CLASS 10

Class 10 - Science
Time Allowed: 30 minutes Maximum Marks: 155

Section A
1. In torches, search lights and head lights of vehicles, the bulb is placed: [1]

a) Very near to the focus b) Between the focus and the centre of
curvature

c) Between the pole and the focus d) At the centre of curvature

2. The laws of reflection hold good for [1]

a) all mirrors irrespective of their shape b) plane mirror only

c) concave mirror only d) convex mirror only

3. If two lenses of power P1 and P2 are put in contact, what will be the net power? [1]

a) P1 + P2 b) P1 - P2
P1
c) P2
d) P1 × P2

4. Power of a plane lens is ________. [1]

a) Zero b) Infinity

c) Negative d) Positive
5. If the angle of incidence is increased for a pair of air - glass interface, then the angle of refraction will [1]

a) remains the same b) decrease

c) increase d) first increases and then decreases

6. The speed of light in water is 2.25 × 108 m/s. If the speed of light in a vacuum be 3.00 × 108 m/s, the refractive [1]
index of water:

a) 1.32 b) 1.34

c) 1.33 d) 1.35
7. Refractive indices of water, sulphuric acid, glass, and carbon disulphide are 1.33, 1.43, 1.53, 1.63 respectively. [1]
The light travels slowest in:

a) carbon disulphide b) water

c) glass d) sulphutics acid

8. Which of the following can make a parallel beam of light when light from a point source is incident on it? [1]

a) Two plane mirrors placed at 90° to each b) Concave mirror as well as convex lens
other

c) Concave mirror as well as concave lens d) Convex mirror as well as concave lens

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 9. Refraction cannot cause bending as light moves from one surface to another if the incident and refraction angles [1]
i and r are related as:

a) i = r = 0o b) i ≠ r = 0o

c) i = r = 90o d) i = 0o = r = 90o

10. The refractive index (n) of a colourless, volatile, non-polar solvent is 1.24 to the refractive index of a solid ice [1]
cube. The unmitigated refractive index of the ice cube is 1.31. Enumerate the unmitigated refractive index of the
non-polar solvent.

a) 1.6522 b) 1.3241

c) 1.6244 d) 1.2401
11. A man stands 10 m in front of a large plane mirror. How far must he walk before he is 5 m away from his [1]
image?

a) 8.5 m b) 7.5 m

c) 8.0 m d) 7.0 m
12. An object of size 2.5 cm is kept perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave mirror. The distance of the [1]
object from the pole of the mirror equals the radius of curvature of the mirror. The size of the image formed is:

a) 5.0 cm b) 2.5 cm

c) 3.5 cm d) 1.25 cm
13. In the concave reflector of a torch, the bulb is placed: [1]

a) at the focus of reflector b) between the pole and focus of reflector

c) at the centre of curvature of reflector d) between focus and centre of curvature of

reflector
14. The nature of the image formed by the concave mirror when the object is placed between C and F is: [1]

a) Real and erect b) Real and Inverted

c) Virtual and erect d) Real and Virtual

15. If f1 and f2 are the focal lengths of two lenses, what is the relation for equivalent focal length? [1]

f +f 2f ×f
a) 1 2
b) 1 2

f1×f2 f1 +f2

f ×f
c) 1 2
d) 2(f1 +f2 )

f1 +f2 2f ×f
1 2

16. The refractive indices of four materials A, B, C, and D are 1.33, 1.43, 1.71, and 1.52 respectively. When the light [1]
rays pass from air into these materials, they refract the maximum in:

a) material C b) material B

c) material A d) material D
17. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? [1]

a) Clay b) Glass

c) Plastic d) Water
18. The lateral displacement of an incident ray passing out of a rectangular glass slab [1]

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 a) is directly proportional to the thickness of b) inversely proportional to the thickness of
the glass slab. the glass slab.

c) dependent of the thickness of the glass slab. d) independent of the thickness of the glass
slab.
19. A lens of focal length 'f ' is cut into two equal parts without affecting its curvature. The two pieces will have [1]
equal focal length of :
f
a) 2f b)
2

f
c) f d) 3

20. The angle of incidence for a ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror is: [1]

a) 0 degree b) 180 degree

c) 90 degree d) 45 degree
21. In an optics experiment, with the position of the object fixed, a student varies the position of a convex lens. A [1]
graph between the object distance u and the image distance v, from the lens, is plotted using the same scale for

the two axes. A straight line passing through the origin and making an angle of 45o with the x-axis meets the
experimental curve at P. The coordinates of P will be

a) (f, f) b) (4f, 4f)

