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DSTL Unit 3 (3rd Sem)

The document covers the fundamentals of logic, including propositions, truth tables, tautology, satisfiability, and contradictions, as well as predicate logic concepts such as quantifiers and inference theory. It explains logical connectives, their symbols, and the construction of truth tables for various logical expressions. Additionally, it discusses logical equivalences, laws of logic, and methods for negating propositions.

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41 views32 pages

DSTL Unit 3 (3rd Sem)

The document covers the fundamentals of logic, including propositions, truth tables, tautology, satisfiability, and contradictions, as well as predicate logic concepts such as quantifiers and inference theory. It explains logical connectives, their symbols, and the construction of truth tables for various logical expressions. Additionally, it discusses logical equivalences, laws of logic, and methods for negating propositions.

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simranofficial1507
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theory of Logics: Proposition, Truth tables, Tautology, Satisfiability, Contradiction, Algebra of proposition, Theory of Inference. Predicate Logic: First order predicate, well- formed formula of predicate, quantifiers, Inference theory of predicate logic. ropostlio, — bb a statement whith & ettherr“bue or Palse bul nol both. Ith a declanatéve. Sdlement ftw us ed. by lowercase ldlew peers By ele. Tuy ar. calted. boolean or log variables alets Prgsthion. rumed. by come aséhon of) two or morc poo posih ons calle cot doe pre, cathe, vA t Nas be rig and he dludia hand , Sky i & blue and clouds ant_while . Fundamental Connectives — The wond or phrases used bb rm. cempound Propesthons axe. carted connedléves . Thou ane. 5 basic fecléves ‘Sm Connective, words Name of, eonnecléve. Symbol. Not Negation “Tf = s and Conpinchiom A on. Disjundléon. v A thn Smbticdteon > o 3 and ony ep bécondéhonal Nagilein. - Ex- p: ata 6 omen [e [-e | pi ate 76 TL F 4) Deke & ca petal of India . nq Delhe & nat capitat of Lndéa - Be pe BH é10 4} Today u monet pay! ‘nat — a — f it pand gq be epost The 1) NAND — Dendled by Og. 4 pane q. fe Pea a pig "Loken ok both. p and 4 Gthorupts, tf ts truce-- Note: Pt4 = OP f one 2) Noe — Denoted by PLY let pand g. be the ae propa nei tut whan both pond q om, ce. Othenuctae a & Dalse- lap and_ 3 KOR — (Exclusive Di po PO; | propositions -then woh g preg # “tl! biota ot bul nal both anc véee denoted. b 74, G. Constnudl toulth table tors — 4) Prater. Y pOqan Ex. Qrove that ?- ” a) POy= (parpv(npaq, e b) pty = (p@4v (p44). - ape Formula + t= Mathematetal exprusscene seit vupousnled en cell tating farunthises, bricces and Agta. berackete bo avoccl the - In leg 2 alse a slalumiat cehich i celtecteen op vetniables or fs ‘f vup vac th well deforucd Devinn vestry 4 c oriliens iy known as weit fevmifet. formetla.. Te generete~ wed peel ruacerrivels + Folleceeng eudu aw used § y f allomic slatimentl P és a welt leamed. ( permet o% Poa well forme Dorma & “ther ¢ if & also a welt. fomed te) Pand g and “weit fennecl formula thin (Pag OME) (Pag) @ ana (Pq are also tebl Pofiheet Pormacter wWA aoe a vervialbles 5 porunithees and comnaccleves is ovauni- - Nia A soe we Pee id th can be. ebtatrud. y “ppg the. cererifhests ecco reteny G, which. wrula 4 ne, explain | wy (e5 fe o lonmé, . % f &) (PAG) (AQ) St &nct a welt shinee ‘a ' n abnole ) (oeayon). smelt dnc he" et sg ty) (PAG) (G2R Ip gE i Bnd a wrth ormeck, formuter. shee one the perth u ring ra BS Nfnwite ,Tnvense and Coitapatiie — )tonvense = The convents. 9 pry qrP: 2.) Invense - The inverse of poy “prey: 3) Covilna positive. — The eeepentety e7qe “4p: . 4) Bnt4=4o then wor: Pend t fas & P ice ataDemene im GNA , BWverse and covlnaposibive. of ld p= Bxt4=1o qs men eq: AB 3n4+ =10 thin x=2 Lenverst. (qr )t 4; ME A-thin 3+ F210 e Snvewe (page Sf Sart J 10 then x fd Contvaposihive. (qr opi x= then ax haze +" 4) 4t wains then cops well grew". Feid covense , enverrse and conten - qotive’ lap: Hl tains. q' crepe well grew erq: 4 @ main thin orops well grew Converse t qop) ‘4B the ours grow then thew has been gratn dnyorse | Cp rnq) {Gp th dew nal rain thin enepa evil 280 grow. B there thew hav beer ne rain Cngragonoe mq=r-p)' 2 the wp de net greiv ; & i the “lowth table yor eq and UT converse , invoue and cont ropasitive; uy cchich ae unfeak silion. £cleifies verud vu la ebsra_b) 0: stéons s— Prope. A pst ewicha The Leagan Late below & th ain ying Complex, @xpris ddempotefit Lau Astociabive Law Comrnittctive Law Pvp =p (pq) ver = rq ery =4e er=ep Cpaquan = gr tqary a= 4p ibeitive Lew Tdeitity Law efil Law myn grip) gr Arey a PALE YPY & (png) Cp Are) par =e aa A “FST pAT=e | Trwoluttéon. Lowy t Abpenpteon aw ¢ ~ep=p ev (erg= ep De Mongan's Law ! merp=e ~lpvp) = pq “(paq) = “tT Be Vang algebora. o Prepesitions shows that - 9 ers Cevgd— (pag) . 094 = (9-34) a(q-, Le eee we 0. CPM Le eg )aq>pyJ =Ceppqurtepe dap ‘ brs co = Cogn Cmpva ity Cp nowy fie aoe qr~p)v (nqaq) ¥ (paxp) v(enq) Crsing dishibuttve Lae] (qnup) VF VEY {paq) Casing complement Laver] (ngnnp IVCpagq) Ctestirg Eainbite law) ~Upvq) v tpaq) [using Pe Morgan's ane Committee les) = (rp opaq) Hence. pricered. (Ayre =p = (Pngrv (eat) (using Pettit Laws] PACquT) L wing Dotribittive Law] pat” Cusing Mentty bow J CP Hertee. proved - wl oi jolt Bs UM (pags) = ~pang ~Clpvepya (pv J [ wring distibilive law] SCT AC ev) Cusing comptemant:Lase) = (ev) C stn naa law] S onpan treg De Morgans wy) (Dv (pang) = od Mongarys Law J SOG) Csing Disribetive Laue} pat [wring cemplemeat law) e (wing Cdusitity law9 Ww i Using lays 9p algebra show “thal $- Y ~re) (eng) Be. @ leper) qd > pyeponys qn ® @y- 1 e- Negation st Compocnd. Stalemeatl — 1 Negation. ¢ Conguniteen = meh OS ED vpyee. f= vert the neqalion each o eo apa eonjundlcons & @) Paris & tr Panee And whe lagna” le pt Panis & mm France, e 2 Londen ts th fingland condjunchion. ts (PAq ). nlp = “pyeLi Paris & nol tr France or London & nel ot England. b) 2t4=6 and THK1n let p: atta 2 FRI cenqunchion. ts Ceaq) “(pay = “pyeg! 24426 or tft 2. Neqdlion of Disjantkon — hang 0420 - ci ing wt nn in td ham son daw X Amun ib ch claw XI ajuncien 7 ove (evs ~ganqt Ram dyin daw and Anin nat d& das XT. ») 9 grudlin than + or Cb tousthan #. ld pide cthan $ py rr