TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN TRẠI HÈ HÙNG VƯƠNG

NGUYỄN TẤT THÀNH - YÊN BÁI LẦN THỨ XVIII, NĂM 2024
ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 11
ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT Thời gian: 180 phút
(Đề này có 18 trang) (không kể thời gian giao đề)
SECTION I: LISTENING
Part 1: Complete the notes below with ONLY ONE WORD for each numbered blank
Microplastics
Where microplastics come from
• fibres from some 1 _____________ during washing
• the breakdown of large pieces of plastic
• waste from industry
• the action of vehicle tyres on roads
Effects of microplastics
• They cause injuries to the 2 _____________ of wildlife and affect their digestive systems.
• They enter the food chain, e.g., in bottled and tap water, 3 _____________ and seafood.
• They may not affect human health, but they are already banned in skin cleaning products and 4
_____________ in some countries.
• Microplastics enter the soil through the air, rain and 5 _____________.
Microplastics in the soil – a study by Anglia Ruskin University
• Earthworms are important because they add 6 _____________ to the soil.
• The study aimed to find whether microplastics in earthworms affect the 7 _____________ of plants.
• The study found that microplastics caused:
√ 8 _____________ loss in earthworms
√ fewer seeds to germinate
√ a rise in the level of 9 _____________ in the soil.
• The study concluded:
√ soil should be seen as an important natural process.
√ changes to soil damage both ecosystems and 10 _____________.

Part 2: Listen to the following recording and answer the following questions. Write NO MORE THAN
FIVE WORDS for each answer.
1. What combines with bacteria to produce body odor?
2. At what stage of life do apocrine glands typically develop?

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3. What type of chemicals give body odor its oniony aroma?
4. What detects odor molecules at very low concentrations?
5. Which ethnic group commonly has a gene variant that nearly eliminates body odor?

Part 3: Listen to a talk about indoor ice skating rinks and decide whether these statements are True (T),
False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
1. Ice skating was initially developed as a recreational activity in Northern Europe.
2. The first indoor ice rink in London opened in 1876 and quickly spread across the country.
3. Electric refrigeration played a significant role in the popularity of ice skating in the early 20th century.
4. The third layer of ice in a rink acts as a sealer for the paint and is painted over to create decorative
backgrounds.·
5. The final layer of ice in a rink is applied quickly using a hose to ensure uniform thickness.

Part 4: You will hear an interview with a man called Seth Jeavons, who organizes an annual three-day
pop music festival. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
1. According to Seth, what mistake do people who are going to camp at the festival frequently make?
A. They forget how cold it can be at night
B. They take nothing to sleep on
C. They have no form of light
D. They underestimate the size of tent needed
2. Which problem at the festival has now been solved?
A. The space for people watching the the main band
B. The capacity of the sound system
C. The location of the car parks
D. The level of security for bands
3. Seith believes his festival is more suitable for children than other similar festivals because _____________.
A. There are special family cafe’ with healthy food
B. Specific entertainment is organized for them
C. There is a separate campsite for families
D. Trained staff are available to look after them
4. Seith predicts that the bands attracting the most people this year will be those which _____________.
A. Encourage audience participation C. Have the best special effects
B. Are rarely seen at live events D. Have the most famous names
5. According to Seith, why should people go to a big live festival?

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 A. It wil leave a lasting impression on them
B. The audiences are as interesting as events
C. They will see acts not covered by the media
D. It will be a chance to discover new music

SECTION II: LEXICO-GRAMMAR (3.0 points)

Part 1: Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) that best fits each of the following questions
1. I'm not a serious investor, but I like to _____________ in the stock market.
A. splash B. splatter C. paddle D. dabble
2. We should never have quarreled like that. Let’s bury the _____________ and forget all about it.
A. axe B. argument C. hatchet D. subject
3. Her eyes were tired from gazing at the _____________ screen of her computer all day.
A. flickering B. twinkling C. glimmering D. sparkling
4. The school has a _____________ tolerance policy on the use of mobile phones during school hours.
A. never B. none C. zero D. nil
5. I would give up my job _____________ if only I could find a better one.
A. on the spur of the moment B. on the dot
C. at one swoop D. at the drop of a hat.
6. Successful people are always ready to seize an opportunity whenever it _____________ itself.
A. reveals B. appears C. displays D. presents
7. Many people feel that President Donald Trump is, whether by accident or _____________, starting a war
with Iran.
A. design B. intent C. purpose D. motive
8. Sheila will inherit everything _____________ her uncle’s death.
A. on account of B. in spite of C. in the event of D. in place of
9. _____________ for the director must have surprised you.
A. You’re being nominated B. You nominated
C. Your being nominated D. You nominating
10. The scheme offers employees an opportunity to move into these fast-growing fields if they are good
enough, ____________ their seniority.
A. no matter what B. whichever C. regardless what D. irrespective
11. _____________ talking of running for election again, after such a crushing defeat, is surely proof of his
resilience.
A. Should he be B. That he is C. Had he been D. That he were

