CIRCULAR

MOTION 8

CONTENT
a) Synopsis............................................. 147 j) Horizontal Circle ............................. 155
b) Definition........................................... 148 k) Death Well Rotor ............................. 157
c) Constant Angular Velocity .................. 149 l) Vertical Circle ................................. 158
d) Constant Angular Acceleration ........... 151 m) Conical Pendulum ........................... 159
e) Angle between Acceleration & Velocity n) Banking .......................................... 160
.......................................................... 152 o) Range of Speeds .............................. 161
f) Variable Angular Acceleration ............ 153 p) Centrifugal Force ............................ 161
g) Radius of Curvature ........................... 153 q) Subjective Problems ...................... 162
h) Kinematics in Curvilinear Motion ....... 154 r) Answer Keys .................................. 167
i) Vehicle in Curved Path ....................... 154
 SYNOPSIS
1. : scalar : vector : vector
d d d
2. For variable  :    ;  .
dt d dt
3. Angular displacement is different for different observers in the same
reference frame.
     
4. v R a  R
2 2
 v 2   dv  dv 
5. aR  a  a       ;
t
2 2
r a   a cos   a  vˆ   R
 r   dt  dt
r: radius of curvature and not actually radius of wheel.
3/ 2
1   dy dx  2 
6. Radius of curvature in curvilinear path: Rc   2 2

d y /dx
ar
7. tan   a  a cos  ar  a sin 
a

ar
 v, a 
a
8. For solving dynamics question, always look for center of circle. Since
acceleration is towards center of circle and hence net force should be written
towards the center of circle.
g g
9. Conical Pendulum:  
l cos  l
10. Car on Banked Road: v  g r tan  for no friction to act
 tan    s   tan   s 
gr   v  gr 
 1   s tan    1  s tan  

147
 OBJECTIVE
Definition
1. What is 1 rev/min?
   30
(A) r/s (B) r/s (C) r/s (D) r/s
30 60 15 
2. An object follows a curved path. The following quantities may remain
constant during the motion.
(A) speed (B) velocity
(C) acceleration (D) magnitude of acceleration
3. When a particle moves in a circle with a uniform speed its
(A) velocity and acceleration are both constant
(B) velocity is constant but acceleration changes
(C) acceleration is constant but velocity changes
(D) velocity and acceleration both change.
4. Choose the correct statement(s):
(A) In uniform circular motion acceleration is constant.
(B) In uniform circular motion, angular acceleration is constant.
(C) In non-uniform circular motion acceleration is constant.
(D) In non-uniform circular motion, angular acceleration is constant.
5. The position vector of a particle in a circular motion about the origin sweeps
out equal area in equal time. Its
(A) velocity remains constant
(B) speed remains constant
(C) acceleration remains constant
(D) tangential acceleration remains constant.
6. A particle is moving along a curve. Then
(A) if its speed is constant it has no acceleration
 
(B) if its speed is increasing then v & a are parallel.
(C) acceleration  RC if its speed is constant.
(D) the direction of its acceleration cannot be along the tangent.

7. A person applies a constant force F on a particle of mass m and finds that
the particle moves in a circle of radius r with a uniform speed v as seen from
an inertial frame of reference.
(A) This is not possible.
(B) There are other forces on the particle.
m v2
(C) The resultant of other forces is towards the centre.
r
(D) The resultant of other forces varies in magnitude as well as in direction.
8. A particle is moving in a helical path of constant pitch at constant speed.
(A) The velocity of the particle is constant.
(B) The acceleration of the particle is constant.
(C) The magnitude of acceleration is constant.
(D) The magnitude of acceleration is decreasing continuously

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9. A particle is projected with speed 2.5 m/s, at an angle of 37° with horizontal
under gravity. The instantaneous angular speed of the particle w.r.t point of
projection at the moment it falls at the same horizontal level equals
(A) 5 r/s (B) 2.5 r/s (C) 1.25 r/s (D) none
10. For the instance shown, the angular velocity of A w.r.t. B is:
5 m/s 10 m/s
o
A 37 53o
1m B
(A) 5 r/s (B) 4 r/s (C) 4 r/s (D) 2 r/s
11. Particles a and b move in opposite directions around a circle with same
 ˆ , where
angular speed , as shown. At t = 0 they are both at the point r  l (j)
l is the radius of the circle. The magnitude angular velocity of ‘a’ w.r.t. ‘b’ at
time t is:
Y

a b
 
X

(A) Zero (B)  cot(t ) (C)  sin  t (D) 2

12. On a particle moving on a circular path with a constant speed v, light is
thrown from a projectors placed at the centre of the circular path. The shadow
of the particle is formed on the wall. The velocity of shadow up the wall is
wall
v


(A) v sec2  (B) v cos2 (C) v cos  (D) none
Constant Angular velocity
13. The length of a seconds hand in a watch is 1cm. The magnitude of change in
velocity of its tip in 15second is:
(A) zero (B) /30 cm/s (C) /30 cm/s (D) /30 cm/s
14. A toy racing car moves with constant speed around the circle shown below.
When it is at point A its coordinates are x = 0, y = 3 m and its velocity is
(6m/s). When it is at point B its velocity and acceleration are:
(A) – (6m/s) and (12m/s2) YA
2
(B) (6m/s) and – (12m/s )
(C) (6m/s) and (12m/s2) X
(D) (6m/s) and (2m/s2) B