Dujunchion. is Pye pvp = mpage: 9 & ni gruali than t+ and 6 ie nét less than 8. " 3. Neqdléon of Negation — \ “a nfm “Pp = a? Ee Voly p Aor the stetemenl $ p: Ross ane ed. Negation of, Negelih op Pe pep SF net the case ‘thal stones ase anit ord. 4¢ ts Palee thro nol sud. einen Rose ane sed + Negidéon of Im ical Si Wil the negation each. | the plows statiminbss vate Fair fase . § Mavnty Yi The games cancedlec! Pq: Y thy thin the game & canceled pay (pe~4) ean Gntng and the ame. © n&canceltect, bie Moline he le Samuation . ' He will paws the exameriabion . “Gy = (pring) : uth shun and he will nat; 5. Negation 9}, Bicondélional — egaliin 9, See J A eqs es ee A: Wr the ne ch of i- 4) He win ened 19m dt itp Wl alex, Bs ya wpe = “poy Hoidoe ra kaa walter & war | = pong: Means Y an pond airy & néTwanm, 77. Mutlologies -A eompeunel preposition. thal t truetor all peosible. ould valu ob gripelional variable G lathe toy » Coitlnadidlion --A. unc. proposition that” & always Fab. tor att oakeble Aout vatuu as" preplinine vane is calcd clhadisibn,. * Coitingeney A proposition eokich % nétthen taulleleay nor anitnadichion & cet centingur + Lait column contain beth T land F. Bee YD GOMP (Ddemiw which ‘th fpllowtng & tadlology , cortwadsétion anck ee ‘ TOF f Aint lask cokwnn ecnfains F. Thuastone meperttecn FOOT I ha conlnadicin. we 2) (py —eq>py) e “p “pq. gap (Cap14)-2(q~9p)) ey ff tet are Cepere T FP F T T 1 T) anee lait eohunn contains both TandF- PRE Fig) Marebacomgny 8) (P7lq>2))— (p7q)-+lp- rnp) wae 9 Cge = rn (grgripon (go, 9 p tan Pod tod tomlerpoteony Gaping ly ry) y ; (ps) TT F F F T Fr F [rt p72) rer. t T FOOT r |? TRF T L € 1 \t | T T T i TF F T TOT T ry Met t T T OT T it | ee atime ae: Ir} fou, lait contains Tr. at ba oy. 2 * = & Chow thal ((pyegda(mp veg)? 4,6 at ubbigy wing depinctcn | os Show thal (~PAg) (G7 DH na a af ; eatcon. — fk proposilion p i said lo be-logécatly éraply a. pee F. chpliion 2G fi, mith ‘oS algebria_and get an expresion te AY ore 2 Elomtnat © before sums ancl pare Inveliition or be Hogans law. |B Apply disteibedtive. law wilt sum off clumuil ny prediitl & cHained .. _ [Rete oni & ral uneque) Fx: Ubtain Seer epee eee i - “s) “ter (qn) by mpacqerp) dh pntoprotqyla? =n))). 4) tr Kp pantaye )- ) ~(prlqan)) = s(epy (qaru) a) (poten) Sapp) A n(qee = pa (oqven) “egy (parry) (#00) by npAlqe~ = “Pr(47e) Pq) mee “Pp ACeqyp) A tpvq)) mpnnga (-pyy) v (PatoPyy) ECP rey CPD CPP) V(PAY) = opa( eqanp)v EVE ¥(pAq)) =p ac (qnvp) y (paq)) Mt in rr x o CPr“qanpyv (vpaga vw (rpanq) y (Faq) = (panq) VF = pasa) pve &. P¥ep— at. P Clqronyy = OVP > (qv(mqvanyy = CY (xmpy) v¢ qrerqveyy) PYCEY (qynqvany) PYpvay Var 7 e = ove var [using Idempcterit l A PK Prcqrp) = Pr (pvgracmcngy a ce wo 07 Cnpvqi ac Ap) P>Lepacqnpy qyaaap #7 Cl-pag) (pop) vigng a ntqap) b(t eng) AF V QA (qap)) 07 CO-prqnr vq (arp “eve | om My jy gy Conjunclive. Normal. Form — A legécal expruscon 6 satct bw be th Congjune- wedual of elumarilary um or or act Live nosumal form on CNF, if t j f nodal opCztum . Fore exaen Je, patspvq) (preq)A (oping) au conjuneléve jonas. “PRocedeece op Bindsig DNF and. ¢NF & same. Sf & ref unegu + Erample- Obtain chr “op Lellowting > A(p3q) = pa(épva) e) “elpoy = pater