Bloom’s Taxonomy Levels: 1. Remember 2. Understand 3. Application 4. Analysis 5. Evaluation 6.

Creation

Programme Name: BE (Electrical Engineering)

Programme Specific Outcome(PSO)

PSO1 –Knowledge of engineering aspects to identify, analyse, design and develop solution of complex engineering problems.
PSO2- Acquire state of art technologies to address current and future energy issues.
PSO3- Engage in continuous process of learning and acquiring expertise of new technologies and modern software tools.
Syllabus of Courses

The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

Faculty Technology and Engineering Academic Year 2025-26
Department of Electrical Engineering

B E (Electrical Engineering): Regular Programme

Core / Elective / Foundation
Year IV Credits / Hours per week 03 + 01 + 02
ELExxxx: Power System Protection
Year of Introduction: 2025
Semester I Maximum Marks / Grade 100+ 50
Year of Syllabus Revision: NIL
Mode of Transaction Lectures, Tutorials, Laboratory
Course Outcome (CO) ELExxxx
CO1 Explain different types of faults and abnormalities in power system, constructional features and working of different types of relays and relaying system
CO2 Determine the parameters of protection scheme of given power system.
CO3 Design protection scheme for generators, transformers, transmission lines and various power system apparatus.
CO4 Interpret the concepts of testing of relays and carrier based protection of power system

Unit Topic Contact Weightage BT CO PSO Element Relevan Relation

No. Hours (%) Level s of ce to to
Employa Local Gender
bility (L)/ (G),
(Emp)/ National Environ
Entrepre (N)/ ment and
neurship Regional Sustaina
(Ent)/ (R)/Glob bility
Skill al (G) (ES),
Develop Human
ment Values
(SD) (HV)and
Professio
nal
Ethics
(PE)

1 The Philosophy of Protective Relaying : Purpose of protection, Causes PSO1

CO1
and consequence of fault, types of faults, major components of power 06 10 5 PSO2 SD G PE
system that needs protection, basic tripping circuits, zones of protection, PSO3
 essential qualities of protection system, primary and backup protection,
evolution of protective relay technology, classification of protective
relays and protective schemes, auto reclosure, protective current and
potential transformer, basic relay terminology, different types and
working principle of electromagnetic relays and their auxiliaries,
thermal relays, advantages and disadvantages of electromagnetic relays.
2 Over Current Protection : Different over current relay characteristics,
relay settings, methods of discrimination, directional relay, different
CO1 PSO1
feeder protections, earth protection and protection scheme, combined
08 15 5,5,6 CO2 PSO2
phase fault and earth fault protection scheme, radial feeder relay
CO3 PSO3
coordination using definite time and IDMT relays, over current
protection of interconnected systems
3 Differential Relays and Apparatus Protection : Principle of differential
protection, simple differential protection, difficulties with simple
differential protection, percentage differential protection.
Transformer Protection: Types of faults, gas-operated relay, leakage
and over load protection, non-unit protection, problems in application
of differential protection, biased differential protection against phase
and earth faults, magnetizing inrush current, harmonic restraint relay,
restricted earth fault protection, protection against inter-turn faults and
over fluxing.
CO1 PSO1
Bus zone protection : Current differential protection, selection of CTs,
12 25 5,5,6 CO2 PSO2
biased differential protection, actual behaviour of normal and saturated
CO3 PSO3
protective CT, high impedance busbar differential scheme, supervisory
relay, frame leakage protection, breaker backup protection, directional
comparison, split-bus protection.
Generator protection : Various faults and abnormal operating
conditions, stator protection against phase, earth faults and inter-turn
faults, rotor faults, protection against abnormal operating conditions.
Motor protection : Various faults in induction motors, protection of
small and large induction motors against abnormal operating conditions
electrical and mechanical side, protection of synchronous motors.
4 Distance Relays : Drawbacks of over current relay protection,
introduction to distance protection, simple impedance relay, reactance
relay, Mho relay, comparison between distance relay, Reach of
CO1 PSO1
distance relay, reasons for inaccuracy of distance relay reach, three
14 25 5,5,6 CO2 PSO2
stepped distance protection, complete distance protection of three phase
CO3 PSO3
transmission lines for phase fault and ground fault, Effect of Arc
resistance, power swing, line length and source impedance on the
performance of distance relay, different relay characteristics.
 5 Carrier Current and Pilot Relaying Protection : Wire pilot relaying,
types and limitations of wire pilot relaying, Need of carrier current CO1 PSO1
4 08 5,5
protection, working principle, various options for a carrier, phase CO4 PSO2
comparison and directional comparison relaying.
6 Testing of Relays : Acceptance tests, type tests, laboratory setup for CO1 PSO1
2 05 5,5
testing of different types of relays. CO4 PSO2
7 Static and Digital Relays:
Static Relays : Need, essential components, advantages, disadvantages,
classification of static relays, electronic circuits commonly used in
static relays, basic concept of comparators, amplitude and phase
comparators and their duality, different types of comparators, different
static relay characteristics like over current, differential, distance relay,
PSO1
multi input comparator.
6 12 5 CO1 PSO2
PSO3
Digital Relays : Introduction to computer relaying, Development and
historical background, expected relay architecture, A-D converters,
Anti –aliasing Filters, substation computer hierarchy Review of
mathematical basis for protective relaying algorithms, phasor
estimation using discrete fourier transform, Microprocessor based
protection : over current relay. Distance relay, differential relay.

Reference Books
1. Protection Relays : Their theory and practice : Vol I & II By A.R. Van C. Harrington
2. Power System Protection by Basu, Patra and Choudhary
3. Switchgear and Protection by Sunil S Rao
4. Power System Protection : Static Relay with uP application by T.S.M. Rao – Iind edition
5. Power System Protection and Switchgear by Ravindranath and Chander.
6. Power System Protection by Ram B and Vishwakarma D. N., TMH, New Delhi
7. Fundamentals of Power System Protection by Y.G. Paithankar, S.R. Bhide, PHI Learning, 2010.
8. Art and Science of Protective Relaying by C. Russell Masson
9. Power System Protection & Switchgear by Bhuvanesh Oza, Nirmal Kumar Nair, Vijay Makwana, Rashesh Mehta, Mcgrawhill
10. Protection and switchgear, by Bhavesh Bhalja, R.P.Maheshwari, Nilesh hotani,1st edition, 2011, Oxford Publication
11. Power system protection by P M Anderson, McGraw-hill, 1999``
12. Digital Protection by L P Singh
13. Protective Relaying Principles & Applications by J. Lewis Blackburn & T. J. Domin
14. Computer relaying for Power systems by Arun G Phadke and James S Thorp, John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York.
Transmission Line Protection Using Digital Technology by Bhavesh Bhalja and Vijay H. Makwana, Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte. Ltd; Singapore,
15.
January 2016

Note : Laboratory experiments based on above syllabus.