P1 Questions:
1. A car of mass 1000 kg moves with a velocity of 20 m/s. What is its momentum?
A) 20,000 kg m/s
B) 10,000 kg m/s
C) 5000 kg m/s
D) 2000 kg m/s
2. Which of the following correctly defines momentum?
A) Mass � Acceleration
B) Mass � Velocity
C) Force � Time
D) Velocity � Time
3. If the momentum of an object doubles while its mass remains constant, what
happens to its velocity?
A) It remains the same
B) It doubles
C) It halves
D) It becomes zero
4. A ball of mass 2 kg moving at 5 m/s collides with a stationary ball of mass 3
kg. If they stick together, what will be their final velocity?
A) 2 m/s
B) 3 m/s
C) 4 m/s
D) 5 m/s
5. A bullet of mass 0.05 kg is fired at 400 m/s from a gun of mass 2 kg. What is
the recoil velocity of the gun?
A) 5 m/s
B) 10 m/s
C) 20 m/s
D) 25 m/s
6. The total momentum of a system remains constant unless:
A) An external force acts on it
B) The mass increases
C) The velocity remains constant
D) The system is in motion
7. A 1500 kg truck moving at 15 m/s collides with a stationary 500 kg car. If they
stick together, what is their final velocity?
A) 7.5 m/s
B) 10 m/s
C) 12 m/s
D) 15 m/s
8. A force of 200 N acts on an object for 0.2 s. What is the change in momentum?
A) 20 kg m/s
B) 40 kg m/s
C) 50 kg m/s
D) 100 kg m/s
9. Newton's Second Law states that force is equal to:
A) Mass � Velocity
B) Mass � Acceleration
C) Acceleration � Time
D) Impulse � Time
10. A 3 kg trolley is moving at 6 m/s. How much force is required to stop it in 3
seconds?
A) 6 N
B) 4 N
C) 3 N
D) 2 N
11. What happens to momentum when a moving car suddenly stops?
A) It disappears
B) It transfers to the surroundings
C) It remains the same
D) It doubles
12. Which of these examples shows the conservation of momentum?
A) A person jumping off a boat and the boat moves backward
B) A car moving at a constant speed
C) A ball rolling down a slope
D) A stone falling freely
13. What is the unit of momentum?
A) N
B) kg m/s
C) m/s�
D) N s
14. A moving cart has 60 kg m/s momentum. If its velocity is doubled, what happens
to its momentum?
A) Increases to 120 kg m/s
B) Decreases to 30 kg m/s
C) Remains 60 kg m/s
D) Increases to 90 kg m/s
15. A car crashes into a barrier and stops in 0.5 s. If its initial momentum was
800 kg m/s, what was the average force exerted?
A) 1600 N
B) 1200 N
C) 800 N
D) 400 N
16. Which factor does not affect momentum?
A) Mass
B) Velocity
C) Time
D) None of the above
17. A force of 100 N is applied to a 50 kg object for 5 s. What is the impulse?
A) 500 N s
B) 250 N s
C) 100 N s
D) 50 N s
18. What is the main purpose of airbags in cars?
A) To reduce the force by increasing the stopping time
B) To increase momentum
C) To make the car stop faster
D) To reduce the car's mass
19. A 20 kg object moves at 5 m/s. What is its momentum?
A) 10 kg m/s
B) 50 kg m/s
C) 100 kg m/s
D) 200 kg m/s
20. A gun of mass 2 kg fires a bullet of mass 0.1 kg at 300 m/s. What is the recoil
velocity of the gun?
A) -5 m/s
B) -10 m/s
C) -15 m/s
D) -20 m/s
21. What is impulse equal to?
A) Force � Time
B) Mass � Acceleration
C) Mass � Velocity
D) Force � Time
22. A force of 500 N acts on a body for 0.4 s. What is the impulse?
A) 100 N s
B) 150 N s
C) 200 N s
D) 250 N s
23. If an object experiences an impulse of 60 N s and its mass is 3 kg, what is the
change in velocity?
A) 10 m/s
B) 15 m/s
C) 20 m/s
D) 30 m/s
24. A car crashes into a barrier, reducing its speed from 30 m/s to 0 in 1.5 s. If
the car has a mass of 1000 kg, what is the force exerted?