15. A particle is kept fixed on a turntable rotating uniformly. As seen from the
ground, the particle goes in a circle, its speed is 20 cm/s and acceleration is
20 cm/s2. The particle is now shifted to a new position to make the radius
half of the original value. The new values of the speed & acceleration will be
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 (A) 10 cm/s, 10 cm/s2 (B) 10 cm/s, 80 cm/s2
(C) 40 cm/s, 10 cm/s2 (D) 40 cm/s, 40 cm/s2.
16. Two cars having masses m1 and m2 move in circles of radii r1 and r2
respectively. If they complete the circles in equal time, the ratio of their
angular speeds 1 /2 is
(A) m1 /m2 (B) r1 /r2 (C) m1r1 /m2 r2 (D) 1
17. A body moving with a constant speed describes a circular path whose radius

vector is given by r  15(cos  t iˆ  sin  t ˆj ) , where  is in rad/sec, and t is
in sec. What is its centripetal acceleration at t = 3 sec?
(A) 45 2 m/s2 (B) 5 2 m/s2 (C) 15  m/s2 (D) 15 2 m/s2
18. A stone of mass m tied to a string of length  is rotated in a circle with the
other end of the string as the centre. The speed of the stone is v. If the string
breaks, the stone will move
(A) towards the centre (B) away from the centre
(C) along a tangent (D) will stop
19. Two particles start moving on circles of radius shown with velocity v1 =
2m/s, v2 = 15 m/s. The minimum time after which the particles will again be
collinear with centre is equal to
2
v2
v1 1
R1=1m
R1 R2 R2=3m

(A) 2/3 sec. (B) 2/5 sec. (C) 2sec. (D) none
20. In a clock what is the time period of meeting of the minute hand and the
second hand
60 59
(A) 59 sec (B) minutes (C) minutes (D) none of these
59 60
21. A particle moves in a circle of radius R, with a constant speed v. Then,
during a time interval [R/3v], which of the following is true?
 3v 2  3v  2v 2  3v
(A) | a |  (B) | v |  (C) | a |  (D)  | v |  
R  R 
22. A and B are moving in two circular orbits with angular velocity 2 and 
respectively. Their positions are as shown at t = 0. Find the time when they
will meet for first time.
B
A

 3 
(A) (B) (C) (D) they never meet.
2 2 
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23. For the figure shown, the particles are initially closest to each other. Find the
angular velocity of particle A w.r.t to particle B.
r/s

3r/s
2m
4m

(A) 32 rad/s (B) 7 rad/s (C) 13 rad/s (D) 16 rad/s

Constant angular acceleration
24. A wheel rotating with uniform angular acceleration covers 50 revolutions in
the first five seconds after the start. Find the angular velocity at t = 5 s.
(A) 20 rev/s (B) 15 rev/s (C) 10 rev/s (D) 5 rev/s
25. Find the angular velocity of a body rotating with an acceleration of 2 rev/s2
as it completes the 5th revolution after the start.
(A) 2 rev/s (B) 3 rev/s (C) 4 rev/s (D) 5 rev/s
26. A wheel starting from rest is uniformly accelerated at 4 rad/s2 for 10 s. It is
allowed to rotate uniformly for the next 10 seconds and is finally brought to
rest in the next 10 seconds. Find the total angle rotated by the wheel.
(A) 200 rad (B) 400 rad (C) 600 rad (D) 800 rad
27. A body rotates about a fixed axis with an angular acceleration of 1 rad/s2.
Through what angle does it rotate during the time in which its angular
velocity increases from 5 rad/s to 15 rad/s?
(A) 100 rad (B) 200 rad (C) 300 rad (D) 400 rad
28. A disc rotates about its axis with a constant angular acceleration of 4 rad/s2.
Find the radial and tangential accelerations of a particle at a distance of 1 cm
from the axis at the end of the first second after the disc starts rotating.
(A) 16 cm/s2, 8 cm/s2 (B) 16 cm/s2, 4 cm/s2
2 2
(C) 8 cm/s , 4 cm/s (D) 16 cm/s2, 2 cm/s2
29. At a certain moment of time the angle between velocity and acceleration of a
particle, is greater than 90°. What can be inferred about its motion at that
moment?
(A) It is curvilinear and decelerated (B) It is rectilinear and accelerated
(C) It is curvilinear and accelerated (D) It is rectilinear and decelerated
30. The diagram shows a CD rotating clockwise (as seen from above) in the CD-
player. After turning it off, the CD slows down. Assuming it has not come to
a stop yet, the direction of the acceleration of point P at this instance is

