Lesson 1:

Introduction to Computers
Prepared by : Mr. Shelbert Lloyd Duncil

Computer Business Applications

What is Computer?

Computer Business Applications

 What is Computer?
• The word “computer” comes from the
word “TO COMPUTE” means to
calculate.
• A computer is normally considered to be
a calculation device which can perform
the arithmetic operations very speedily.
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 What is Computer?
• A computer may be defined as a device
which operates upon the data
• A computer can store, process & retrieve
data as and when we desired.

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 What is Computer?
• The fact that computer process data is
so fundamental that many people have
started calling as “Data Processor”.

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 What is Computer?
• Why Data Processor?

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 Definition of a Computer
• Computer is an electronic device
that accepts data as input and
transforms it under the influence of
a set of special instructions called
Programs, to produce the desired
output (referred to as Information).
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Definition of a Computer

Computer Business Applications

 Definition of a Computer
• Programs
✓ is a set of related instructions
written in the language of the
computer & is used to make the
computer perform a specific task
(or, to direct the computer on what
to do). Computer Business Applications
 Definition of a Computer
• Data
✓ a collection of raw facts, figures or
instructions that do not have much
meaning to the user.
✓ Data may be in form of numbers,
alphabets/letters or symbols, and can
be processed to produce information.
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Definition of a Computer

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Types of Data

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 Definition of a Computer
• Digital/Discrete Data
✓ Digital data is a combination of numbers
1 or 0.
✓ Computers use digital data to represent
data.

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 Definition of a Computer
• Example:
✓ Digital storage of sound, to represent
analogue sound as digital data, the
sampling process is used.

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 Definition of a Computer
• Analog Data
✓ Data that is physically represented.
✓ Analogue data is continuous in nature. It
must be represented in physical nature
to be processed by the computer.
Analogue data is obtained by
measurement.
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 Definition of a Computer
• Example:
✓ E.g. Pressure, Temperature, Humidity,
Lengths or currents, etc. The output is in
form of smooth graphs from which the
data can be read

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Characteristics of a Computer

Computer Business Applications

 The following are some of the
attributes that make computers
Characteristics
widely acceptedof&aused
Computer
in the
day-to-day activities in our society

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 Characteristics of a Computer
1) Speed
✓ Computers operate at very high speeds
and can perform very many functions
within a very short time. They can
perform a much-complicated task much
faster than a human being.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
1) Speed
✓ While talking about computer speed we
do not talk in terms of seconds and
milliseconds but in microseconds.
✓ The speed of a computer is usually
linked to the technology used to build it.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
2) Accuracy
✓ A computer can work for very long
periods without going wrong. However,
when an error occurs the computer has
a number of in-built, self-checking
features in their electronic components
that can detect & correct such errors.
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 Characteristics of a Computer
2) Accuracy
✓ Unlike human beings, computers are
very accurate, i.e., they never make
mistakes.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
3) Reliability
✓ The computer can be relied upon to
produce the correct answer if it is
given the correct instructions &
supplied with the correct data.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
4) Reliability
✓ Therefore, if you want to add two
numbers, but by mistake, give the
computer a “Multiply” instruction, the
computer will not know that you
intended to “ADD”; it will multiply the
numbers supplied.
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 Characteristics of a Computer
4) Reliability
✓ Therefore, the output produced by a
computer is only as reliable as the
instructions used & the data
supplied.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
4) Consistency
✓ Computers are usually consistent.
This means that, given the same data
& the same instructions, they will
produce the same answer every time
that particular process is repeated.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
5) Storage
✓ A computer can store large amounts
of data or instructions in a very small
space.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
5) Storage
✓ A computer can store data &
instructions for later use, and it can
produce/ retrieve this data when
required so that the user can make
use of it.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
5) Storage
✓ Data stored in a computer can be
protected from unauthorized
individuals through the use of
passwords.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
6) Diligence
✓ Unlike human beings, a computer
can work continuously without
getting tired or bored. Even if it has
to do a million calculations, it will do
the last one with the same speed and
accuracy as the first one.
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 Characteristics of a Computer
7) Automation
✓ A computer is an automatic device.
This is because, once given the
instructions, it is guided by these
instructions and can carry on its job
automatically until it is complete.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
7) Automation
✓ It can also perform a variety of jobs
as long as there is a well-defined
procedure.