A) 10,000 N
B) 20,000 N
C) 30,000 N
D) 40,000 N
25. Which of the following statements about impulse is true?
A) A longer collision time reduces the force experienced
B) Impulse is the rate of change of force
C) Impulse is independent of force
D) Impulse is always negative
26. The force-time graph of a collision is a triangle with a base of 0.2 s and a
peak of 600 N. What is the impulse?
A) 30 N s
B) 60 N s
C) 90 N s
D) 120 N s
27. A ball of mass 0.2 kg hits a wall with a velocity of 10 m/s and bounces back
with the same speed. What is the total impulse given to the ball?
A) 2 N s
B) 4 N s
C) 6 N s
D) 8 N s
28. A bat applies a force of 50 N on a ball for 0.05 s. What is the impulse?
A) 1.5 N s
B) 2.5 N s
C) 3.5 N s
D) 5.5 N s
29. Which of these is an example of impulse in daily life?
A) A person pushing a car
B) A boxer pulling back his hand after punching
C) A child running at a constant speed
D) A car moving at a constant velocity
30. A 5 kg object initially at rest experiences an impulse of 25 N s. What is its
final velocity?
A) 2 m/s
B) 5 m/s
C) 8 m/s
D) 10 m/s
31. A tennis player hits a ball with a racket, exerting a force of 300 N for 0.02
s. What is the impulse?
A) 4 N s
B) 5 N s
C) 6 N s
D) 8 N s
32. A force-time graph shows a force applied for 3 seconds. The area under the
graph represents:
A) Momentum
B) Work done
C) Impulse
D) Power
33. A 0.15 kg cricket ball moving at 20 m/s is brought to rest by a player in 0.1
s. What is the average force exerted by the player?
A) 10 N
B) 20 N
C) 30 N
D) 40 N
34. The time taken to stop a moving object is increased to reduce:
A) Momentum
B) Acceleration
C) Force experienced
D) Velocity
35. Airbags in a car work by:
A) Increasing stopping time to reduce force
B) Decreasing stopping time to reduce force
C) Increasing impact force
D) Reducing momentum
36. A car of mass 800 kg moving at 25 m/s comes to rest in 4 s. What is the force
applied?
A) 4000 N
B) 5000 N
C) 6000 N
D) 8000 N
37. A basketball of mass 0.6 kg moving at 5 m/s hits a wall and rebounds at the
same speed. What is the impulse delivered by the wall?
A) 3 N s
B) 6 N s
C) 9 N s
D) 12 N s
38. A person jumps from a height and bends their knees while landing. This action:
A) Decreases momentum
B) Increases force
C) Increases stopping time to reduce force
D) Increases impact
39. A 50 kg athlete running at 8 m/s stops in 2 s. What force was applied to stop
them?
A) 100 N
B) 150 N
C) 200 N
D) 400 N
40. An impulse of 36 N s is given to a 6 kg ball. What is the velocity change?
A) 4 m/s
B) 6 m/s
C) 8 m/s
D) 10 m/s
P2 Questions:
1. A 1500 kg car moves at 20 m/s. It collides with a wall and stops in 0.5 s.
Calculate:
a) The initial momentum of the car. (2)
b) The force exerted by the wall. (2)
2. A bullet of mass 50 g is fired at 300 m/s. It embeds itself into a stationary
wooden block of mass 4.95 kg. Calculate the velocity of the combined system after
impact. (3)
3. Two ice skaters, one with mass 60 kg and the other with mass 80 kg, push off
each other. The 60 kg skater moves at 3 m/s. Calculate the velocity of the 80 kg
skater. (3)
4. Explain how Newton's Second Law relates to momentum change in a moving vehicle.
(3)
5. A train of mass 5000 kg moving at 15 m/s collides with a stationary wagon of
mass 2000 kg. They stick together. Find their velocity after the collision. (3)
6. A ball of mass 0.2 kg moving at 5 m/s hits a wall and rebounds with the same
speed. Calculate:
a) The initial and final momentum. (2)
b) The change in momentum. (2)
7. A force-time graph for a collision has a peak of 2000 N and a duration of 0.2 s.
Calculate the impulse. (2)
8. Explain why a gymnast bends their knees when landing. (2)
9. A 5000 kg truck moving at 25 m/s applies brakes and stops in 5 s. Calculate the
braking force. (3)
10. A 2 kg trolley moving at 4 m/s collides with a 1 kg stationary trolley. They
stick together after collision. Calculate their common velocity. (3)
11. A rubber ball of mass 0.5 kg hits the ground with 8 m/s and bounces back with 6
m/s. Calculate the impulse given by the ground. (3)