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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31. An object moves counter-clockwise along the circular path shown below. As
it moves along the path its acceleration vector continuously points towards
point S. The object
P
(A) speeds up at P, Q & R
(B) slows down at P, Q & R Q S
(C) speeds up at P & slows down at R. R
(D) slows down at P & speeds up at R.
32. Two particles start moving on the same circle of radius 2 m, from the same
point P at t = 0, with constant tangential accelerations = 2 m/s2 and 6 m/s2,
clockwise and anticlockwise, respectively. The point where they meet for the
first time is Q. The smaller angle subtended by PQ at centre of circle is
(A) 120° (B) 60° (C) 135° (D) 90°
33. A particle is moving on a circle of radius 1 m and its speed is changing as v =
2t. The magnitude of the acceleration of particle at t = 1 sec. is
(A) 4 m/s2 (B) 2 m/s2 (C) 52 m/s2 (D) 25 m/s2
34. A point moves along the circle with a velocity v = kt. Find the total
acceleration of the point at the moment it has covered nth fraction of the circle
after the beginning of motion.
(A) k 1   4 n  (B) k
2
(C) 2kn (D) none
35. A particle is moving with a constant angular acceleration of 4 r/s2 in a
circular path. At time t = 0, the particle was at rest. Find the time at which the
magnitudes of centripetal acceleration and tangential acceleration are equal.
(A) 0.5 s (B) 1s (C) 1.5 s (D) 2s
36. A particle moves in a circle uniformly such that it completes a circle in 2 sec.
During half a turn its centripetal acceleration changes by 6 m/s2.
(A) radius of the circle is 3/2 m
(B) magnitude of change in velocity during 1 sec is 3/ m/s
(C) tangential velocity of the particle is 3/ m/s
(D) particle is moving in anticlockwise sense as seen from above
Angle between acceleration and velocity
37. In the figure shown a particle moving counter-clockwise in a circle. Its
acceleration and velocity are indicated at a particular time. Find the value of
‘v' at this time.
(A) 10 m/s v
(B) 15 m/s o
37 a=50m/s
2

(C) 20 m/s
(D) 7 m/s R=10m

38. In a circular motion of a particle, the tangential acceleration of the particle is

given by at = 9 m/s2. The radius of the circle is 4 m. The particle was initially
at rest. Time after which total acceleration of the particle makes an angle of
45° with the radial acceleration is:
(A) 1/3 sec. (B) 2/3 sec. (C) 1 sec. (D) 4/3 sec.
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Variable angular acceleration
39. A particle performs circular motion of radius 1m from rest. The tangential
acceleration of the particle at any time t is given by at  t m/s2. The radial
acceleration of the particle at t = 2 sec is
(A) 1 m/s2 (B) 2 m/s2 (C) 0.5 m/s2 (D) 4 m/s2
40. A particle of mass m describes a circle of radius r. The centripetal
acceleration of the particle is 4/r2. What will be the momentum (mass ×
velocity) of the particle?
(A) 2m r (B) 2m r (C) 4m r (D) 4m r
41. A point moves on a circle of radius 2 meter and its speed depends on the
distance covered as v =  S , the time taken by the particle in making the
full circle is
(A) 2 sec. (B) 3 sec. (C) 4 sec. (D) none
42. A particle is moving along a circular path of radius R in such a way that at
any instant magnitude of radial acceleration & tangential acceleration are
equal. If at t = 0 velocity of particle is vo, the time period of first revolution of
the particle is
(B)  e 2  1 (C) 1  e 2 
R  2 R R R
(A) e (D)
vo vo vo vo
43. A particle moves in circular motion with an angular acceleration   k 
where k is a positive constant of suitable dimensions. Find the angular
velocity of the body averaged over the whole time of rotation, if at the initial
moment of time its angular velocity was o.
(A) o/6 (B) o/5 (C) o/4 (D) o/3
Radius of curvature
44. A body is thrown with a velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of 45° to the
horizontal. The radius of curvature of its trajectory in t = 1/2 sec after the
body began to move is :
(A) 0 m (B) 2.5 m (C) 5 m (D) None
45. A particle is projected horizontally from the top of a tower with a velocity vo.
If v be its velocity at any instant, then the radius of curvature of the path of
the particle at the point (where the particle is at that instant) is directly
proportional to:
(A) v3 (B) v2 (C) v (D) 1/v
46. A particle is projected with speed 100 m/s at angle  = 60° with the
horizontal at time t = 0. At time 't' the velocity vector of the particle becomes
perpendicular to the direction of velocity of projection.
(A) Its tangential acceleration at time 't' is 53 m/s2
(B) Its tangential acceleration at time 't' is 5 m/s2
(C) Its radius of curvature at time 't' is 2/3 3 km
(D) Its radius of curvature at time 't' is 1/ 3 km

153
47. If a particle is projected with speed u from ground at an angle  with
horizontal, then radius of curvature of a point where velocity vector is
perpendicular to initial velocity vector is given by:
u 2 cos2  u 2 cot 2  u2 u 2 tan 2 
(A) (B) (C) (D)
g g sin  g g cos 
Kinematics of curvilinear motion
48. A particle when projected in vertical plane moves along smooth surface with
initial velocity 20 m/s at an angle of 53°, so that its normal reaction on the
surface remains zero throughout the motion. Then the slope of the tangent to
the surface at height 32/9 m from the point of projection will be:

o
53
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) tan– 1(2) (D) tan–1(2/9)
49. A block M slides from rest, down on a curved frictionless vertical track. The
curve obeys the equation y = x 2 /2 . The tangential acceleration of block is:
X