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12. I didn’t want to make a decision _____________, so I said I’d like to think about it.
A. in one go B. there and then C. at a stroke D. on and off
13. She’s a bit down in the _____________ at the moment – her husband has just lost his job.
A. world B. dumps C. heart D. bottom
14. “How did you know that he was lying?” – “It was just a _____________ feeling.”
A. faint B. gut C. slight D. vain
15. Mike decided that election to the local council would provide a _____________ to a career in national
politics.
A. milestone B. springboard C. highway D. turning point

Part 2. There are five mistakes in the following passage. Find and correct them
The word processor and calculator are without doubt here to stay, and in many respects of our lives are
much richer for us. But teachers and other academics are claiming that we are now starting to feel the first
significant wave of their effects on generation for users. It seems nobody under the age of 20 can spell nor add
up any more. Even several professors at leading universities have commented about the detrimental effect the
digital revolution has had at the most intelligent young minds in the country. The problem, evidently, lies with
the automatically spell-check now widely available on word processing software.

Part 3.Write the correct form of each bracketed word in each sentence in the corresponding numbered
spaces provided in the column on the right.
1. She is totally (SUFFICE) _____________ and doesn’t need help from anyone.
2. The government (TRACK) _____________ on plans that would have increased taxes.
3. It was sheer (SANE) _____________ to try to drive through the mountains in that thunderstorm.
4. The tax rise has (FLAME) _____________ the citizens of the country to such an extent that there would
likely be some demonstrations.
5. The president of this company is merely a (HEAD) _____________ - the Chief Executive is the one who
is truly in control.
6. The report is critical of attempts by (OFFICIAL) _____________ to deal with the problem of homelessness.
7. The system of counties was essential to Frankish government, and a count could wield considerable power,
particularly in (FAR) _____________ regions.
8. Darwin's theory of evolution was a(n) (SHED)_____________ dividing the old way of thinking from the
new.
9. Both Hathor and her potential victims became (EXCEED) _____________ drunk and merry, so she failed
at her task.

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10. She's (FAIL) _____________ cheerful no matter what the circumstances.

READING
Part 1.Choose the words or phrases that best fit the blanks to make a complete passage
ROWLING’S PROMISE TO SAVE FORESTS
The popular writer L K Rowling has agreed to end her part in the (1) _____________ of the world’s
forest by having her books printed on paper which is environmentally friendly. The multimillionaire author,
whose novels about a teenage wizard have consumed 6.5 million trees so far, is one of a number high profile
authors who have (2) _____________ their support for the environment by stipulating that only recycled paper
(3) _____________ for their books. Techniques (4) _____________ in Canada mean that, for the first time,
paper made from such materils as office waste paper can be used to make books.The Canadian edition of
Rowling’s last book was printed without chopping down a single tree, saving an (5) _____________ 40,000
of them.
In the past it was difficult to print books on recycled paper because the paper was not strong enough to
(6) _____________ a life’s time reading. Technological advances mean that paper which is (7)
_____________ from waste material is now just durable as paper made from virgin fibre in terms of quality
and strength.
Despite the high cost of developing recycled paper the has the required strenght and whiteness needed
for books, there will not (8) _____________ be price rise for the reader. Instead, publishers are likely to (9)
_____________ for the higher paper cost by using cheaper book covers, as (10) _____________ in Canada.
1. A. demolition B. desolation C. destruction D. destitution
2. A. contracted B. pledged C. secured D. undertaken
3. A. be used B. is used C. using D. to be used
4. A. founded B. inaugurated C. led D. pioneered
5. A. estimated B. assessed C. established D. evaluated
6. A. experience B. withstand C. confront D. encounter
7. A. manufactured B. constructed C. devised D. formed
8. A. certainly B. naturally C. absolutely D. necessarily
9. A. balance B. compensate C. return D. refund
10. A. developed B. arose C. happened D. followed

Part 2. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes provided.