12. A 10 kg object moving at 3 m/s collides elastically with a 5 kg object at rest.
After the collision, the 10 kg object moves at 1 m/s. Find the velocity of the 5 kg
object. (3)
13. A soccer player kicks a ball of mass 0.4 kg, giving it a velocity of 12 m/s. If
the foot was in contact for 0.02 s, calculate the force applied. (3)
14. A 2 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides with a 3 kg object moving in the
opposite direction at 5 m/s. The objects stick together after collision. Find their
final velocity. (3)
15. A force of 200 N is applied for 0.5 s to a 10 kg box. Calculate:
a) The impulse. (2)
b) The velocity change. (2)
16. A person jumps from a height and lands on a cushion instead of a hard floor.
Explain how impulse is related to the force experienced. (3)
17. A moving car of mass 1200 kg applies brakes and decelerates at 4 m/s�.
Calculate the braking force. (2)
18. Two trolleys of masses 2 kg and 3 kg move towards each other at 6 m/s and 4
m/s, respectively. They stick together after collision. Calculate their final
velocity. (3)
19. A person throws a ball of mass 0.2 kg at 15 m/s. If the person's hand exerts a
force of 30 N, find the time for which the force acts. (3)
20. An astronaut in space throws a tool of mass 2 kg at 10 m/s. If the astronaut
has a mass of 80 kg, calculate their recoil velocity. (2)
21. A bat applies a force of 300 N on a ball for 0.02 s. Find the impulse. (2)
22. Explain why airbags are used in cars based on impulse concepts. (3)
23. A force-time graph shows a force of 400 N acting for 0.05 s. Calculate the
impulse. (2)
24. A 2 kg object moving at 4 m/s stops in 0.1 s due to an opposing force. Find the
force applied. (3)
25. A tennis ball of mass 0.3 kg moving at 8 m/s is stopped by a racket in 0.02 s.
Calculate the average force applied by the racket. (3)
26. A bullet of mass 5 g moving at 400 m/s is stopped by a wall in 0.001 s. Find
the force exerted by the wall. (3)
27. A force of 500 N acts for 0.2 s on a moving object. Find the change in
momentum. (2)
28. A hammer of mass 2 kg moving at 5 m/s hits a nail and stops in 0.01 s.
Calculate the force exerted by the nail. (3)
29. A moving car crashes into a barrier and stops in 0.5 s. Explain how increasing
stopping time reduces impact force. (3)
30. A baseball of mass 0.15 kg moving at 20 m/s is hit by a bat and moves in the
opposite direction at 30 m/s. Find the impulse given. (3)
31. A moving object with mass 10 kg has an impulse of 40 N s. Calculate the
velocity change. (2)
32. A car of mass 800 kg moving at 20 m/s is brought to rest in 4 s. Calculate the
force applied. (3)
33. A ball of mass 0.6 kg moving at 5 m/s rebounds at the same speed. Find the
total impulse delivered by the ground. (3)
34. A goalkeeper catches a football of mass 0.5 kg moving at 15 m/s. If he stops it
in 0.3 s, find the force applied. (3)
35. A 20 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides elastically with a 10 kg object at
rest. The 20 kg object slows down to 4 m/s. Find the velocity of the 10 kg object.
(3)
36. A force of 250 N acts for 0.3 s on a 5 kg object. Calculate the final velocity
if it was initially at rest. (3)
37. A force-time graph shows a peak force of 1000 N over 0.15 s. Find the impulse.
(2)
38. A ball of mass 0.2 kg is moving at 10 m/s. It is stopped by a player's hand in
0.05 s. Calculate the force exerted by the hand. (3)
39. A car crashes into a barrier, reducing speed from 25 m/s to 0 in 2.5 s. If its
mass is 1500 kg, find the force exerted by the barrier. (3)
40. Explain how a crumple zone in cars reduces the force of impact during a crash.
(3)
ANSWER KEY:
P1:
Q#AnswerQ#AnswerQ#AnswerQ#Answer1A11B21A31B2B12A22C32C3B13B23A33D4A14A24B34C5C15A25
A35A6A16C26B36B7B17A27B37B8B18A28B38C9B19B29B39C10A20A30B40B
P2:
1. a) Initial momentum = (1500 kg � 20 m/s) = 30,000 kg m/s
b) Force = Change in momentum / time = (30,000 - 0) / 0.5 = 60,000 N
Explanation: Since the car comes to a stop, final momentum is zero. The force is
calculated using Newton's Second Law in terms of momentum change.