c) ( d) (2f, 2f)
f f
, )
2 2

22. When an object is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a concave mirror, its image is formed at 10 cm in front of [1]
the mirror. The focal length of the mirror:

a) 6 cm b) 10 cm

c) 4 cm d) 8 cm
23. A ray of light passes from glass into air. The angle of refraction will be: [1]

a) 45 degrees b) greater than the angle of incidence

c) smaller than the angle of incidence d) equal to the angle of incidence

24. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object? [1]

a) Between the optical centre and the focus b) At 2F

c) At Infinity d) At focus
25. A student wants to obtain an erect image of an object using a concave mirror of 10 cm focal length. What will be [1]
the distance of the object from mirror?

a) 10 cm b) between 10 cm and 20 cm

c) Less than 10 cm d) more than 20 cm

26. When a concave mirror from a real and enlarged image of an object? [1]

a) when the object is placed at F b) when the object placed between F and C

c) when the object is placed at 2F d) when the object places between F and P
27. The image formed by a plane mirror is: [1]

a) virtual, behind the mirror, and of the same b) real, at the surface of the mirror, and

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 size as the object enlarged

c) real, behind the mirror, and of the same size d) virtual, behind the mirror, and enlarged
as the object
28. While positioning the pins, it is arranged such that [1]

a) the foots are in straight line b) the heads are in the straight line

c) the mid-points are in the straight line d) the foots are in perpendicular line
29. If the focal length of a convex mirror is 25 cm, what is its radius of curvature? [1]

a) 25 cm b) 100 cm

c) 75 cm d) 50 cm
30. A piece of red cloth when suitably illuminated may look black, but a piece of black cloth will never appear red. [1]
This phenomenon occurs because:

a) Red cloth reflects all colours b) Black cloth reflects all colours

c) Black cloth reflects only black light d) Black absorbs all the colours
Section B
31. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement? [2]
32. i. In refraction of light through a rectangular glass slab, the emergent ray is parallel to the direction of the [2]
incident ray. Why?
ii. What happens when a light ray is incident normally on one of the faces of a rectangular glass slab?
33. A teacher gives a convex lens and a concave mirror of focal length of 20 cm each to his student and asks him to [2]
find their focal lengths by obtaining the image of a distant object. The student uses a distant tree as the object
and obtains its sharp image, one by one, on a screen. The distances d1 and d2 between the lens/mirror and the

screen in the two cases and the nature of their respective sharp images are likely to be
a. (20 cm, 40 cm) and (erect and erect)
b. (20 cm, 40 cm) and (inverted and inverted)
c. (20 cm, 20 cm) and (inverted and inverted)
d. (20 cm, 40 cm) and (erect and inverted)
Give reason for your answer.
34. a. The figure shows the position of an object AB in relation to a converging lens whose foci are F1 and F2. [2]

Draw two rays to locate the position of image.

b. State three characteristics of image formed.

35. Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a convex mirror when an object is placed at finite distance [2]
from the mirror.
36. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -1. If the image is at a [2]
distance of 40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Where would the image be if the object is moved

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 20 cm towards the mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the new position of the object to justify
your answer.
37. Draw ray diagram showing the image formation by a concave mirror when an object placed at infinity. [2]
38. a. To get an enlarged, real and inverted image of an object by a concave mirror, where should the object be [2]
placed? Draw a labelled ray diagram to justify your answer.
b. If an object is placed at the centre of curvature of this mirror, what will be the magnification produced?
39. Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of a three times magnified [2]
i. real image,
ii. virtual image of an object kept in front of a converging lens. Mark the position of object, F, 2F, O and
position of image clearly in the diagram.
40. A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her [2]
body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. Explain the construction of the magic mirror using different
types of mirrors. Also, state the reasons in support of your answer.
41. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 15 cm. List four characteristics [2]
(nature, position, etc.) of the image formed by the lens.
42. Explain the term lateral inversion. [2]
43. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. where should [2]
be the position of object ?Justify your answer .
44. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the normal or away [2]
from the normal? Why?
45. A spherical mirror produces an image of magnification -1 on a screen placed at a distance of 50 cm from the [2]
mirror.
i. Write the type of mirror.
ii. Find the distance of the image from the object.
iii. What is the focal length of the mirror?
iv. Draw the ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.
Section C
46. "A concave mirror of focal length f can form a magnified, erect as well as an inverted image of an object placed [3]
in front of it." Justify this statement stating the position of object with respect to the mirror in each case for
obtaining these images.
47. Observe the following incomplete ray diagram of an object where the image A'B' is formed after refraction from [3]
a convex lens.

