• The process of communication is what

allows us to interact with other people;

without it, we would be unable to share
knowledge or experiences with anything
Communication Skills outside of ourselves.

Dr Eman Eltahlawy • Common forms of communication include

speaking, writing, gestures, touch and
broadcasting.

• Communication is the process of sending and

receiving information among people.

• Communication skills are a set of activities that

ultimately make a quality public performance.
 Effective Communication
1. Completeness
2. Conciseness
3. Consideration
4. Clarity
5. Concreteness
6. Courtesy
7. Correctness

Completeness Conciseness
• The information conveyed in the message should
• Concise communication provides short and
be complete for the communication to be effective
essential message in limited words.
• The sender must take into consideration the
receiver's mind set and convey the message
accordingly. • Concise message is more appealing and
comprehensive to the audience.
• Complete information always gives additional
information wherever required, it leaves no
question in the minds of the receiver. • Concise messages are non repetitive in nature.
• Complete information helps in better decision
making
 ‫ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬Consideration Clarity
• Effective communication must take audience into • Clarity implies emphasizing on a specific goal or
consideration by knowing the viewpoints, back objective at a time, rather than trying to move away
ground, mindset, educational level, etc. from track.

• Clarity helps to understand the message easily.

• Consideration ensures that the self respect of the
audience is maintained and their emotions are not
harmed. • Complete clarity of thoughts and ideas enhances the
meaning of message.

• Consider the needs and requirements of the • Clarity comes with the use of exact, appropriate and
audience to achieve effective communication. concrete words.

‫ واﻗﻌﯿﺔ‬Concreteness ‫ ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬Courtesy
• Concrete communication implies being particular • Courtesy means being polite, kind, judicious,
and clear rather being fuzzy and general. enthusiastic and convincing.

• Concrete communication shows good level of

confidence. • Courtesy reflects the nature and character of
the sender of the message.
• Concrete information helps to strengthen the
reputation of the organization. • It is the same as give respect and then expect
the same.
• Concrete information cannot be misinterpreted.
 ‫ اﻟﺼﺢ‬Correctness
• Communication skills involve listening,
• Correctness in the communication implies speaking, observing and empathizing.
that the correct information is conveyed
through message. • It is also helpful to understand the differences
in how to communicate through face-to-face
• Correct information includes the precision and interactions, phone conversations and
accurateness of facts and figures used in the digital communications, like email and
message social media.

Communication Skill #1 - Thinking

• You may not recognize thinking as being a
communication skill, but having a clear idea of
symbolic internal reality
• you want to convey to another person or
group of people is the beginning of effective
communication.
• If you don’t have the idea straight in your own
mind, don’t be surprised if others get a
different idea from your communication than
what you thought you intended to say.
 Communication Skill #2 – Listening • Effective listening is the ability to focus
completely on a speaker, understand their
• Effective listening allows you to enter the message, comprehend the information and
reality of the other person and understand what respond thoughtfully.
their internal symbolic reality is. Only when you Important of Effective Listening :
do this are you able to communicate effectively  It helps you build connections.
by understanding what they are sharing with  It helps you build trust.
you, even if it is very different from your  It helps you identify and solve problems.
personal perspective.  It helps you increase your knowledge and
understanding of various topics.
 It helps you avoid missing critical information.

• Ask specific probing questions. Ask direct

Verbal active listening skills questions that guide the reader to provide more
details about the information they’ve shared or
• Paraphrase. Summarize the main point(s) of the
message the speaker shared to show you fully
narrow down a broad subject or topic.
understand their meaning. This will also give the
speaker an opportunity to clarify vague information or • Use short verbal affirmations. Short, positive
expand their message.
statements will help the speaker feel more
comfortable and show you’re engaged and able
• Ask open-ended questions. Ask questions that show
you’ve gathered the essence of what they’ve shared, to process the information they’re providing.
and guides them into sharing additional information. Small verbal affirmations help you continue the
Make sure these questions cannot be answered with a conversation without interrupting the speaker or
simple “yes” or “no disrupting their flow
• Display empathy. Make sure the speaker Non-verbal active listening skills
understands you’re able to recognize their
emotions and share their feelings. By showing • Nod. Offering the speaker a few simple nods shows
compassion, rather than just feeling it, you’re you understand what they’re saying. A nod is a
able to connect with the speaker and begin helpful, supportive cue, and doesn’t necessarily
establishing a sense of mutual trust. communicate that you agree with the speaker—only
that you’re able to process the meaning of their
• Share similar experiences. Discussing message.
comparable situations will not only show the • Smile. Like a nod, a small smile encourages a speaker
speaker you’ve successfully interpreted their to continue. However, unlike a nod, it communicates
message, but it can also assist in building you agree with their message or you’re happy about
relationships. If the speaker has shared a what they have to say. A smile can take the place of
problem, providing input from how you solved a short verbal affirmation in helping to diffuse any
similar challenges is valuable to others. tension and ensure the speaker feels comfortable.

• Avoid distracted movements. Being still can

communicate focus. To do this, try and avoid
movements like glancing at your watch or phone,
audibly sighing, doodling or tapping a pen. You
should also avoid exchanging verbal or non-
verbal communications with others listening to
the speaker. This can make the speaker feel
frustrated and uncomfortable.