b) (4y (para Cpvarng) = (qv (pasar ¢ pv 4) = (qpralquary ALCpau vey s Cqvpratqvey) na (Cer-4) A(amvery) = (qvpan (qv) A cpyey) A(anv-y)- t) ~(Lev-qyarny) = n@vepvee = jepaqwvr = (pyar (qvew yey (psy) =[(Alevq) > (gq) ¥ ( pap “(pvp = (-(evq)) (eng )) VL nGpaqyy s@vg) { = Kev ve pagal n(paqoy (pry =(epvayp) 4 (peqvany a [onpyegy vepanay] = (Cpvq2 s(pvgyda Ecogrogeey A a “J = OVE) A (pvg A (opm gy atapyng)] = (Pvqd ACmpvng) Fritetple sjunélive. Nosmal Fonm $— s)Ménlenms — 4P p and g anc “tec preposthicnaR varuiatbles, then rierieons 9] pa ee. ens pipe eg nr thi igbles ot. ” mit Me ic nol ental bi turn and tng Neto wblins ae ede @Maxlorms — $f pand gq antic nepesibenat variables , then “maxlerms of, g and > fond Prd > OMT > -gvpont “prny: | for n prepestional vartcables thice ant 2" maxlermas and tf shoul not ceritain teu and_ UE nection « fore example.— ovnp a nef a maxlem . Snincipal Désjandlive. Nezmot Forum - (or PONE) cenlains disjunehon bh mindless only. Su abe aun ef, precaitty ef canonical fm Tee cote ties wi nding PDNF- ay ane i a) tonrachng tudh table b) WithodL conih (cteg ruth table. Method a), Pendiig PDNF wsitng truth table #— Gy! Coletti‘ gear lpia oprusion. . 2. Writ @ minkoine Por each. tout “Vatece ee 4p) phat ateuith votes T and. phos o-bitith voli F than will be pang: for touth value T ‘the vorurble is taken as ub & bull Por Fi me 6 eomidou di. Shep 3. The disjundiéon_o| muilbuns cbkutecl i slep 2. gives PDNF o| gern. Topneth. i] ans , Dbtain. PDNF of pq: = cman we ‘athe Aor dog C 2 Ménloures tt ees) TF F F T apa FOF Fr——apey) Theupou, tONF & (Cpaq)y (pa py pet Method eDNF alte hy tutte ~ Step 2. D4 9 oe . . ae . i sepia nt (aw simplitly the Diguniive axiiable % mi trom ar. elemerih ath 3 Secrets pr thn plus py Aw a Cayepi) anys het fp tip 's ot chmalBiy pred, aoe puctiuerd bo stam Step 5. Identccat terms appeoting should be diilid . Note PONE of given loqezal express uni oat voit + ed Cpt dot equa then. those heo fog at ‘exp rwss¢c valrl. t —, sd nth te tad. CONF op, p>. = rey v Ile) = [ey [PY (preg) v (gop) v(qa~p) | - &pspy Vipanqiviqap) Be Ddbtain PONE placing io ling trudh table and w/o wesh truth, a) qv(pynq) 7 ‘abled in b) tle he ~ Avwth table + t + rt ier) Méileoms TT PAL T F F F r + ir pas , FOF ir et FoT of {Tt pang ) | PONF ts (pq )v (paw JV (pag) v (upanq) - | w/o iain on r 1 wy BLANC") v ( palquagy v “ga(ewepry = (py Cay) . Y Cong ¥ (emg) ¥ Carp) ¥ (ogrnp) r 2 | apy & neply AP) VC ap) re plenmgnrrd vCynre) ee P ysing trate tablet we ? a an (parq anni (pangarsuy (gar) Mints T $ T a F : ev T ot Pte pegs TTF €T F € é pagnne TeT te Fo o.¢ r es Ter re oe € oops tor obee oF ot Cente rtTR FT F PH “pga PeT tre € fF F npangn’ FRF TT FoF F “eye PDNE bs [pagar DY Cpnngann)vespagart d Sihoal wing touwth tablet . = (pong) v((qarve vp JJ =[lprnqrory VirnqrryY crprqny) Tt ft v PONE & cprgaverperp . wuthedt -butth. table 2 %eoqe agin (476) = epee eye = vege) ¥ 4 nq p? = bepeqiv Copy arrpy Ve) = (eporqny FF Vv C9Ne =o. The are two ¢ i by sn al enti. a wethoiil coniloitChing “ith table . od. jig = Piewy ee f 6 Egon sri tees cai T tenth nuegalien Wa J vee fat the variable. WG a hea a Steps The conjunction g| in Sig 2. gre bee stain PONE of” pA’ aw & a ’ ie ICN f— eveqeey) a (qv (p pP) } Te = (prpatevey) s ot T Lt ama spvq) = vq) £1 pea = [pep (peppy pL. FOR eg) Method oP Fehdihg PCNF w/e wing teuith table t— Step 1. conjuntteve. newmal even Cxpaurscon ae 2. Dag ce leant oats be lanes sunpllfy the conjunlive. nomat a fount ch / ry erie Sef. 4 seme. prrcpe ane voruiable i missing Brom art eléneitwrey Sean srg ae pp Sum # thine suplace 4 by Gud) a(evese) step - Re Repeat blip S wwikil att elma may etm are sucteced ne, prreetesee sp uns Step Taerittcal “terms ste wing theuld be cditeted , Oblain PeNF Folios i waing and w/e ting towh table. be eae ing truth tale | if 4% , ve Cpe) Pyar Cenpel-prpveqnn) Maxleums TTR e « £ & T ‘ TET PF F F F F TER pop F fF Evaro FIT ¢ Tf LF “a ! PTR > Fo oT ¢ T Feet qr oF FE me FRR > fF F&F & F prqv-a) OONF pan SERYGYA RIA (mpvaver) A(pvavanya(py: aig th tie TY Alprqy-ruaterqveny alov-pagy Vigan) ee Y(qan nr) = an) “1 Cunha Assim tau) re ven = (Gypyacqynp) = GYPV Ginna) A Cqvapyyinan) es A latN nn) AqYMRMOUA EY PY ey Vvqve bea. t 1 TE EM Fee Gpoynlqre) Havtens 2 ee ee ee 7 T “pve -T FF t T F F ae Strat & F Oi prt rt § oF to pdm wre T fF oF [fF gvavne_ | PCNF is [Gpvqverda(nprquaya (prego) acer mq eave). wither eee Cermalys P =Cepv(q> papery) = (PVA (Hpr@a(nqvey) = (evra Crprqaceqyp) = ((prer( gn-q)A (ep vadv(naasy a Ceranst)v(nqvp)) = (pvqyerja (preg yy) A (nprqs vauA cevqrny) a Cer-qva) A open) (ere: “PA (xpuqunya (purge A)a (py mayen Corqvey | } (pv-q) s & ag ic 1 wt very) MaxTems t + a Tee E fe es FoF T #T € OL eonk & [egeqgKpregyn Atpeg) wtthent wlng teudh “lable es Wty qitennr) A (eve) ev Ja (pyes he cia ts on auciion that «give ast-of p CrP Pr at “clare gr sion on gr 7 fn x opatttion. 6 » How, P.,Pr- ; x PL. E- @ e, 7s fn Valid. Angumint— Ap O) PwPn FG & said ty be vatect f s b bun whenever ath the, Grim Cn actor 7 ad Rud of Snjounce _ T._Meduus Ponins rt AT Modis Teflens my ‘ qt. _— wD. Pisjuntteve toi 7 vq 4 cP Sp =e - ZL. Addon UE Stingtifeceletn: ° i fA on 44 ey =F 4 ‘ “UL. Conjunction WITT. Conibwiélive. Dilemma ? Co patn—ay G vst OF x. Duilsuictive Dilemma Opn “vung othe vate ena 2 “pan a “?P 4 arr 5 “4 Therep or a Show that 1 & and sot 1 Ans 2 st 3 encot 4 npoy 5 « 6 ul + wm et Ghew that 124 & (Pr4 L (pa 2 «l Be 3 ny 4 to 5 +73 ss Prow thal p bs val 14 ar 3 pee the anguemint evq>p), npan bg w/o using a eviqrp) Given. prumie (ver PUL sumplifeerTion wing (2). Dujunchve. Syllegeim usingl Land (3) Modus “Tollens using (4) anc 6. , the oe alalenenit i valid - conclu mpm ‘the given. pruumisss (ybven. prunise iver Pruemioe a png MP2 Nogism (Ware (2) (edand (5) Gand (H)- a valid conclusion Pm. ‘the_petlewing pemew - dv(ns) , tron, “(paq) qv (m5) (qeeer Prumne ny? iver uemeit phjpnélive Sllegein wing Uanel 2), jiven PUTA : pote cal Syllegeorn tasty Hand 5) LL conclsienr Jae the gover gem ry ALARAT 9p Geer Peummit Giver Prurmist ca Sy ha onens Wsureg (SJand Pimp ifeation. using 0. Modus Tollens wsirg Modus Poruns using on sant at Hogs. wstrg hy and EA ode on and. ogee td whelher & & tv & Constdo_the lowing ciate cs en 5 el grace 7 at of i Graduate @ “Auihalid - i gt Sen. make Tun , 6 vn qe at al “y \ lt pi 1 will ge geod marke u Twill qnaduale : gu L wilt go bo Auwihalia « \ The above. angumfit~ ts © ‘the form. — oveg “qn. c fon Pest ‘lable. bo 7 the —? ‘the argument - . oy n “4 POY qr oan TTT F T T F tt be ok ad can oe TTF F OC B® tre taste thet “eat the, mM FT T am] (tT) CF) anc the eenelerton ve) TRF + T - T Wi Mew 2nd but nét-en Sra ' I 7 F f tT fp Meee, the ig umartt & not vated F F T FRFT 7 z F FRF 7 xe Cheek ey 7 lowing arg giant t= ‘ (pagy—nr 7 (nag) Taam k- Qrqr> (qar) 1 nq Gere Promeie 2 n—(m0q) Absenpl hen, ting (L) 5 prquon 4 Gen. Tbeomit © (pag) (mag) Hypothaicad Syllegism uning (And 24 fie ink pan) Geven. Franc! ” “9 ep 4 pothelial Syltegism weeny (4Aand(T) & Greve. the pw ih geen. Stet a Cprqpat a, (pryntqvas Ke (qs) } emdacqrn) & Cleren. rem vr) feidien. 1 ; Cpr) Goole pant weg + (qe) Conilourélive. dilemma using (2) and (34 Bet 4 eet Tt hand. and I have. 1 beebme an © incer then be he Then, eneert: he ont d nat et ala fe oes at ty hand 4: i‘ have “tater. i ML: TE wilt become ar © nee 8: T wilt be happy (po prr nb nga (ev “q) 1 (png even e 2 18 even. : (pq 3 Hypothetecat Syllegism 4 apm ner ConiVoapostlive— 5 Paoune vnq, De Mon nf law Hence , hy oueles ¢ wunet, the grven. 0 minh & valid Prove. ‘the. vali op au umenl poe = awe opine! ash J t ‘ = + sida 1 nq a nq eesilsrapoaitive. 3 any 4 goon Ny pothilécal Sytlogiam using (BJancd C) 5 Soe “p df of centsnpoaive. 9 «. q a Hodues Poruns series 15 £ tt maqumenl $7 |= Be Check the val 7 I peed aye amen oe ay qe 1 Saad - < aiptpfeon - “p using pectles 5Jyand (6) "ayy : (qo) yA (wy 4 Wow) ‘ ey igiesdion 5 (qm sre Conjunction. wari (2) and (4) buoy awe + qu Gyuven @ nvV conitouithive. dilemma using (5) and (tJ. Foust Gnden leq — t the extension repos rons ‘ and. quenttfys the prepeniinw pt rte Predécate Cabcerber — 5 q oposttional. cabcerbers triste eaters allows uw bo manip eatin pgm or aomtthareg « J Forex Cxample. s— con Hai ‘two ee or ostbons $— toad iors The two poo . ee neopeasibon™ x can an Ny ey a mas fperviow, pee hee atha ob prrcpeat on eel and a 4 ha | pe since tf deseratbes the a ee Jeremrerbiscibeén by dis upset catente,! (og G celle predical variable, waht. re can fly’ & muepouserck by OCw). e Untverse o ee — th the siF of ate (Pesicble. Vakeus that can be. sub hostel é place op (prucicate vaticble . Feou Eraripte. PC) 2 can fle UD» the ak of att beads which cant weve ep Gens —Th two lye eo vitipees See ewes Sune MRS SB stp us % Desi Suaifo Univeral @; to - lel POU be a. prepositinal Punchion deperitel ond A. Consider expeutiin — oy ad a - (Arc ER) POD ov We Pla) —— 0) ‘| How, the _ MF is orad as “ler alt” on “torr everur and & cated | aniveval. vr. Thin, stabemeril (1) & cua as ge eveuy ath, Pl) & bude” 7 Edtettiat 6 tt BlU be a prepositional. Price deferaet on acl O. Consédlen_ the expeunsion — (Fe EB)Gin) or Ix GlY ——() sages jeg Ft swad as for some. or for atleailene ortho & caltel. Existential SeeiBi pion. Tin, atclimunt (2) & oe Fon some 2EB, Gin) is Nole t- A value for which PCx) & Pate & catuck courte example. eller a j denny} aa me emery using quantipiens - 7 4 sluderit has wu : people: aac movilat vr ¢ alples ase sete. Seme. ers tet prime and. seme avr. cempasile v / Play: 2b ehatkboasd. | b. 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