On the basic of above information fill in the blanks.

i. The position of object AB would have been...
ii. Size of the object would have been ... than the size of image.
48. How are the power and focal length of a lens related? You are provided with two lenses of focal length 20 cm [3]
and 40 cm respectively. Which lens will you use to obtain more convergent light?
49. i. What should be the position of the object when a concave mirror is to be used [3]

a. as a shaving mirror and

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 b. in torches producing parallel beam of light?
ii. A man standing in front of a mirror, finds his image having a very small head and legs of normal size. What
type of mirrors are used in designing such a mirror?
50. A pencil when dipped in water in a glass tumbler appears to be bent at the interface of air and water. Will the [3]
pencil to be bent to the same extent, if instead of water we use liquids like, kerosene or turpentine? Support your
answer with reasons.
51. Distinguish between real image and virtual image. [3]
52. What is atmospheric refraction? Explain with the help of a labelled diagram that the position of a star as seen by [3]
us is not its true position.
53. Differentiate between virtual image formed by a concave mirror and of a convex mirror. [3]
54. What should be the position of an object with respect to focus of a convex lens of focal length 20cm, so that its [3]
real and magnified image is obtained?
55. Distinguish between a convex lens and a concave lens. [3]
56. Sudha finds out that the sharp image of window pane of her science laboratory is formed at a distance of 15 cm [3]
from the lens. She now tries to focus the building visible of her outside the window instead of the window pane
without disturbing the lens. In which direction will she move the screen to obtain a sharp image of the building?
What is the approximate focal length of this lens?
57. i. Name the spherical mirror used as: [3]

a. shaving mirror
b. Rear view mirror in vehicles
c. Reflection in search-light.
ii. Write any three difference between a real and a virtual image.
58. The refractive indices 1.0003, 1.31 1.5 respectively of Air, Ice and Benzine in which of these does the light [3]
travels fastest?
59. How can you distinguish between plane mirror, convex mirror and concave mirror by merely looking at the [3]
image formed in each case?
60. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object? [3]
Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations.
Section D
61. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using a mirror. [5]
i. Which type of mirror should he use and why?
ii. At what distance, in terms of focal length f of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to get the
magnified image on the wall?
iii. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in this case.
iv. Can he use this mirror to project a diminished image of the candle flame on the same wall State 'how' , if
your answer is 'yes' and why not', if your answer is 'no'.

62. i. Define the following terms : [5]

a. Power of a lens
b. Principal focus of a concave mirror
ii. Write the relationship among the object distance (u), image distance (v) and the focal length (f) of a
a. Spherical lens

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 b. Spherical mirror
iii. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from optical centre of a convex lens of focal length 15 cm. Draw a
labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image in this case.
63. Define magnification of a spherical mirror. What will be the magnification in case of plane mirror? [5]
64. i. Define optical centre of spherical lens. [5]
ii. A divergent lens has a focal length of 20 cm. At what distance should an object of height 4 cm from the
optical centre of the lens be placed, so that its image is formed 10 cm away from the lens. Find the size of the
image also.
iii. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image in above situation.

65. a. With the help of diagram explain Isaac Newton’s experiment that led to the idea that the sunlight is made up [5]
of seven colours.
b. What is atmospheric refraction? List two natural phenomena based on atmospheric refraction.

66. a. Draw a ray diagram for showing the convergence of a parallel beam of light by a concave mirror and mark [5]
the positions of pole and the centre of curvature in it.
b. An object 4 cm in size is placed at 25 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. At what distance
from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image? Find the nature and size of the
image.
c. List any two uses of a concave mirror.
67. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm. [5]
i. What should be the range of distance of an object placed in front of the mirror?
ii. Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in this
case.
iii. Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw ray diagram for this
situation also to justify your answer. Show the positions of pole, principal focus and the centre of curvature
in the above ray diagrams.

68. a. Complete the following ray diagram: [5]

b. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed.

c. Use mirror formula to determine the magnification in this case.
69. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm can produce a magnified virtual as well as real image. Is this a correct [5]
statement? If yes, where shall the object be placed in each case for obtaining these images?
70. a. An object is placed in front of a convex lens of focal length f. If the distance of the object from the lens is 2f, [5]
draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image. State two characteristic of image formed.
b. A student has focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen using a convex lens. The situation is as
given below:
Length of the flame = 1.5 cm
Focal length of the lens = 12 cm

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Distance of the flame from the lens = 18 cm
If the flame is perpendicular to the principal axis of the lens, calculate the values of the following:
a. Distance of the image from the lens
b. Length of the image formed

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