Mineral Resources
Class 10 - Total Geography Morning Star
Answer the following questions
Question 1(a)
What is a mineral? State two characteristics of minerals.
Answer
Minerals are natural substances of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and
physical properties.
Two characteristics of minerals are-
1. Minerals are not evenly distributed over space.
2. Minerals have inverse relationship in quality and quantities i.e good quality
Minerals are less in quantity than low quality minerals.
3. Minerals are exhaustible overtime and need to be conserved.
Question 1(b)
What is the difference between metallic and non-metallic minerals?
Answer
Metallic minerals Non-metallic minerals
Metallic minerals are minerals in which
Non-metallic minerals do not contain any
metal elements are present in their raw
metal substances in them.
form.
Metallic minerals are usually found in Non-metallic minerals are often found
igneous and metamorphic rock embedded in young fold mountains and
formations. sedimentary rocks.
Metallic minerals are good conductors of Non-metallic minerals are basically good
electricity as well as heat. insulators of electricity and heat.
Non-metallic minerals lack malleability and
Metallic minerals have high malleability
ductility and these minerals break down
and ductility.
easily.
Metallic minerals Non-metallic minerals
Non-metallic minerals do not have any shine
Metallic minerals generally have lustre.
or lustre.
Question 1(c)
Name the three varieties of iron ore mined in India. Name one state where each is found.
Answer
The three varieties of iron ore mined in India are-
1. Haematite — It is found in Odisha.
2. Magnetite — It is found in Tamil Nadu.
3. Limonite — It is found in Uttarakhand.
4. Siderite ___ It is found in Jharkhand.
Question 1(d)
(i) Name the best quality of iron ore.
(ii) Name two states where it is found.
Answer
(i) Magnetite is the best quality of iron ore.
(ii) It is found in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Question 2(a)
What type of mineral is copper? Name any two states where copper is found in India.
Answer
Copper is a non-ferrous metal found in nature in its native form and also in three
combinations—sulphides, oxides and carbonates. It is found in Madhya Pradesh and
Rajasthan.
Question 2(b)
State two uses of aluminium.
Answer
Aluminium is used in aircrafts, rail wagons, coaches, shipping industries and automobiles.
Question 2(c)
Bauxite is an oxide of which metal? Where are the deposits of Bauxite found in India?
Answer
Bauxite is an oxide of aluminium. The deposits of Bauxite are found in Goa, Odisha,
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil
Nadu.
Question 2(d)
Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Manganese is an important raw material in the iron and steel industry.
(ii) Bauxite is used in electrical equipment industry.
(iii) Raw iron needs to be alloyed in order to be useful in construction and automobile
industry.
Answer
(i) Manganese is an important raw material in the iron and steel industry because it is used
to make steel tough and resistant to rusting.
(ii) Bauxite is used in electrical equipment industry because it is a good conductor of
electricity.
(iii) Raw iron needs to be alloyed in order to be useful in construction and automobile
industry because raw iron by itself is not as strong and hard as needed for construction
and automobile industry.
Question 3(a)
How is brass and bronze made? State two uses of copper.
Answer
Copper is alloyed with zinc to form brass and with tin to make bronze.
Two uses of copper are-
1. It is used in building construction for roofing and plumbing.
2. It is used in ship-building industry.
Question 3(b)
Name two leading states producing manganese. State two industrial uses of manganese.
Answer
Two leading states producing manganese are Karnataka and Odisha.
Two industrial uses of manganese are-
1. It is an important raw material for the iron and steel industry.
2. It is used in chemical industries for manufacturing bleaching powder.
Question 3(c)
(i) Name two characteristics of iron ore deposits in India that facilitate their optimum use in
the iron and steel plants.
(ii) Name two industries that require iron ore as raw material.
Answer
(i) Two characteristics of iron ore deposits in India that facilitate their optimum use in the
iron and steel plants are-
1. Iron ore deposits occur as hill masses and are easily accessible.
2. They are found in close proximity to the areas producing coal, dolomite, limestone
and manganese.
(ii) Two industries that require iron ore as raw material are iron and steel industries.
Question 3(d)
Give a reason for each of the following:
(i) Magnetite is so called.
(ii) Copper is used for making electric wires.
(iii) Aluminium is used for making aircraft.
Answer
(i) Magnetite is so called because it possesses magnetic property.
(ii) Copper is used for making electric wires because it is a good conductor of electricity,
highly malleable and ductile.
Aluminium is used for making aircraft because it is light weight and strong.
Question 4 (a)
State the environmental impact of mining and mineral use.
Answer
Mining activities can lead to deforestation, soil erosion and water pollution. The use of minerals can result in
air pollution and the release of greenhouse gases.
Question 4 (b)
In regard to ferrous metals, state the economic uses of any one mineral studied by you.
Answer
(i) About 90% of iron ore is used to make steel.
(ii) Iron is useful for construction, automobiles and other forms of transportation such as trucks,
trains and train tracks .
(iii) Iron blue is used in paints, printing inks, plastics, cosmetics, artist colours, laundry blue paper dyeing,
fertilizer etc.
Questoin4(c)
What are the different methods to conserve minerals?
Answer
Recycling, alternative minerals, improved mining and extraction techniques etc.
Question 4(d)
(i) Which ore is used to manufacture the object in the picture?
Answer
Bauxite (oxide of aluminium)
(ii) Which qualities of the ore make it suitable for this purpose?
Answer
Lightweight, strong and rust resistant metal.
