Class Notes
Coordinate Geometry
Grade 9
Topics Covered
1 Cartesian System
1.1 Axes and Origin
1.2 Quadrants
2 Coordinates of a point
2.1 Abscissa and
Ordinate
2.2 Identifying
Coordinates of a Point
3 Plotting a point in a
Plane
Mind Map
Axes and
Origin
Quadrants
COORDINATE
GEOMETRY
Plotting a
Cartesian
Point in a
System
Plane
Coordinates
of a Point
Identifying
Abscissa and
Coordinates of a
Ordinate
Point
1. Cartesian System
7
Quadrant II Quadrant I
6
(−, +) 5 (+, +)
4
3
2
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1
x′ 0 x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-1
Quadrant III -2
Quadrant IV
(−, −) -3 (+, −)
-4
-5
-6
-7
y′
1.1 Axes and the Origin
• X′X is called the x-axis.
• Y′Y is called the y -axis.
• The point where X′X and Y′Y intersect is
called the origin (O).
1.2 Quadrants
• The axes divide the plane into four parts.
• These four parts are called the quadrants
numbered I, II, III, and IV.
2. Coordinates of a Point
y x - coordinate
or Abscissa
7
6
5
P (4, 4)
4
3
2
1
y - coordinate
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
x′ x or Ordinate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
y′
2.1 Determining Coordinates of a Point
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
The x - coordinate The y - coordinate To write the
of a point is its of a point is its coordinates of a
perpendicular perpendicular point, the x -
distance from the distance from the coordinate comes
y - axis measured x - axis measured first, and then the
along the x - axis. along the y - axis. y - coordinate.
2.2 Abscissa and Ordinate
• The x - coordinate is also called the abscissa.
• The y - coordinate is also called the ordinate.
3. Plotting a Point in the Plane
7
6
5
P (4, 4)
4
3
2
-7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1
x′ x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-1 A
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
y′
Plot the point P (4, 4) in the Cartesian Plane.
Step 1
Determine the quadrant in which the point lies. P lies in the 1st
quadrant, since both the coordinates of P are positive.
Step 2
Starting from the origin O, count 4 units on the positive x - axis and
mark the corresponding point as A.
Step 3
Starting from A, move in the positive direction of the y - axis and count
4 units and mark the corresponding point as P.