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 Characteristics of a Computer
8) Versatile
✓ A computer can be used in different
places to perform a large number of
different jobs depending on the
instructions fed to it.

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The Data Processing Cycle

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 The Data Processing Cycle

✓ The data processing cycle is

the set of operations used to
transform data into useful
information.

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 The Data Processing Cycle
✓ The cycle consists of a series of steps
where raw data (input) is fed into a
system to produce actionable
insights (output). Each step is taken
in a specific order, but the entire
process is repeated in a cyclic
manner.
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 The Data Processing Cycle
✓ The data processing cycle contains
main four functions:

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 The Data Processing Cycle

✓Data Input
✓Data Processing
✓Data Storage
✓Data Output

Computer Business Applications

 The Data Processing Cycle
1) Data Input
✓ The term input refers to the activities
required to record data.
✓ It’s a process to enter data into
computer system.
✓ So, before we input any data, it is
necessary to check or verify the data
context.
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 The Data Processing Cycle
2) Data Processing
✓ The term processing includes the
activities like classifying, storing,
calculating, comparing or
summarizing the data.

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 The Data Processing Cycle
2) Data Processing
✓ In data processing, the computer
use techniques to convert the
data into meaningful
information.

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 The Data Processing Cycle
3) Data Output
✓ It’s a communication function which
transmits the information to the outside
world.
✓ Any information processed by and sent
from a computer or electronic device is
considered output.
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 The Data Processing Cycle
3) Data Output
✓ Sometimes the output also includes
the decoding activity which
converts the electronically
generated information into human
readable form
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 The Data Processing Cycle
4) Data Storage
✓ This involves the filling of data &
information for future use

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The Data Processing Cycle

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Origins of Computing Machines

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• ABACUS
➢ An abacus is a simple counting tool used to
perform basic arithmetic operations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division.
➢ 300 BC by Babylonians
➢ around 1200 A.D. in China and Japan

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• ABACUS

Computer Business Applications

 Origins of Computing Machines
• PASCAL MECHANICAL CALCULATOR
➢ Blaise Pascal in 1645
➢ It uses gears and dials to perform basic
math operations like addition and
subtraction.
➢ Birth of the Gear-Based Machines 1600s-
1800s

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• PASCAL MECHANICAL CALCULATOR
Image:Arts et Metiers Pascaline dsc03869.jpg

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• PUNCHED CARDS
➢ Punched cards are pieces of stiff paper with
holes punched in specific patterns. The
computer reads the pattern of holes to
understand what to do, like a very early and
basic form of programming. They were used
before digital storage became common.
➢ Popular through the 1970’s
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 Origins of Computing Machines
• PUNCHED CARDS

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• Babbage’s Difference Engine
➢ Babbage is credited with inventing the first
mechanical computer that eventually led to
more complex designs. (1822)
➢ The first difference engine was composed of
around 25,000 parts, weighed fifteen tons
(13,600 kg), and stood 8 ft (2.4 m) high. Although
he received ample funding for the project, it was
never completed.
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 Origins of Computing Machines
• Babbage’s Difference Engine
Image:BabbageDifferenceEngine.jpg

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• AUGUSTA ADA BYRON
➢ Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace
(1815-1852)
➢ She is known as the "first programmer".
➢ The computer language Ada, created by the
U.S. Defense Department, was named after
Ada Lovelace.

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 Origins of Computing Machines
• AUGUSTA ADA BYRON

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GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS

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 Generations of Computers
• First Generation
➢ 1930’s – Vacuum tubes were used as
electronic circuits or electronic switches.