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 The Sensual Shopper
How can retail stores encourage customers to (1) _____________ with their money? Here's how the
good stores do it. We were performing a study for RadioShack just (2) _____________ the chain had decided
to try to become America's favorite phone store. We watched countless shoppers approach the wall of
telephones on display, look them all (3) _____________, check out the prices and then, almost (4)
_____________ exception, pick up a phone and hold it up to an ear. What were they hoping for? Nothing,
probably - it's just a reflex action, I think what else do you do with a phone? On what other basis do you
compare phones but (5) _____________ how they feel in your hand and (6) _____________ your ear.
Well, we reasoned, if the first principle (7) _____________ trial is to make it as lifelike as possible,
you can complete the experience by putting a voice in that phone. We advised RadioShack to connect the
phones to a recorded message that could be activated when a receiver was lifted. Once that happened, the
stores were alive (8) _____________ shoppers picking up display phones, listening (9) _____________
moment and then holding the receivers out for their companions to hear, (10) _____________ was a bonus,
because that would provide some basis for discussing the purchase, which greatly increases the chances that
something will be bought.

Part 3. For questions 1-10 , read the following passage about the human immune system and choose the
best answer (A, B, C, or D) according to the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes provided.
The Human Immune System
The human immune system is composed of both an innate and an adaptive immune system. First,
humans have an innate immune system that is intrinsic in all organisms, and it functions particularly through
establishing biological barriers and creating biochemical reactions that immediately respond with a maximal
effort in order to destroy infectious microbes. [A] Second, humans have an adaptive immune system, which
can only be found in vertebrates with jaws. [B] The adaptive immune system gains an immunological memory
from previously encountered germs, so it is able to prevent these specific microbes from causing further
infection. [C] With these dual capacities of fighting infection and acquiring resistance to germs, humans can
maximize their immunity. [D]
A person’s innate immune system has many complex barriers and biochemical reactions designed to
ward off infections. The most visible one is the skin, which keeps most bacteria, fungi, and viruses from ever
entering the body, but humans also have mucus, which traps germs that reside in the body’s tissue. In addition
to such biological material, there are other internal barriers like gastric acids, tears, saliva, urine, and various
chemicals that either destroy or flush out germs. Even involuntary functions like sneezing and coughing are
barriers that serve to expel germs. Beyond these, there are biochemical reactions that come from leukocytes,

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which are found in the blood. Leukocytes are white blood cells that effectively clear out cellular debris, create
inflammation near an infection, summon immune cells to the inflammation, activate several other chemical
reactions, and even destroy tumors. However, perhaps the most important action these cells perform is
activating a human’s adaptive immune system, which is essential in not only curing current diseases but also
preventing future infections.
With an adaptive immune system, cells learn how to best combat pathogens and develop a higher
resistance to them. Like the innate immune system, this involves chemical reactions and cellular cooperation.
Unlike the innate immune system, this system doesn’t respond very quickly or with its full strength all at once.
Instead, it uses its time and energy to provide cells with an immunological memory to the pathogens they
encounter, making them more resistant to recurring infections (similarly to how a vaccination works). Certain
white blood cells called T-cells are the principal actors in this system; these identify “self” cells with the same
DNA and distinguish them from any foreign cells with different DNA. After this, they seek and destroy these
foreign cells, whether they are invading microbes or infected host cells. T-cells also mediate the responses
from the innate and adaptive immune systems so that the body can effectively exterminate the infection.
After destroying infectious cells, the body uses B-cells to develop antibodies, or specialized proteins
that prevent future infections. A B-cell is designed to connect with an individual type of antigen created by an
infectious cell. The B-cell uses this antigen to produce antibodies that seek out and neutralize infectious
bacteria, fungi, and viruses. However, the most important process comes after the infection disappears: these
B-cells will duplicate, and their progeny will manufacture the same antibodies. Thus, the body will constantly
produce antibodies that successfully fight off a specific infection, and the body can successfully fight off any
subsequent infections from this pathogen. In addition to this, B-cells also mark antigens for leukocytes to
attack, thus making them and microbes easier targets for the biochemical reaction.
An interesting feature of the human immune system is how it affects infants both before and after birth.
When babies are first born, they do not have very many previously formed antibodies, so they have a greater
risk of infection than adults do. However, they ward off many infections by temporarily obtaining the mother’s
antibodies from breast milk and nutrients passed through the placenta. Also interesting is the very inception
of the fetus among such an aggressive immune system: somehow, the fetus, which doesn’t have its mother’s
exact DNA, is ignored by the mother’s T-cells and B-cells. Scientists currently have a few theories about this
phenomenon. For instance, the uterus may not be monitored by white blood cells, or it may produce special
proteins that suppress any local immune responses. Nonetheless, the fact that the immune system restrains its
programming for reproductive development continues to puzzle many scientists.
1. The word intrinsic in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. fundamental B. auxiliary C. detrimental D. extraordinary
2. Which of the following square brackets [A], [B], [C], or [D] best indicates where in the paragraph the