Y
gx g gx
(A) g (B) (C) (D)
x2  4 2 x2  1
50. A particle moves along the curve: y = kx3 (k is a positive constant) in the first
quadrant with a constant speed v. At t = 0, the particle is at the origin. The
acceleration magnitude of the particle at t = 0 is equal to
(A) zero (B) v 2 2k (C) v2 k (D) None
51. A particle moves along the parabolic path x = y2 + 2y + 2 in such a way that
the Y-component of velocity vector remains 5 m/s during the motion. The
magnitude of the acceleration of the particle is
(A) 50 m/s2 (B) 100 m/s2 (C) 10 m/s2 (D) 0.1 m/s2
52. The distance r from the origin of a particle moving in XY plane varies with
time as, r = 3t and the angle made by the radius vector with positive x-axis is
 = 4t. Here t is in second, r in meters and  in radian. The speed of the
particle at t = 1 s is:
(A) 12 m/s (B) 10 m/s (C) 5 m/s (D) none
Vehicle in curved path
53. A car travels at a constant speed around a circular track of radius is 3.6 km.
The car goes once around the track in 60 s. What is the approximate
magnitude of acceleration of car towards the centre of the track at any
instant?
(A) zero (B) 40 m/s2 (C) 20 m/s2 (D) 10 m/s2
54. A car moves at a constant speed on a road as shown in figure. The normal

154
 force by the road on the car is NA and NB when it is at the points A and B
respectively.
A B

(A) NA = NB (B) NA > NB (C) NA < NB (D) none

55. A car is going on an overbridge of radius R. the driver maintains a constant
speed. As the motorcycle is ascending on the overbridge; normal force on it
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remains same (D) fluctuates
56. Three identical cars A, B and C are moving at the same speed on three
bridges. The car A goes on a plane bridge, B on a bridge convex upward and
C goes on a bridge concave upward. Let FA, FB and FC be the normal forces
exerted by the cars on the bridges when they are at the middle of bridges.
(A) FA is maximum of the three forces.
(B) FB is maximum of the three forces.
(C) FC is maximum of the three forces.
(D) FA = FB FC
57. A simple pendulum having a bob of mass m is suspended from the ceiling of
a car used in stunt film shooting. The car moves up along an inclined cliff at
a speed V and makes a jump to leave the cliff and lands at some distance. Let
R be the maximum height of the car from the top of the cliff. The tension in
the string when the car is in air is
mv 2 mv 2
(A) mg (B) mg  (C) mg  (D) zero
R R
58. A car of mass M is moving on a horizontal circular path of radius r. At an
instant its speed is v and increasing at a rate ‘a’.
(A) The acceleration of the car is towards the centre of the path.
mv 2
(B) The magnitude of the frictional force on the car is greater than .
r
(C) the friction coefficient between ground and the car is not less than a/g.
2
1 v
(D) The friction coefficient between ground and the car is   tan .
rg
59. Two cars A and B going at same speed v suddenly finds a wall at a distance
r. They just misses hitting the wall. The driver in car A applies breaks, while
driver of car B take a circular turn of radius r to just avoid hitting the wall.
f
Find the ratio of friction force acting on the tyres of the car B
fA
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Horizontal circle
60. The coefficient of static friction between a small coin and the surface of a
turntable is 0.30. The turntable rotates at 2 rad s–1. What is maximum
distance from the centre of the turntable at which the coin will not slide?
(A) 7.5 m (B) 1.5 m (C) 0.15 m (D) 0.75 m

155
61. A small particle of mass 0.36 gm rests on a horizontal turntable at a distance
25 cm from the axis of spindle. The turntable accelerated at a rate of  = 1/3
rad/s2. The frictional force that the table exerts on particle 2 s after the start is
(A) 40 mN (B) 30 mN (C) 50 mN (D) 60 mN
62. Two particles of equal mass are attached to a string of length 2m as shown in
figure. The string and particles are then whirled in a horizontal circle about
O. The ratio of the tension in string between P and Q to and tension in the
string between P and O is

1m 1m
O Q
P

(A) 1/2 (B) 2/3 (C) 3/2 (D) 2

63. A bead can slide along a straight rod. The friction coefficient between them
is m. At a certain moment t = 0, the rod starts rotating about a perpendicular
axis passing through its end. At this moment, the bead is at distance ‘z’ from
the rotation axis. The space is free of gravity. The angular velocity of the rod
at any time t is  = at2, where ‘a’ is a positive constant. The value of time ‘t’
when the bead begins to move is
(A) infinite (B) [4m/a]2/3 (C) [m/a]1/3 (D) [2m/a]1/3
64. A particle of mass m attached to a horizontal string describes a circle of
radius r on a rough horizontal table. After completing one full trip around the
circle the speed of particle is halved. What is the coefficient of friction in
terms of mass m, radius r initial velocity vo.
3v02 2v02 9v02 5v02
(A) (B) (C) (D)
16 gr 9 gr 16 gr 16 gr
65. A coin is placed on the horizontal surface of rotating disc. The distance of the
coin from the axis is 1 m and coefficient of friction is 0.5. If the disc starts
from rest and is given an angular acceleration 1/2 r/s2, the number of
revolutions through which the disc turns before the coin slips is
(A)  /4 (B) 7/4 (C) 5 /4 (D) 3 /4
66. Two masses; M & m (< M), are connected by a
string of length L which passes through a small m
hole. Find how many revolutions per second the
mass m must make in order that M may hang at
rest at a distance ‘a’ from the hole. M
1 Mg 1 Mg
(A) n  (B) n 
2 m a 2 mL  a