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 Generations of Computers
• First Generation
➢ 1946 – ENIAC
➢ First large-scale electronic digital computer
was ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Calculator)
➢ 30 feet long, 8 feet wide, and 8 feet high
➢ 3 additions every second, (incredibly slow
by today’s standards).
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 Generations of Computers
• ENIAC

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 Generations of Computers
• Second Generation - Transistors
➢ 1947 - Walter Brittain and William Shockley
invented the transistor at Bell Laboratories
➢ Replaced the vacuum tube as an electronic
switch

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 Generations of Computers
• Third Generation – Integrated Circuits
➢ 1959, Jack Kirby and Robert Noyce (who
later became the cofounder of Intel Corp.)
developed the first integrated circuit (silicon
chip or microchip).

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 Generations of Computers
• Third Generation – Integrated Circuits
➢ An integrated circuit (IC) is a system of
interrelated circuits packaged together on a
single sliver of silicon.
➢ It is a way of placing multiple (millions)
transistor devices into as single, smaller
device, the “microchip.”

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 Generations of Computers
• Third Generation – Integrated Circuits

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ A microprocessor is a Central Processing
Unit (CPU) on a single chip.
➢ 1971, Intel Corp. introduced the first
microprocessor chip.
➢ Intel 4004, 108 kHz and contained
(equivalent of) 2300 transistors

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor

Computer Business Applications

 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ IBM Personal Computer
▪ On August 12, 1981, IBM released
their new computer, named the
IBM PC
▪ 2004 – IBM sells PC business to
Lenovo
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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ IBM PC

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Apple Computers
▪ 1975 – Steve Jobs and Steve
Wozniak starts Apple Computer
▪ 1984 – Apple Macintosh with
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Apple Computers

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Laptops
1981 - Adam
Osborne, produced
the Osborne 1

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Laptops
1988 - Compaq
laptop with color
screen

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Laptops
2008 – Macbook Air
– thinnest laptop

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 Generations of Computers
• Fourth Generation - Microprocessor
➢ Laptops
2011 – Dell XPS 15Z
– thinnest Windows
laptop

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Classification of Computers

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 Classification of Computers
• Super computers

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 Classification of Computers
• Super computers
✓ A supercomputer is a very
powerful computer that can
perform complex calculations
much faster than regular
computers.
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 Classification of Computers
• Super computers
✓ They're used for tasks that
require a lot of processing
power, like weather forecasting,
scientific research, and modeling
simulations.
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 Classification of Computers
• Super computers
✓ They're not something you'd use
at home.
✓ Scientists and researchers use
them for tasks that need a ton of
brainpower.
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 Classification of Computers
• Mainframe Computers

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 Classification of Computers
• Mainframe Computers
✓ A mainframe computer is a big,
powerful computer that
businesses and organizations
use to handle and process a lot
of data at once.
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 Classification of Computers
• Mainframe Computers
✓ It’s like a giant, super-reliable
workhorse that can manage many
tasks at the same time, such as
processing millions of transactions or
running multiple applications.

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 Classification of Computers
• Mainframe Computers
✓ Mainframes are often used by banks,
insurance companies, and
governments to store and process
huge amounts of information
securely and efficiently

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 Classification of Computers
• Mini Computers

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 Classification of Computers
• Mini Computers
✓ A minicomputer is like a smaller, less
powerful version of a big computer
that you might find in a company or
school.

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 Classification of Computers
• Mini Computers
✓ It’s good for handling multiple tasks
at once, especially in places like small
businesses or research labs.

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 Classification of Computers
• Micro computers

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 Classification of Computers
• Micro Computers
✓ A microcomputer is what most
people think of as a regular
personal computer, like the one
you might have at home or at
school.
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 Classification of Computers
• Micro Computers
✓ It’s called “micro” because it’s
small enough to fit on a desk,
unlike big computers that take
up a whole room.

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 Classification of Computers
• Micro Computers
✓ These are used for everyday
things like browsing the internet,
playing games, writing
documents, or watching videos.

