Grid Impact Study Compliance Checklist

This document provides a structured checklist for reviewing grid impact studies globally. It
includes key simulations, compliance parameters, and examples for better interpretation.

1. Load Flow Analysis

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Verify active and reactive Example: PV plant exports
power flows at Point of 50 MW active and 5 MVAR
Connection (POC). reactive power at POC.
2. Check voltage profiles at all Example: Voltage at 33kV
buses (must be within bus = 1.02 pu (within ±10%
allowable limits). limit).
3. Confirm transformer Example: Site-specific case
loading and MV/HV cable study.
sizing.
4. Ensure compliance with Example: Site-specific case
grid voltage limits (e.g., study.
±10% of nominal voltage).

2. Short Circuit Analysis

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Determine maximum and Example: 3-phase fault
minimum short circuit current = 20 kA, SLG fault
currents at POC. current = 15 kA.
2. Check compliance with grid Example: Site-specific case
code-defined fault current study.
levels.
3. Assess impact of fault Example: Site-specific case
contribution from PV study.
inverters.
4. Ensure protection devices Example: Site-specific case
are rated for expected study.
short-circuit currents.

3. Voltage & Frequency Stability

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Analyze system response to Example: Site-specific case
sudden load and generation study.
variations.
2. Verify compliance with Rate Example: Site-specific case
of Change of Frequency study.
(RoCoF) limits.
3. Ensure frequency Example: Site-specific case
deviations remain within study.
acceptable grid code limits.
4. Assess impact of PV power Example: Site-specific case
 fluctuations on voltage study.
stability.

4. Harmonic & Power Quality Analysis

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Check Total Harmonic Example: THDv = 3.5%
Distortion (THD) of voltage (within IEEE 519 limit of
and current. 5%).
2. Assess compliance with Example: Site-specific case
IEEE 519, IEC 61000-3-6, or study.
local standards.
3. Identify harmonic Example: Site-specific case
resonance risks and study.
interharmonics.
4. Evaluate flicker and voltage Example: Site-specific case
fluctuations. study.

5. Transient Stability
Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Simulate three-phase and Example: 100 ms 3-phase
single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault at POC, inverter
faults. maintains stability.
2. Evaluate rotor angle Example: Site-specific case
stability for conventional study.
generators (if applicable).
3. Assess inverter-based Example: Site-specific case
resource (IBR) transient study.
behavior.
4. Check system damping Example: Site-specific case
characteristics and voltage study.
recovery time.

6. Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) & High Voltage Ride-Through (HVRT)

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Verify inverter capability to Example: PV inverter
remain connected during withstands 0.2 pu voltage
voltage sags and swells. dip for 500 ms.
2. Check compliance with Example: Site-specific case
national grid LVRT/HVRT study.
curves.
3. Assess reactive power Example: Site-specific case
support during fault events. study.
4. Ensure recovery within the Example: Site-specific case
required time limits post- study.
fault clearance.

7. Reactive Power & Power Factor Compliance

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Verify ability to regulate Example: Inverter provides
reactive power at POC. +10 MVAR reactive power
support at POC.
2. Check compliance with Example: Site-specific case
required power factor study.
range (e.g., 0.95 lagging to
leading).
3. Assess need for additional Example: Site-specific case
reactive power study.
compensation (STATCOM,
SVC, capacitor banks).
4. Evaluate inverter-based Example: Site-specific case
reactive power control study.
capabilities.

8. Inertia & Frequency Response

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Determine system inertia Example: System inertia
levels and impact of PV reduces from 6s to 4s after
plant on frequency stability. PV integration.
2. Assess need for synthetic Example: Site-specific case
inertia from grid-forming study.
inverters or BESS.
3. Analyze primary frequency Example: Site-specific case
response and droop control study.
capability.
4. Check response time for Example: Site-specific case
active power support after a study.
disturbance.

9. Protection Coordination
Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Ensure proper relay Example: Overcurrent relay
settings for grid protection. pickup set at 1.2x full load
current.
2. Verify coordination of Example: Site-specific case
overcurrent, differential, study.
and distance protection.
3. Check correct operation of Example: Site-specific case
anti-islanding schemes. study.
4. Assess fault clearing times Example: Site-specific case
and relay grading study.
coordination.

10. Grid Connection Studies

Parameter Verification Criteria Example
1. Evaluate compliance with Example: Grid code requires
grid interconnection 0.95 lagging to leading
 requirements. power factor at POC.
2. Confirm transformer vector Example: Site-specific case
group, grounding, and study.
earthing compatibility.
3. Analyze impact of PV plant Example: Site-specific case
on existing grid study.
infrastructure.
4. Ensure SCADA and Example: Site-specific case
communication system study.
integration with grid
operator.