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sentence ‘However, this particular action never changes to counter specific threats of infection’ can be
inserted?
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
3. According to passage 2, which bodily fluid initiates biochemical reactions in a human’s innate immune
system?
A. urine B. blood C. saliva D. tears
4. The word mediate in the passage is closest in meaning to _________.
A. interrupt B. magnify C. contemplate D. coordinate
5. Based on the information in paragraph 3, what can be inferred about the adaptive immune system?
A. Because it takes so long to act, it is less effective in purging infectious cells than the innate immune
system.
B. Even though it takes longer to act, it is more effective in long term immunity than the innate immune
system.
C. Because humans already have an innate immune system, this system is unnecessary and only used
as a substitute.
D. It works differently from the innate immune system, so the two are completely independent of one
another.
6. The word progeny in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. willingness B. mechanism C. offspring D. mutation
7. According to paragraph 4, what do B-cells produce?
A. antigens B. antibodies C. leukocytes D. pathogens
8. The word inception in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. conception B. invulnerability C. contamination D. consumption
9. According to paragraph 5, where do newborn babies get most of their antibodies?
A. from their own white blood cells B. from immune cells in the uterus
C. from mucus and other barriers D. from breast milk and the placenta
10. Based on the information in paragraph 5, what can be inferred about how the mother’s immune system
should scientifically be affecting the fetus?
A. It should protect the fetus from infection.
B. It should help develop cells in the fetus.
C. It should be attacking foreign fetal cells.
D. It should be exposing the fetus to microbes.

Part 4. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.

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 EXPANDING CONSCIOUSNESS
A brain-damaged patient suffering from prosopagnosia cannot recognize familiar faces although her
vision is other intact. She has awareness without recognition. A patient with blindsight is blind in parts of his
visual field, but if asked to guess the location of objects in those “blind” spots, he is more than likely to guess
right. He has recognition without awareness. Are both these patients conscious?
How the brain produces consciousness is a question that has puzzled philosophers and scientists for
millennia, and many of them have looked to brain-damaged patients for the answer. Consider a patient with
Parkinson’s disease who wants to move his legs but cannot. His thoughts have become severed from his
actions, and that dissociation seems to be related to the lack of a certain chemical, dopamine, in one area of
his brain. But why dopamine should perform that particular function in that particular area nobody knows.
What studies of brain damage reveal is that consciousness has many facets. But it can be a dangerous
approach because it rests on the assumption that each part of the brain that contributes to consciousness does
so consistently over time. Yet, if consciousness is dynamic rather than static, if the conscious functions
performed by a certain body of neurons in the brain are transient, then the functions lost when a brain receives
a blow at a specific point in time could differ from that might have been lost a moment later.
In the past, scientists have searched for discrete switches at the neuronal level- singular, all-or-nothing
events which when put together give rise to a global sensibility. But how and where the translation from
physical to mental takes place remains a mystery, not least because those on/off neuronal mechanisms seem
so incompatible with the diffuse and indefinable property of consciousness.
In Journey to the Centers of the Mind, neuroscientist Susan Greenfield suggests that the underlying
physical processes are no less complex and diffuse than consciousness itself. Consciousness is not located in
one region of the brain, one neuron or one molecule, and it does not necessarily go hand in hand with
stimulation of the senses. But each conscious experience is singular in time. She describes shades of subtlety
in the activities of neurons: they can be biased to respond in certain ways and in the sense that their behavior
is shaped by past experience; they even have memory. The action potential, the firing of a cell in response to
stimulation, might be an all-or-nothing event, but the threshold at which a neuron produces an electrical signal
can be lowered or raised incrementally.
By the same token, consciousness is better viewed as a continuum rather than as an all-or-nothing
phenomenon. Greenfield suggests that it is the product of large interacting groups of neurons which form and
reform rapidly around a triggering stimulus like concentric ripples on the surface of a pond. And the size of
each neuronal assembly or “gestalt” is determined by the brain’s level of arousal at a particular moment in
time. Arousal is, in turn, controlled by chemicals called amines (neuromodulators) that are produced in the
most primitive part of the brain. According to Greenfield’s theory, fountains of these neuromodulators diffuse
upwards and outwards from neurons in the brainstem, and it is these chemicals which bias the firing threshold