Computer Business Applications

 Classification of Computers
• Micro Computers
✓ Examples include laptops,
desktops, tablets, and even
smartphones.

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INPUT DEVICES

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 Input Devices
• Definition
✓ The Input devices are the
devices which are used to
enter the data in the
computer system
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 Input Devices
• Definition
✓ Keyboard, mouse, scanner,
microphone are the example of
input devices

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 Input Devices
• FUNCTIONS OF INPUT DEVICES
✓ Accept the data from the outside
worlds.
✓ Convert that data into computer coded
information.
✓ Supply this data to Central Processing
Unit for further processing.
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 Input Devices
• Classification of Input Devices

GRAPHICS TABLET

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STANDARD INPUT DEVICE

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 Input Devices
• Standard Input Device : Keyboard
✓ Keyboard is most commonly used input
device.
✓ It is similar like a typewriter which is
used to enter data in the computer.
✓ It contains sets of keys such as
alphabets, number & special signs
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 Input Devices
• Two Types of Keyboard
✓ General Purpose Keyboard
✓ Special Purpose Keyboard

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 Input Devices
• General Purpose Keyboard

Computer Business Applications

 Input Devices
• General Purpose Keyboard
✓ Standard keyboard which are used
in personal computers
✓ It contains enough keys which are
used in all types of applications, so
they are known as general purpose
keyboard
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 Input Devices
• General Purpose Keyboard
✓ Most popular general-purpose
keyboard contains 101 keys.

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 Input Devices
• General Purpose Keyboard
✓ The general-purpose keyboard are divided
into following parts:
• ALPHANUMERIC KEYPAD
• NUMERIC KEYPAD
• ARROW KEYS
• FUNCTION KEYS
• SPECIAL KEYS
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 Input Devices
• ALPHANUMERIC KEYPAD
✓ The centered part of the keyboard is known
as alphanumeric keypad
✓ It contains alphabets, numbers & special
signs such as *,!, @, #, $, %,* etc.

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 Input Devices
• ALPHANUMERIC KEYPAD

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 Input Devices
• NUMERIC KEYPAD
✓ The right most part of the keyboard is known
as numeric keypad.
✓ It contains 0 to 9 numbers & mathematical
signs such as +, *,-, /.
✓ Mainly used for fast data entry in
mathematical applications

Computer Business Applications

 Input Devices
• NUMERIC KEYPAD

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 Input Devices
• ARROW KEYS
✓ Set of four keys up, down, left & right.
✓ Used to move the cursor at left & right or up
and down on the screen.
✓ They are referred as “cursor-control” or
“cursor-movement” keys.

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 Input Devices
• ARROW KEYS

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 Input Devices
• FUNCTION KEYS
✓ The first line of the keyboard contains a set
of 12 keys with name F1 to F12 are known as
function keys.
✓ Used to generate short-cuts in different
software package.

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 Input Devices
• FUNCTION KEYS

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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL KEYS
✓ There are lots of keys that are used for some
specific task describes follows:
▪ TAB: used for gives multiple spaces or move
the cursor to next defined position.
▪ ENTER: used for generate the output of any
command.

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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL KEYS
▪ SPACE: used to make one blank space
between two words.
▪ BACKSPACE: used to remove the left-most
character at cursor position.
▪ DELETE: used to remove the right-most
character at cursor position.

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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL KEYS
▪ HOME: moves the cursor at the beginning of
the line.
▪ END: moves cursor at the end of the line.
▪ PAGE UP: moves or scroll the screen up or
previous page of the current page
▪ PAGE DOWN: moves the screen to the next
page from the currently displayed page.
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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL KEYS
▪ PRINT SCREEN: used to print what is
currently displayed on the screen.
▪ INSERT: used to ent er text between two
characters
▪ ESC: used to negate current command or
terminate the execution of the program.