1 mg 1 Mg
(C) n  (D) n 
2 Ma 2 mL

156
67. A block of mass 1kg moves in a horizontal circle against the inner wall of a
fixed circular hoop of radius 1 m. The block is given a speed v = 5 m/s
tangentially. Take coefficient friction µ = 0.2 between ground and block and
0.3 between hoop and block.
(A) The net friction force acting on the block is 2 N
(B) The net friction force acting on the block is 5 N v
R
(C) The net friction force acting on the block is 7 N
(D) The net friction force acting on the block is 9.5 N
68. A particle P of mass m is attached to a vertical axis as shown. P rotates
around the axis with angular velocity . The tensions in the two strings are
T1 and T2
(A) T1  T2 A T1
(B) T1  T2  m  l
2 l
P
(C) T1  T2  2m g l m

(D) BP remains taut if   2 g /l l

B T2
69. A particle of mass m is fixed at one end of a light spring of force constant k
and unstretched length l. The system is rotated about the other end of the
spring with an angular velocity  in gravity free space. The increase in length
of the spring is
 k m
m 2  m 2  m 2 
(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these
k k  m 2 k  m 2
Death well rotor
70. A hollow vertical cylinder of radius R is rotated with angular velocity 
about an axis through its center. Find µmin between M and cylinder necessary
to keep the mass M suspended on the inside of the cylinder as it rotates?


M

gR 2g 2R g
(A) µ = (B) µ = (C) µ = (D) µ =
 2
R g 2R
71. A small block of mass m slides on a frictionless table. It is
t=0
constrained to move inside a ring of radius r fixed to table. vo
At t = 0 the block is moving along the inside of the ring r Top
with tangential speed vo. If µ is the coefficient of friction View
between the block & ring. The velocity of block at time t
vo r vo r
(A) v  (B) v  vo   g t (C) v  (D) none
 t vo  r  t vo  r
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Vertical circle
72. A ball is attached to a string and the ball moves in a circle, the plane of which
is vertical. The string is always taut and there are no frictional forces. Which
of the following statements is most correct?
(A) net force on the ball is always vertical
(B) net force on the ball is always perpendicular to the velocity of the ball
(C) tension in the string is always constant in magnitude
(D) tension in the string is greatest when the ball is at its lowest point
73. A pendulum bob is swinging in a vertical plane such that its angular
amplitude is less than 90°. At its highest point, the string is cut. Which
trajectory is possible for the bob afterwards?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

74. Water in a bucket is whirled in a vertical circle with a string attached to it.
The water does not fall down even when the bucket is inverted at the top of
its path. We conclude that in this position
mv 2 mv 2
(A) mg  (B) mg is greater than
r r
2
mv mv 2
(C) mg is not greater than (D) mg is not less than .
r r
75. Let  denote the angular displacement of a simple pendulum oscillating in a
vertical plane. If the mass of the bob is m, the tension in the string is mg
cos.
(A) always (B) never
(C) at extreme positions (D) at the mean position.
76. Airplane of mass 'm' travels in a vertical circle of radius 'r' at constant speed
'v'. At what angle , measured from the lowest point in the circle, is the net
force on the airplane horizontal?

r

(A) 0° (B) 30° (C) 60° (D) 90°
77. A jet travelling at a constant speed of 1.20 × 102 m/s executes a vertical loop
with a radius of 5.00×102 m. (See Fig.) Find the magnitude of the force of the
seat on a 70.0-kg pilot at the top of the loop.

R
v
(A) 1316 N (B) 2700 N (C) 700 N (D) 2000N
78. A giant wheel, having a diameter of 40 m, is fitted with a cage and platform

158
 on which a man of mass m stands. The wheel is rotated in a vertical plane at
such a speed that the force exerted by the man on the platform is equal to his
weight when the cage is at X, as shown. Net force on the man at point X is:
X

Wheel

(A) zero (B) 2mg, down (C) mg, down (D) mg, up
Conical pendulum
79. A heavy particle revolves in a 1.6 m long string in conical pendulum with the
string making 60o with the vertical. Then
(A) its period of revolution is 4/7 sec
(B) tension in the string is doubled the weight of the particle
(C) speed of the particle is 2.83 m/s
(D) centripetal acceleration of the particle is 9.8 m/s2.
80. A string of length 1m is fixed at one end and a mass of 0.1 kg is attached at
the other end the string makes 2/ rev/sec around a vertical axis through a
fixed point. The angle of inclination of the string
(A) tan– 1(5/8) (B) tan– 1(8/5) (C) cos– 1(8/5) (D) cos– 1(5/8)
81. Two particles tied to different strings are whirled in a horizontal circle as
shown in figure. The ratio of length of the strings (L2/L1) so that they
complete their circular path with equal time period is