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of neurons in the rest of the brain – even in the sophisticated outer cortex. By so doing, they dictate the number
of neurons that will be incorporated in each gestalt, and so determine the depth of the emerging consciousness.
In this way, each conscious experience is qualitatively unique.
The idea of neuronal assemblies is not new. But the concept of consciousness as something that shrinks
and expands, growing in depth as the brain grows physically, is a new departure. Very young children have no
sense of other people’s thought processes – their consciousness is egocentric. But by the age of about four they
have begun to project mental states onto others. And brain-damaged patients, whose brains have effectively
been reduced in size, have something in common with children. Both function at a shallower level of
consciousness because stimuli trigger relatively small gestalts in their brains.
Greenfield does not pretend to have uncovered the secret of consciousness. Her theory cannot answer
all the questions, but it may have brought us a small step closer to a physical explanation of what it is to be
human.
Questions 1 – 6. Complete the gaps in the following summary by using NO MORE THAN TWO
WORDS taken from the Reading Passage.
Consciousness is a state of mind that has interested philosophers and scientists for thousands of years.
However, our understanding of it has remained fairly basic. For example, scientists do not know whether the
(1) _____________ of a prosopagnosia patient means the same as consciousness and whether dopamine in the
brain is linked with dissociation of the thoughts and actions of someone with Parkinson’s disease.
Susan Greenfield’s theory has added a new dimension to our understanding of consciousness. She feels
that consciousness and stimulation of the senses are not attached to each other and the responses of (2.)
_____________, which are closely related to a global sensitivity of the body, have patterns which may have
been conditioned by (3.) _____________. Consciousness is not a yes-or-no state of mental and physical
condition; it is a (4.) _____________ that has a range. Within this range, there is a chain of interactions between
the quantity of amines and (5.) _____________, between gestalt and the depth of consciousness. These
interactions ultimately (6.) _____________ the level of consciousness.

Questions 7 - 10. Do the following statements agree with the writer in the Reading Passage? In boxes 7
- 10 on your answer sheet, write:
YES if the statements agrees with the claims of the writer
NO if the statements contradicts with the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
7. Consciousness is a state of mind that has multi-fold dimensions.
8. A man is either conscious or unconscious of what is happening around him.
9. Patients with blindsight have visions that normal people are not able to see.

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10. Cases of blindsight and prosopagnosia disease support Greenfield’s theory.

