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 303 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 SEPARABLE:

INSEPARABLE:

Formal
Informal
Formal
Informal
Formal
Formal
Informal

Request
Offer
Request
Offer
Request
Request
Offer

304

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 304 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 305

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 305 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 306

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 306 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 COMMON NOUNS:

PROPER NOUNS:

COUNTABLE:

UNCOUNTABLE:

307

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 307 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 CONCRETE:
cardinal
ABSTRACT: ordinal
cardinal
cardinal
ordinal
ordinal
cardinal

308

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 308 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 309

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 309 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 310

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 310 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Defining
Non-defining
Non-defining
Defining

311

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 311 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Distance
Day / Date / Month / Year
Weather
Time

312

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 312 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 SIZE:

SHAPE:

AGE:

COLOR:

NATIONALITY:

MATERIAL:

GENERAL OPINION:

SPECIFIC OPINION:

Extreme
Absolute
Classifying
Extreme

313

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 313 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 GRADABLE:

NON-GRADABLE:

314

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 314 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 315

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 315 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 Future
Past
Past
Ongoing
Ongoing
STRONGER:

WEAKER:

GRADING:

NON-GRADING:

ENTIRELY:

ALMOST ENTIRELY:

ALL OR MOST OF THE TIME:

SOME OF THE TIME:

NOT OFTEN OR NOT AT ALL:

316

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 316 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 317

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 317 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 318

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 318 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 ADJECTIVES:

VERBS:

NOUNS:

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS:

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS:

time
reason
cause
time
reason
condition
condition

319

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 319 28/02/19 11:38 AM

 320

290-320_Grammar_Answers.indd 320 28/02/19 11:38 AM