L1 o L2 45o
30
m m
(A) 3/2 (B) 2/3 (C) 1 (D) none of these
82. An elastic string which obeys Hooke's law is found to extend by 1 cm when a
mass is hung on it. It extends by another 1 cm when the attached mass
uniformly moves in a horizontal circle forming a conical pendulum. The
inclination of the string with the vertical is
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 90°
83. A hemispherical smooth bowl of radius R is rotating about its vertical axis of
symmetry. A small ball kept in the bowl, such that the angle made by the
radius through the ball with the vertical is . The ball rotates with the bowl
without slipping on its surface. Find  at which the bowl is rotating.
(A) g /R cos  (B) g /R sin  (C) g cos  /R (D) g sin  /R
84. In a conical pendulum, the bob is rotated with different angular velocities and
tension in the string is calculated for different values of . Which of them is
correct graph between T & .

159
 M
T T T T
(A) (B) (C) (D)
   
85. A ball of mass ‘m’ is rotating in a circle of radius ‘r’ with speed v inside a
smooth cone as shown in figure. Let N be the normal reaction on the ball by
the cone, then choose the correct option.
(A) N  m g cos 
r
v2 m
(B) g sin   cos 
r
mv 2 
(C) N sin   =0
r
(D) none of these
86. A point mass m attached to the ceiling by a cord of fixed length l is revolving
in conical pendulum of radius r with uniform angular velocity . The tension
in the cord is
   
1
r
(A) mg   (B) mg cos   (C) m   4 r 2  g 2  2 (D) m g sin  
l 2 2
87. A single wire ACB passes through a smooth ring at C which revolves at a
constant speed in the horizontal circle of radius r as shown in the figure. The
speed of revolution is
A
o
30

B
o
60 C
r
(A) rg (B) 2rg (C) 2 2rg (D) 2 rg
Banking
88. A horizontal curve on a racing track is banked at a 45° angle. When a vehicle
goes around this curve at the curve’s safe speed (no friction needed to stay on
the track), what is its centripetal acceleration?
(A) g (B) 2g (C) 0.5g (D) none
89. A circular curve of a highway is designed for traffic moving at 72 km/h. If
the radius of the curved path is 100 m, the correct angle of banking of the
road should be given by
2 3 1 1
(A) tan 1 (B) tan 1 (C) tan 1 (D) tan 1
5 5 5 4
Range of speeds
90. A 2 kg mass attached to a light string rotates in a horizontal circular motion
on a horizontal frictionless table. The radius of the circle is 0.8 m and the
160
 string can support a mass of 25 kg before breaking. For what speed the string
will not break.
(A) 6 m/s (B) 8 m/s (C) 10 m/s (D) 12 m/s
91. A turn of radius 10 m is banked for the vehicles going at a speed of 10 m/s
(i.e. friction will not act). If the coefficient of static friction between the road
and the tyre is 0.6. For what speed the vehicle will skid.
(A) 6 m/s (B) 10 m/s (C) 19 m/s (D) 25 m/s
Centrifugal force
92. A particle of mass m is observed from an inertial frame of reference and is
found to move in a circle of radius r with a uniform speed v. The centrifugal
force on it is
mv 2 mv 2
(A) towards centre (B) away from centre
r r
mv 2
(C) tangent to circle (D) zero
r
93. Figure shows two masses m and 2m kept on frictionless horizontal table
through a pulley. The table is connected by a rope of length R. The system is
revolving at a constant angular velocity . It is known that R >> l1 & l2. Find
the magnitude of acceleration of mass ‘m’ at the instant shown in reference
frame fixed to the table.
l2
 R
fixed 2m
pulley
m
Table l1
2R 2R 2R 2R
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 4 6
94. A particle of mass m rotates in a circle of radius a with a uniform angular
speed . It is viewed from a frame rotating about the Z - axis with a uniform
angular speed o. The centrifugal force on the particle is
2
   o 
(A) m  a (B) m  a  a (D) m  o a
2 2
o (C) m 
 2 
95. A particle of mass m revolves in a circle of radius R with a uniform angular
speed . It is observed from a frame rotating about the same axis with a
uniform angular speed o in same sense. The acceleration of particle as
observed in the rotating frame is
(A) 2R – o2 R (B) (  o )2 R (C) o2 R (D) 2R

161
 SUBJECTIVE
1. If a point moves along a circle with a constant speed, prove that its angular
speed about any point on the circle is half of that about the center.
2. The angular velocity (in rad/sec) of a body moving in a circular path is shown
in graph below. What is the average angular velocity for the entire motion?
Approximate the answer to nearest integer.

