A User-Oriented Image Retrieval System
ABSTRACT:
Digital image libraries and other multimedia databases have been
dramatically expanded in recent years. In order to effectively and precisely
retrieve the desired images from a large image database, the development of
a content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system has become an important
research issue. However, most of the proposed approaches emphasize on
finding the best representation for different image features. Furthermore,
very few of the representative works well consider the user’s subjectivity
and preferences in the retrieval process. In this paper, a user-oriented
mechanism for CBIR method based on an interactive genetic algorithm
(IGA) is proposed. Color attributes like the mean value, the standard
deviation, and the image bitmap of a color image are used as the features for
retrieval. In addition, the entropy based on the gray level co-occurrence
matrix and the edge histogram of an image is also considered as the texture
features. Furthermore, to reduce the gap between the retrieval results and the
users’ expectation, the IGA is employed to help the users identify the images
that are most satisfied to the users’ need. Experimental results and
comparisons demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
EXISTING SYSTEM:
In the existing system using IGA method faced a lot of disadvantage
in case of the image retrival.
More disadvantages are faced while considering more low-level
image descriptors or high-level semantics.
Efficiency is low, because RGB projections are not considered
properly.
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
In case of the proposed system we use the following method to
improve the efficiency. They are as follows.
We implemented our models in a CBIR system for a specific
application domain, the retrieval of coats of arms. We implemented
altogether various features, including a color histogram, symmetry
features.
Content-based image retrieval, uses the visual contents of an image
such as color, shape, texture, and spatial layout to represent and index
the image
MODULES:
1) RGB Projection
2) Image Utility
3) Comparable Image
4) Similarity Images
5) Result
MODULE DESCRIPTION:
1) Querying:
The user provides a sample image as the query for the system. In this
module, a UI is developed in such a way the user can easily upload the
sample image and query the system to retrieve the similar image from a
large content of database.
2) Similarity computation:
The system computes the similarity between the query image and the
database images according to the aforementioned low-level visual features.
a) RGB Projections:
The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green,
and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array
of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three
additive primary colors, red, green, and blue. The main purpose of the RGB
color model is for the sensing, representation, and display of images in
electronic systems, such as conventional photography.
In this module the RGB Projections is used to find the size of the image
vertically and horizontally.
b) Image Utility:
Whenever minimizing the error of classification is interesting for CBIR,
this criterion does not completely reflect the user satisfaction. Other utility
criteria Closer to this, such as precision, should provide more efficient
selections.
c) Comparable Image:
In this module a reselection technique to speed up the selection
process, which leads to a computational complexity negligible compared to
the size of the database for the whole active learning process. All these
components are integrated in our retrieval system, called RETIN and the
user gives new labels for images, and they are compared to the current
classification. If the user mostly gives relevant labels, the system should
propose new images for labeling around a higher rank to get more irrelevant
labels.
3) Retrieval:
The system retrieves and presents a sequence of images ranked in decreasing
order of similarity. As a result, the user is able to find relevant images by
getting the top-ranked images first.
4) Result:
Finally, the image will take the relevant image what the user search. One can
see that we have selected concepts of different levels of complexities. The
performances go from few percentages of Mean average precision to 89%.
The concepts that are the most difficult to retrieve are very small and/or have
a much diversified visual content. The method which aims at minimizing the
error of generalization is the less efficient active learning method. The most
efficient method is the precision- oriented method.
Graph:
This module is used to determine relationships between the two Images. The
precision and recall values are measured by simulating retrieval scenario.
For each simulation, an image category is randomly chosen. Next, 100
images are selected using active learning and labeled according to the
chosen category. These labeled images are used to train a classifier, which
returns a ranking of the database. The average precision is then computed
using the ranking. These simulations are repeated 1000 times, and all values
are averaged to get the Mean average precision. Next, we repeat ten times
these simulations to get the mean and the standard deviation of the MAP
Input/Output:
The image will take the relevant image what the user search. one can see that
we have selected concepts of different levels of complexities. The
performances go from few percentages of Mean average precision to 89%.
The concepts that are the most difficult to retrieve are very small and/or have
a very diversified visual content
Module Diagram:
Computing Similarity
Measure
Image Utility and
compare eg color
Average and graph
values
RGB
Projections
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
• SYSTEM : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz
• HARD DISK : 40 GB
• FLOPPY DRIVE : 1.44 MB
• MONITOR : 15 VGA colour
• MOUSE : Logitech.
• RAM : 256 MB
• KEYBOARD : 110 keys enhanced.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
• Operating system :- Windows XP Professional
• Front End :- Microsoft Visual Studio .Net 2008
• Coding Language : - C#