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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL KEYS
▪ ALT AND CTRL: used to expand the
functionality of keyboard. Basically, used to
generate shortcuts in different application.
▪ NUMLOCK: used toon or off the numeric
keypad.
▪ CAPSLOCK: used to type the all-inputted
text capitally
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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL PURPOSE KEYBOARD
✓ Special purpose keyboard is used for
special purpose applications which
required faster data entry and rapid
interaction with the computer system.

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 Input Devices
• SPECIAL PURPOSE KEYBOARD
✓ For example, ATM
used in banks
used special
purpose
keyboard which
contains a few
keys. Computer Business Applications
POINTING DEVICES

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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse
✓ A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing
device that detects two-dimensional motion
relative to a surface. This motion is typically
translated into the motion of the pointer on
a display, which allows a smooth control of
the graphical user interface of a computer.
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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse

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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse
✓ It usually contains three or more
buttons
✓ Left button is used to point out or
select any item by clicking.

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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse
✓ Right button to generate context
menu.
✓ When user moves mouse across
flat surface, the graphic cursor
moves on screen.
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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse
✓ Scroll Wheel is a wheel that is
located between the two buttons on
a mouse. It can be used to scroll up
and down through text or images.

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 Input Devices
• Pointing Devices: Mouse

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 Input Devices
• Trackball
✓ Trackball is a pointing device which is
like a mouse.
✓ A ball is placed on the track ball device
which is used to move the graphic cursor
on the screen.

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 Input Devices
• Trackball

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 Input Devices
• Trackball
✓ It also contains buttons which are
used to select a particular item on
the screen.
✓ To move the graphic cursor on
screen, the ball is rolled with the
fingers or thumb.
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 Input Devices
• Trackball
✓ It needs not to move the whole
device to move the cursor so it is
often attached with some
keyboards.

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 Input Devices
• JOYSTICK
✓ Joystick is a pointing device which is works
on the same principle of track ball.
✓ It contains a stick which is placed on the
spherical ball.
✓ The stick is used to move the cursor at
desired position left or right or backward or
forward
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 Input Devices
• JOYSTICK

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 Input Devices
• JOYSTICK
✓ A joystick is similar to a mouse, except that
with a mouse the cursor stops moving as
soon as you stop moving the mouse.

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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN
✓ A touch screen is an electronic
visual display that can detect the
presence and location of a touch
within the display area.

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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN
✓ It allows the user to choose from
available options by simply
touching with their figure to the
desired icon or menu item
displayed on the computer screen.
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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN

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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN
✓ Touch screens are common in
devices such as computers, tablet
computers & Smartphone.

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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN
✓ The touch screen has two main
attributes:
▪ First, it enables one to interact
directly with what is displayed

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 Input Devices
• TOUCH SCREEN
✓ The touch screen has two main
attributes:
▪ Secondly, it lets one do so without
requiring any intermediate device
that would need to be held in the
hand
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 Input Devices
• GRAPHICS TABLET
✓ is a computer input device that enables
a user to hand draw or paint images,
animations and graphics, with a special
pen-like stylus, similar to the way a
person draws pictures with a pencil and
paper by hand.
Computer Business Applications
 Input Devices
• GRAPHICS TABLET

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 Input Devices
• GRAPHICS TABLET
✓ is a computer input device that enables
a user to hand draw or paint images,
animations and graphics, with a special
pen-like stylus, similar to the way a
person draws pictures with a pencil and
paper by hand.
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 Input Devices
• GRAPHICS TABLET
✓ STYLUS is a small pen-shaped
instrument whose tip position on a
computer monitor can be detected

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 Input Devices
• MICROPHONE
✓ Used to store the voice data into the
computer system
✓ Microphones convert sound waves into
electrical energy.

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 Input Devices
• MICROPHONE

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 Input Devices
• MICROPHONE
✓ Microphones enable many types of
audio recording devices for purposes
including communications of many
kinds, as well as music vocals, speech
and sound recording.