o o
37 53
t(sec)
16 41
3. Two points are moving with uniform velocities u and v along the
perpendicular axes X and Y. The motion is directed towards the origin. At t =
0, they are at a distance a and b respectively from O. Find the time when the
angular velocity of the line joining them is greatest.
4. At some instant of time, a particle moving in a circle of radius 2 m has a
speed of 8 m/s and its total acceleration vector is at an angle of 30o with
respect to its velocity. At this instant, determine (a) the centripetal
acceleration. (b) the tangential acceleration and (c) the magnitude of the total
acceleration of the particle.
5. A solid body starts rotating about a fixed axis with an angular acceleration 
= kt where k is a constant and t is time. How soon after the beginning of the
motion will the total acceleration vector of a general point on the body form
an angle  with its velocity vector?
6. The angular position of a point on the rim of a rotating wheel is described by
 = 4.0t - 3.0t2 + t3, where  is in radians if t is given in seconds. (a) What is
the angular velocity at t = 2.0 s and at t = 4.0 s? (b) What is the average
angular acceleration for the time interval that begins at t = 2.0 s and ends at t
= 4.0 s? (c) What is the instantaneous angular acceleration at the beginning
and end of this time interval?
7. A solid body rotates about a stationary axis so that its angular velocity
depends on the rotation angle  as   o  a  , where o and a are positive
constants. At the moment t = 0 the angle  = 0. Find the time dependence of
(a) the rotation angle; (b) the angular velocity.
8. The cart shown accelerates along the track with a = (2t – 4) m/s2. Its initial
velocity is 3 m/s. please determine, at t = 5s,
s
R = 100 m 

(a) The magnitude of acceleration.

(b) The position of go-cart along the track (both s and ).
(c) The total distance travelled along the track in 0 s – 5 s interval.

162
9. A solid body rotates about a stationary axis according to the law  = at - bt3,
where a and b. Find: (a) the mean values of the angular velocity and angular
acceleration averaged over the time interval between t = 0 and the complete
stop; (b) the angular acceleration at the moment when the body stops.
10. A particle is moving along the curve: y = (3/2) x2/3, in the first quadrant. At t =
0, it is at the origin of coordinates. At any time t, its x-coordinate is given by:
x = t3. Find the average speed of the particle between t = 0 and any time t > 0.
11. A 3-4-5 inclined plane is fixed to a
rotating turntable. A block rests on the
inclined plane and the coefficient of static 3 5
friction between the inclined plane and
the block is µs = 1/4. The block is to 4

remain at a position 40 cm from the center
of rotation of the turntable (figure). Find
the minimum angular velocity  (in
rad/sec) to keep the block from sliding
down the plane (toward the center) (Round off to the nearest integer).
12. A wire ring of radius R is fixed in a gravity free region. A small bead having a
hole through its center can slide on the wire ring. The coefficient of kinetic
friction between the bead and the wire ring is . At t = 0, the bead is imparted
a speed vo tangentially along the ring, as shown. Find the speed of the bead ‘v’
and its angular displacement ‘’ as function of time.
13. A parabolic smooth metal bowl is y(cm)
rotating about its vertical axis OY. The 2
section of the bowl is represented by  y =x /4
the equation y = x2/4. If a metal sphere
of radius 1 cm, placed on the inner
surface at a point x = 5 cm, is found x(cm)
to be at rest relative to the rotating O 
bowl, find the angular speed of the bowl.
14. On a smooth surface formed by revolving y = f (x) about y-axis, a particle is
kept at a position (x, y) and is made to move in a horizontal circle of radius x
with speed v. It is seen that for a different values of x on the surface, its speed
v required to perform the circular motion is the same. Find equation of curve
in form y = f (x).
Y

X
15. The drawing shows a baggage carousel at an airport. Your suitcase has not
slid all the way down the slope and is going around at a constant speed on a
 625 
circle of radius  cm  as the carousel turns. The coefficient of static
 8 
163
 friction between the suitcase and the carousel is 0.8, and the angle  in the
drawing is 37°. How much time (in second) is required for your suitcase to go
around once? (Assume limiting friction) (Take 2 = g).

16. A Circular platform rotates around a vertical axis with angular velocity  =
10 rad/sec. On the platform is a ball of mass 1 kg, attached to the long axis of
the platform by a thin rod of length 10 cm  = 30°). Find normal force
exerted by the ball on the platform. Friction is absent.

l


17. Two beads of mass m and 2m are connected by a massless rod of length R
and threaded onto a smooth circular wire of radius R. When the wire rotates
uniformly with angular velocity about a vertical diameters, the beads do not
slide on it and rod remains vertical as shown. What must be the angular
velocity  (in rad/s) of the wire? (Take R = 15 m).

m

R R

2m
18. A truck is moving in a circular path of radius 50 m as shown in the figure. A
small block of mass 100 gm is kept at rest against a wooden plate. The
friction coefficient between the block and the plate is  = 0.58. Find the angle
 at which the block will just start sliding on the plate.