2. (0.05 kg � 300 m/s) + (4.95 kg � 0 m/s) = (5 kg � v)
v = 3 m/s
Explanation: The bullet embeds into the block, making it a perfectly inelastic
collision. Conservation of momentum applies.
3. (60 � 3) = (80 � v) ? v = 2.25 m/s
Explanation: This follows the law of conservation of momentum, where total momentum
before equals total momentum after.
4. Newton's Second Law states F = ?p/?t. This shows that the force on an object
depends on the rate of momentum change.
5. (5000 � 15) + (2000 � 0) = (7000 � v) ? v = 10.71 m/s
Explanation: Since two objects stick together after collision, it is an inelastic
collision.
6. a) Initial: (0.2 � 5) = 1 kg m/s | Final: (0.2 � -5) = -1 kg m/s
b) ?p = Final - Initial = -1 - 1 = -2 kg m/s
Explanation: Negative sign indicates direction change.
7. Impulse = Force � Time = (2000 � 0.2) = 400 N s
Explanation: Impulse-momentum theorem states that impulse equals change in
momentum.
8. Bending knees increases stopping time, reducing impact force (F = ?p/?t).
9. Force = (5000 � 25) / 5 = 25,000 N
Explanation: Using F = ?p/?t, where ?p = m � ?v.
10. (2 � 4) + (1 � 0) = (3 � v) ? v = 2.67 m/s
11. Impulse = ?p = m(v_f - v_i) = (0.5)(6 - (-8)) = 7 N s
Explanation: Taking direction into account, initial velocity is negative.
12. (10 � 3) + (5 � 0) = (10 � 1) + (5 � v) ? v = 4 m/s
13. Impulse = ?p = (0.4 � 12) = 4.8 N s
Force = Impulse / Time = 4.8 / 0.02 = 240 N
14. (2 � 10) + (3 � -5) = (5 � v) ? v = 1 m/s
15. a) Impulse = (200 � 0.5) = 100 N s
b) ?v = 100 / 10 = 10 m/s
16. Cushions increase stopping time, decreasing force (F = ?p/?t).
17. Force = 1200 � -4 = -4800 N
18. (2 � 6) + (3 � -4) = (5 � v) ? v = 0.4 m/s
19. ?p = (0.2 � 15) = 3 N s
Time = 3 / 30 = 0.1 s
20. (2 � 10) = (80 � v) ? v = 0.25 m/s
21. Impulse = 300 � 0.02 = 6 N s
22. Airbags increase stopping time, reducing force (F = ?p/?t).
23. Impulse = 400 � 0.05 = 20 N s
24. Force = ?p / ?t = (2 � 4) / 0.1 = 80 N
25. Force = (0.3 � -8) / 0.02 = -120 N
26. Force = (0.005 � 400) / 0.001 = 2000 N
Explanation: Small mass but very short time results in high force.
27. Impulse = 500 � 0.2 = 100 N s
28. Force = (2 � -5) / 0.01 = -1000 N
29. Increasing stopping time reduces force (F = ?p/?t).
30. ?p = (0.15 � (-30 - 20)) = -7.5 N s
Explanation: Since impulse is negative, velocity direction reversed.
31. ?v = Impulse / mass = 40 / 10 = 4 m/s
32. Force = (800 � -20) / 4 = -4000 N
33. ?p = (0.6 � (-5 - 5)) = -6 N s
34. Force = (0.5 � -15) / 0.3 = -25 N
35. (20 � 10) + (10 � 0) = (20 � 4) + (10 � v) ? v = 12 m/s
36. v = (250 � 0.3) / 5 = 15 m/s
37. Impulse = 1000 � 0.15 = 150 N s
38. Force = (0.2 � -10) / 0.05 = -40 N
39. Force = (1500 � -25) / 2.5 = -15,000 N
Explanation: Large mass and high-speed change result in high force.
40. Crumple zones increase stopping time, reducing force (F = ?p/?t).
PHYSICS: QUESTIONS ( P1 & P2 )