• Maintain eye contact. Always keep your eyes on

the speaker and avoid looking at other people or
objects in the room. Just be sure to keep your
gaze natural, using nods and smiles to ensure
you’re encouraging them rather than making the
speaker feel intimidated or uneasy.
 Communication Skill #4 – Non-verbal
Communication Skill #3 – Speaking Communication
• The third communication skill that leads to • Nonverbal communication is the
effective communication is your selection of communication skill that usually receives little
words and the voice tones that you use thought because it happens automatically. We
when you speak them actually learn to communicate nonverbally at
a very young age ( a baby crying) and are able
to communicate quite effectively using only
nonverbal communication.

Non Verbal Body Language

• Non-verbal communication is when we
• Eyes, eyebrows, and mouth send out non verbal
communicate in ways other than using the signals that can make a world of difference.
spoken word.
• Communication pros use extensive eye contact
• Our bodies speak volumes. We are always helps you carry your message to each person in
sending signals to others, whether we like it or the audience and it builds trust.
not. • Speak with your hands.
• Body language combined with vocal tone can Draw lines in the air
easily override or even cancel the meaning of Make a point
the words we say Count on your fingers
Emphasize length and width
 Communication Process
Use non-verbal signals to be sincere and comfortable.
• Let your hands do what they want to do, as long
as they don't get in your pockets, fiddle with an
object, or make obscene gestures to your
audience.

• Your body posture affects your emotions and how

you feel determines your posture. If you are
confident, happy and ready, your body will show
it.

• Sender: The sender or the communicator is the • Message: Once the encoding is finished, the sender gets
person who initiates the conversation and has the message that he intends to convey. The message can
be written, oral, symbolic or non-verbal such as body
conceptualized the idea that he intends to convey gestures, silence, sighs, sounds, etc. or any other signal
it to others. that triggers the response of a receiver.

• Communication Channel: The Sender chooses the medium

• Encoding: The sender begins with the encoding through which he wants to convey his message to the
process wherein he uses certain words or non- recipient. It must be selected carefully in order to make the
verbal methods such as symbols, signs, body message effective and correctly interpreted by the
recipient. The choice of medium depends on the
gestures, etc. to translate the information into a interpersonal relationships between the sender and the
message. The sender’s knowledge, skills, receiver and also on the urgency of the message being
perception, background, competencies, etc. has a sent. Oral, virtual, written, sound, gesture are some of the
great impact on the success of the message. commonly used communication mediums.
• Receiver: The receiver is the person for whom the • Feedback: The Feedback is the final step of the
message is intended or targeted. He tries to process that ensures the receiver has received
comprehend it in the best possible manner such that
the communication objective is attained. The degree the message and interpreted it correctly as it
to which the receiver decodes the message depends was intended by the sender. It increases the
on his knowledge of the subject matter, experience, effectiveness of the communication as it
trust and relationship with the sender permits the sender to know the efficacy of his
message. The response of the receiver can be
• Decoding: Here, the receiver interprets the sender’s verbal or non-verbal.
message and tries to understand it in the best
possible manner. An effective communication occurs
only if the receiver understands the message in The Noise shows the barriers in communications.
exactly the same way as it was intended by the There are chances when the message sent by the
sender. sender is not received by the recipient

Communication Barriers
Over coming the barriers of
effective communication
 What is health education ?
• Process that informs, motivates, and helps • health education is a matter of teaching the
people to adopt and maintain healthy community and the individual how to guard
practices and life styles. against health hazards.

• Health education is any combination of

learning experiences designed to help • Health education is that process by which
individuals and communities improve their persons become aware of health needs and
health, by increasing their knowledge or practices which they may establish to meet
influencing their attitudes. these needs.

• "any combination of planned learning Objectives of Health Education

experiences based on sound theories that
provide individuals, groups, and communities They are knowledge , attitude and practice
the opportunity to acquire information and • Knowledge :is set of understanding and
the skills needed to make quality health information
decisions.“ • Attitude : is reflection of learning tenancy or
intentions
• Education that increases the awareness and • Practice : are observable actions of individual
favorably influences the attitudes and in response to stimulus
knowledge relating to the improvement of
health on a personal or community basis.
The ultimate goal of health education is: Components of Health Education
• Improve the health of the individual and community
level.
• reduce the incidence of disease.
• Reduction of disabilities and deaths.
• Improve the quality of life for the individual and
society

Need for health education

Everyone needs health education to young and old,
men and women, educated and illiterate as it works to
improve the awareness and raise the level of interest
and awareness among all segments of society.

Materials used for Health education

Health Education Message
message
• Should address the problem we concern This considered as technical aid for deliver the
message it can be
• In simple local word or language
 Chalk and board
• Clear message  Flip chart
• Does not contradict with religions  Overhead projector
• Physically accessible  Hand out and written materials
• Acceptable socially and religious  Video and graph
• Cheap and doable  Film
 Cassettes and tapes
 Methods of Health Education
• Materials for special groups should be • One to one ( in private session ) called
innovative and creative: counseling
- For children Puppest , songs , cartons drawing • One to more than one
, puzzles - Seminar
- For teenagers competitions , games , social - Lecture
media , mobile app , computer games - Group discussion
- Public speak

• Indirect Education ( Mass Media ):

-TV
-Radio
-Newspaper
-Magazines
• E health and Mobile Health
The message delivered through internet on social
media pages of the internet