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 Input Devices
• WEB CAMERA
✓ A Web Camera or simply called as
Webcam is a digital camera that
captures video and audio data and
transmits it in real-time over the
internet.
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 Input Devices
• WEB CAMERA

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 Input Devices
• WEB CAMERA
✓ It is commonly used for video
conferencing, live streaming, online
meetings, and recording videos

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 Input Devices
• SCANNER
✓ A scanner is an input device which
translates paper documents into an
electronic format.
✓ The input document may be typed
text, pictures, graphics or even
handwritten material.
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 Input Devices
• SCANNER
✓ There are two types of image
scanner
▪ Flatbed Scanner
▪ Handheld Scanner

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 Input Devices
• FLATBED SCANNER
✓ It’s like a Xerox machine which
consist of box having a glass plate
on its top and a lid to covers the
glass plate.

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 Input Devices
• FLATBED SCANNER

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 Input Devices
• FLATBED SCANNER
✓ The document placed inside the
glass plate & light source is situated
blow glass plate which moves
horizontally from left to write &
scanning document line by line.
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 Input Devices
• HANDHELD SCANNER
✓ It contains a set of light emitting
diodes encased in small case which
can be conveniently held in hand
✓ To scan a document the scanner is
slowly dragged on the document.
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 Input Devices
• HANDHELD SCANNER

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OUTPUT DEVICES

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 Output Devices
• OUTPUT DEVICES
✓ Output devices function as data
receivers for the computer; that is,
they can only receive data sent from
the CPU. They are used to know the
results of the processes carried out.
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 Output Devices
• CHARACTERISTICS
➢ They are part of the computer
hardware and allow the connection
between the computer and the user.
➢ They translate the information from
the computer into a language
intelligible to the user.
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 Output Devices
• CHARACTERISTICS
➢ They present information in image,
audio, or video format.
➢ They are accessible to the user and
can be connected to the computer
wirelessly or through a cable.
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 Output Devices
• CHARACTERISTICS
➢ They are modernized and updated
according to technological
development.
➢ They are usually classified into
audio output devices and image
output devices.
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 Output Devices
• DIFFERENT TYPES OF OUTPUT DEVICES
➢ Printer ➢ DVD o CD-
➢ Monitor ROM
➢ Projector ➢ Headphones
➢ Plotter ➢ Sound Card
➢ Video Card
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 Output Devices
• PRINTER
➢ The printer is one of the most used
output devices by users. Its primary
function is to transform a text
document or image we can see on
the screen to a physical format on
paper.
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 Output Devices
• PRINTER

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 Output Devices
• The most popular types of printers are:
➢ Inkjet printers are usually the most
common, especially in the home
environment.
➢ They work by distributing ink that
shapes the image that appears on
the screen on the paper.
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 Output Devices
• INKJET PRINTER

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 Output Devices
• The most popular types of printers are:
➢ Laser printers tend to have a larger size,
and companies that use large printing
volumes use them.
➢ They are powered by toner, and while
they provide outstanding sharpness and
speed, they come at a premium price.
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 Output Devices
• LASER PRINTER

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• MONITOR
➢ The monitor is another of the output
devices most used by users. Thanks
to the monitor, users can view data
and images from the computer. The
image is made up of pixels that
change color to display the images.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• MONITOR

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• MONITOR
➢ Monitors have evolved and have
become less heavy and flatter. This
has enabled them to be able to
display much sharper images.

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 Output Devices
• The most popular types of monitors are:
➢ Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitors:
These monitors have many pixels of
liquid crystal molecules. These crystals
allow different amounts and colors of
light.

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 Output Devices
• LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• The most popular types of monitors are:
➢ Light Emitting Diode (LED) Monitors:
LED Monitors are LED-backlit liquid
crystal displays. It is a flat screen that
uses light-emitting diodes to emit
images. LED screens are also used in
billboards and store signs.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• The most popular types of monitors are:
➢ Touch Screen Monitors: Touch screens
dominate the market today.
➢ This type of screen is the basis of all the
computers and tablets we use daily.
➢ A monitor with a touch screen allows the
input of data, information, and orders to
the device by direct touch on its surface.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• Touch Screen Monitors

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• The most popular types of monitors are:
➢ Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED)
Monitors: They use an organic
compound layer that emits light when
electrically stimulated.