10 m/s
50 m


164
19. A car goes on a horizontal circular road of radius R, the speed increasing at a
constant rate dv/dt = a. The friction coefficient between the road and the tyre
is . Find the speed at which the car will skid.
20. A block of mass m is kept on a horizontal ruler. The friction coefficient
between the ruler and the block is . The ruler is fixed at one end and the
block is at a distance L from the fixed end. The ruler is rotated about the fixed
end in the horizontal plane through the fixed end. (a) What can the maximum
angular speed be for which the block does not slip? (b) If the angular speed of
the ruler is uniformly increased from zero at an angular acceleration , at
what angular speed will the slip?
21. A chain of mass m forming a circle of radius R is slipped on a smooth round
Cone with half-angle . Find the tension of the chain if it rotates with a
constant angular velocity  about a vertical axis coinciding with the
symmetry axis of the cone.
22. A cyclist rides along the circumference of a circular horizontal plane of radius
R, the friction coefficient being dependent only on distance r from the centre 0
of the plane as   o (1  r / R) , where, µo is a constant. Find the radius of the
circle with the centre at the point along which the cyclist can ride with the
maximum velocity. What is this velocity?
23. A car moves uniformly along a horizontal sine curve y = a sin (x/), where a
and  are certain constants. The coefficient of friction between the wheels and
the road is equal to µ. At what velocity will the car ride without sliding?
24. A ball is held at rest in position A by two light cords. The tension in string S
is T1. Just after the horizontal cored holding the mass m is cut the tension in
string S becomes T2. Find T2/T1.

S
A 
m
25. Two particles A and B, each of mass 2 kg are connected by light
inextensible string. They are grooved in a vertical smooth fixed ring so that
it’s constrained to move within it. The particles are released from rest in the
position shown. Find the tension in the string just after the system is set free.
A

26. At how many revolutions per second must the apparatus shown in figure
rotate about a vertical axis in order that the cord makes an angle of 45o with
the vertical? What is then the tension in the cord? a = 10 cm, L = 20 cm & m
= 200 g.
165
 a
o
45 L

27. A body suspended from a fixed point by a light elastic string of unstretched
length lo produces an extension l1 when in equilibrium. If it then moves in a
horizontal circular path as a conical pendulum with the string making an angle
 with the vertical, find the period of revolution of the conical pendulum.
28. A turn of radius 20 m is banked for the vehicle of mass 200 kg going at a
speed of 10 m/s. Find the direction and magnitude of frictional force acting on
a vehicle if it moves with a speed (a) 5 m/s (b) 15 m/s. Assume that friction is
sufficient to prevent slipping.
29. A very small cube of mass m is placed on the inside of a funnel rotating about
a vertical axis at a constant rate of n revolutions per sec. The wall of the
funnel makes an angle  with the horizontal. If the coefficient of static friction
between the cube and funnel is  and the centre of the cube is at a distance r
from the axis of rotation, what are the largest and smallest values of n for
which the block will not move with respect to the funnel?

r
m

30. A device consists of a smooth L-shaped rod located in a horizontal plane and
a sleeve A of mass m attached by a weightless spring to a point B. The spring
stiffness is equal to K. The whole system rotates with a constant angular
velocity  about a vertical axis passing through the point O. Find the
elongation of the spring. The natural length of the spring is lo. How is the
result affected by the rotation direction?

O B

166
 OBJECTIVE KEYS
1. A 25. D 49. D 73. C
2. ACD 26. D 50. A 74. C
3. D 27. A 51. A 75. C
4. B 28. B 52. D 76. D
5. BD 29. AD 53. B 77. A
6. D 30. A 54. C 78. B
7. BD 31. C 55. A 79. ABC
8. C 32. D 56. C 80. D
9. B 33. D 57. D 81. A
10. A 34. A 58. BC 82. C
11. A 35. A 59. B 83. A
12. A 36. AC 60. D 84. A
13. D 37. C 61. C 85. BC
14. C 38. B 62. B 86. C
15. A 39. D 63. D 87. A
16. D 40. B 64. A 88. A
17. D 41. C 65. B 89. A
18. C 42. D 66. B 90. C
19. D 43. D 67. D 91. D
20. B 44. C 68. BCD 92. D
21. AB 45. A 69. B 93. B
22. D 46. BC 70. D 94. B
23. C 47. B 71. C 95. B
24. A 48. D 72. D

167
 SUBJECTIVE KEYS
1. proof.
2. 9 rad/s
au  bv
3. t 2 2
u v
4. 32 m/s2, 323 m/s2, 64 m/s2
 4 tan  / k 
1/3
5.
6. (a) 4 r/s (b) 12 r/s2 (c) 12 r/s2, 18 r/s2
7. (a)   1  e at  o /a (b)   o e at
8. (a) 6.034 m/s2 (b) 6.67 m, 0.0667 rad (c) 28/3 m
9. (a)   2a / 3,   3ab (b)   2 3ab
(t 2  1)3 2  1
10. <v> =
t
11. 3
vo R 1  v t
12. v  ,   ln  1  o 
R   t vo   R 
15
13.   10 r /s
2
14. y  v 2 ln x /g
15. 10
16. 5N
17. 2
18. 30o
1
19.  R 2   2 g 2  a 2 
4

1/ 4
20. (a)  g / L (b)   g /2    2 
2
 
21. T   cot    2 R /g  mg /2
22. r = R/2, vmax = 0.5µgR
23. v    g /a
24. cos2
25. 10 N
26. 1.02 rev/s, 2.83 N
27. 2  lo cos  l1  / g
28. 1118 N, 670 N
1 g  sin    cos   1 g  sin    cos  
29. nmax  , nmin 
2 R  cos    sin   2 R  cos    sin  
30. lo / ( K / m 2  1)

168