Completeness and Compatibility
ME5130
Venue: meet.google.com/qry-vajw-kjz
Class timing:
Monday: 4:00 – 5:25 PM; & Thursday: 2:30 – 3:55 PM
Ashok Kumar Pandey
Mobile: 09494060728
Email: ashok@mae.iith.ac.in
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,
IIT Hyderabad, India
Date: 16/11/2020 Lecture 18
Polynomial Order for Triangular Elements
𝑥 𝑦 3 noded, P=2
𝑥2 𝑥𝑦 𝑦2 6 noded, P=3
10 noded, P=4
𝑥3 𝑥2𝑦 𝑥𝑦 2 𝑦3
15 noded, P=5
𝑥4 𝑥 3 𝑦 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑦4
Elements Matrices and Vectors
1 1
3 − Noded Triangular Element
𝐴3 𝐴2
𝑦
Constant strain element 𝐴1 Spac
2 3 2 3
(𝑎1 + 𝑏1 𝑥 + 𝑐1𝑦) (𝑎2 + 𝑏2 𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑦) (𝑎3 + 𝑏3 𝑥 + 𝑐3 𝑦) 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴3 1 𝑥1 𝑦1
1
𝐿1 𝐿2 𝐿3 = , , = , , 𝐴 = 1 𝑥2 𝑦2
2𝐴 2𝐴 2𝐴 𝐴 𝐴 𝐴 2 1 𝑥
3 𝑦3
𝑥 = 𝐿1 𝑥1 + 𝐿2 𝑥2 + 𝐿3 𝑥3
𝑁1 = 𝐿1, 𝑁2 = 𝐿2 , 𝑁3 = 𝐿3
𝑦 = 𝐿1 𝑦1 + 𝐿2 𝑦2 + 𝐿3 𝑦3
Method 1: Polynomial of higher order
First method of constructing polynomial of higher order
𝐿1 = 1
1
𝑛 4 6
𝑈=
𝑞
𝑎𝑖 𝐿1 𝐿𝑟2 𝐿𝑠3 𝐿1 = 1/2
𝑖=1
2 3
5
Where, q, r, and s are non-negative integers which may range
over n possible combinations such that
(𝑚 + 1)(𝑚 + 2)
𝑚 = 𝑞 + 𝑟 + 𝑠, 𝑛=
2
For example consider a six node triangle.
For m=2, we get n=6 and
𝑈1 = 𝑎1 𝐿21 + 𝑎2 𝐿22 + 𝑎3 𝐿23 + 𝑎4 𝐿1 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝐿2 𝐿3 + 𝑎6 𝐿3 𝐿1
Equivalent to
𝑈 𝑒 = 𝑏1 + 𝑏2 𝑥 + 𝑏3 𝑦 + 𝑏4 𝑥 2 + 𝑏5 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏6 𝑦 2
Method 1: Polynomial of higher order
In order to obtain the shape function, we get write displace for
all the nodes 𝐿1 = 1
1
𝑈1 = 𝑎1 𝐿21 + 𝑎2 𝐿22 + 𝑎3 𝐿23 + 𝑎4 𝐿1 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝐿2 𝐿3 + 𝑎6 𝐿3 𝐿1 4 6
𝐿1 = 1/2
𝑈1 𝑎1 𝑎1 𝑈1
𝑈2 𝑎2 𝑈2 2 3
𝑎2 5
𝑈3 𝑎3 𝑎3 𝑈3
= 𝐶 𝑎4 , 𝑎4 = 𝐶 −1
𝑈4 𝑈4
𝑈5 𝑎5 𝑎5 𝑈5
𝑈6 𝑎6 𝑎6 𝑈6
𝑎1
𝑎2
𝑎3
𝑈 𝑒 = 𝐿21 , 𝐿22 , 𝐿23 , 𝐿1 𝐿2 , 𝐿2 𝐿3 , 𝐿3 𝐿1 𝑎4
𝑎5
𝑎6
𝑈1
𝑈2
𝑈3
𝑈 𝑒 = 𝐿21 , 𝐿22 , 𝐿23 , 𝐿1 𝐿2 , 𝐿2 𝐿3 , 𝐿3 𝐿1 𝐶 −1
𝑈4
𝑈5
𝑁 𝑈6
Method 2: Writing shape function by Inspection
Use inspection to write shape function as product of
polynomial terms: 𝐿1 = 1
1
4 6
𝑁1 = 𝐶(𝐿1 − 0)(𝐿1 − 1/2) 𝐿1 = 1/2
such that 𝑁1 = 0 at 𝐿1 = 0, 𝐿1 = 1/2 2 3
5
and 𝑁1 = 1 at 𝐿1 = 1, 𝐶=2
Similarly,
𝑁3 = 𝐶(𝐿3 − 0)(𝐿3 − 1/2) 𝐶=2
𝑁4 = 𝐶𝐿1 𝐿2 𝐶=4
Similarly, for cubic triangle: m=3, n=10
Obtain the polynomials for quadratic and cubic triangular elements.
𝑥
Thank You