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Organic Light-Emitting Diode

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• The most popular types of monitors are:
➢ Since the pixels provide the image’s
lighting, they give a much higher image
quality, especially in contrast, since the
panel does not have to simulate black
color.

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• PROJECTORS
➢ A projector is an output device that
works by projecting a presentation
of images or videos on a projection
screen. The information is received
directly from the computer, and the
projector acts as a transmitter.
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 Output Devices
• PROJECTOR

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Different Types of Projectors:
➢ Digital Light Processing or DLP
projectors: DLP projectors have a
compact design and good resolution,
although they can lose color accuracy.
➢ However, they are the cheapest
projectors and most suitable for the
domestic environment.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• Different Types of Projectors:
➢ LCD projectors: The image quality on
these projectors is much sharper and
more realistic.
➢ They are suitable for use in
organizational data representations.

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Different Types of Projectors:
➢ LED projectors: In this case, the image
quality is superior to that of other
projectors, with the advantage of having
a longer useful life.
➢ On the other hand, it is worth noting its
low energy consumption.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• PLOTTER
➢ Plotters are another of the best-
known output devices for printing
large plans or projects, being one of
the printers most used by designers
and architects
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• PLOTTER

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Different Types of PLOTTERS:
➢ Printing Plotter: These plotters offer
excellent quality and precision. Their
main use is printing real images, large
photographs, or posters.

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• PRINTING PLOTTER

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Different Types of PLOTTERS:
➢ Cutting Plotter: These plotters cut
precisely and make incisions or die-cut.
They can be cut vertically, horizontally,
or rounded.

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 Output Devices
• CUTTING PLOTTER

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Different Types of PLOTTERS:
➢ Mixed Plotter: Mixed plotters are
complete equipment since they allow
printing, cutting, and other jobs

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• MIXED PLOTTER

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• DVD or CD-ROM
➢ The DVD or CD-ROM is an output device
that allows the user to record and store
data.
➢ DVD = DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC
➢ CD = COMPACT DISC
➢ ROM = READ ONLY MEMORY
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 Output Devices
• DVD or CD-ROM

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• DVD or CD-ROM
➢ Its outstanding functions include:
• Stores data
• Provides a backup in case the
computer’s hard drive fails
• Serves as a program installation point
• Plays music, pictures, or videos
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• HEADPHONES
➢ Headphones reproduce the sound
from the computer, which can be
any audio file.
➢ They are small-size peripherals that
connect to the computer wirelessly
or through a cable.
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 Output Devices
• HEADPHONES

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• HEADPHONES
➢ Its outstanding functions include:
• Communication with other users
through online games since they have
an integrated microphone.
• Communication with other users using
services like Google Meet and Zoom.
• Listen to music.
Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• HEADPHONES
➢ Its outstanding functions include:
• View multimedia content by enjoying
the sound through headphones.
• Although most headphones work via a
wired connection, many have begun to
go without and use Bluetooth
technology.
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 Output Devices
• SOUNDCARDS
➢ The sound card controls the output
of sound signals, allowing devices
such as speakers and headphones
to function.

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• SOUNDCARD

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• SOUNDCARDS
➢ The sound card is an expansion card,
meaning it can be added to the
motherboard.
➢ Although a sound card is not essential for
basic computer functionality, you need one
to play games, watch movies, listen to
music, and use audio and video
conferencing. Computer Business Applications
 Output Devices
• Video Card
➢ Like a sound card, a video card is
also an expansion card that you can
insert into the motherboard. The
video card processes images and
video, allowing the images to
appear on a screen.
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 Output Devices
• VIDEOCARD

Computer Business Applications

 Output Devices
• Video Card
➢ Like a sound card, a video card is
also an expansion card that you can
insert into the motherboard. The
video card processes images and
video, allowing the images to
appear on a screen.
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Thank You!

Computer Business Applications