Part 5. The passage below consists of four paragraphs marked A, B, C and D. For questions 1-10, read
the passage and do the task that follows.
The Future is History
(A) The Guardian
In her clinical practice during the 1990s, Moscow psychoanalyst Marina Arutyunyan encountered three
generations of women living under the same roof. The grandmother tyrannised her daughter and granddaughter
with demands for needless work and repeated invasions of their privacy. Her behaviour was finally explained
when it emerged that she was a former guard in the Gulag, ‘The family was now recast as a camp, complete
with dead-end make-work, the primacy of discipline, and the total abolition of personal boundaries.’ Cases
such as this led Arutyunyan to a wider diagnosis of Russia as a traumatised society unable to free itself from
the psychological subjugation fostered during the long decades of Soviet rule. The 'main resource' of this
increasingly repressive and authoritarian state is ‘the Soviet citizen weaned on generations of doublethink and
collective hostage-taking’ – ‘Homo Sovieticus’. As diagnosed in 1989 by Yuri Levada, sociologist and the
founder of Russia’s first polling organisation, Homo Sovieticus was in favour of a powerful paternalistic state,
deeply conformist and suspicious of all and any individual initiative that threatened to destabilise existing
group hierarchies and identities. A fascinating but flawed account, The Future is History presents a Russia
whose future in fact stands outside history, as its people are condemned decade after decade to rehearse the
same drama of tyranny and obedience.
(B) The NY Times
Russia has certainly been in the news a great deal lately, and Americans are divided on the subject:
Most continue to think that it is a menacing and hostile power that interfered in last year's election, while a
rising percentage of Republicans, following President Trump, now have a more positive view of the country.
Outlooks on both sides are heavily shaped by the imperatives of domestic American politics, leaving a void in
understanding. What, in fact, is the nature of the beast we are confronting? This is the underlying topic that
Masha Gessen seeks to address in her fascinating and deeply felt new book, The Future is History. The book
provides a straightforward narrative of the events taking place in Russia since the 1980s - the unexpected
liberalization under Gorbachev and the heady years from 1989 to 1991 when many former Soviet citizens
found themselves living, literally, in a different country; and then the regression - from the attack on the
Moscow White House under Yeltsin in 1993, through two Chechen wars, the relentless rise of Putin and finally
the Nemtsov assassination. Typically, the historical significance of these moments was not visible to Gessen's
interlocutors at the time. They were busy with their lives and personal struggles, but they found that politics
became a crushing force that none of them in the end could escape.

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(C) Good Reads
Putin's bestselling biographer reveals how, in the space of a generation, Russia surrendered to a more
virulent and invincible new strain of autocracy. Hailed for her 'fearless indictment of the most powerful man
in Russia', award-winning journalist Masha Gessen is unparalleled in her understanding of the events and
forces that have wracked her native country in recent times. In The Future is History, she follows the lives of
four people born at what promised to be the dawn of democracy. Each came of age with unprecedented
expectations, some as the children and grandchildren of the very architects of the new Russia, each with
newfound aspirations of their own - as entrepreneurs, activists, thinkers, and writers, sexual and social beings.
Gessen charts their paths not only against the machinations of the regime that would crush them all, but also
against the war it waged on understanding itself, ensuring the unobstructed reemergence of the old Soviet
order in the form of today's terrifying and seemingly unstoppable mafia state. Powerful and urgent, The Future
is History is a cautionary tale for our time and for all time.
(D) Kirkus
The Future is History - a brilliant if somber look at modern Russia, a failed democracy, by prizewinning
journalist Gessen (The Brothers - The Road to an American Tragedy, 2015, etc.). First there were the serfs,
and then 'Homo Sovieticus,' the gloomily obedient men, women, and children who waited in bread lines and
slaved in mines and factories. Are they the avatars of the good old days? With Vladimir Putin's rise and
increasingly absolutist rule, there may be something to the old saw that the Russian soul craves
authoritarianism. Yet, as Gessen, who has written extensively on Putin, writes, that may flat out not be so. As
she notes in this urgent chronicle, examining the Russian character through sociological instruments was
frowned on, even banned, until the late 1960s, when Yuri Levada, who turns up at several points in this long
narrative, began to look at how ordinary Russians thought about their society. For one thing, later surveys
showed that although some wanted 'rockers,' 'hippies,' and 'pederasts' to be liquidated, a far larger number
advocated tolerance, especially younger Russians. Those younger Russians are the focus of the author's
character-driven approach, a kind of nonfiction novel that compares favorably to the work of Svetlana
Alexievich. One of Gessen's cases in point, a still-youngish woman named Masha, has learned to work every
angle thanks to a resourceful mother who, among other things, figured out ways to 'teach Soviet Jews to beat
the anti-Semitic machine.' By all rights, Masha, entrepreneurial and smart, ought to be in the forefront of
Russian development, but having run afoul of Putin's regime, she is effectively a nonperson.
Which text
1. _____________ references previous publications by the same author?
2. _____________ gives the reason behind the treatment of a family member?
3. _____________ asserts the author is unmatched in knowledge?
4. _____________ states that the book gives an uncluttered view of the situation?

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5. _____________ tells of why Masha's character is diminished?
6. _____________ states that the book is inaccurate?
7. _____________ declares the appetite for an alternative approach by a greater number of the demographic?
8. _____________ indicates an ironical shift in perspective?
9. _____________ invokes a quote from the book which uses an Orwellian term?
10. _____________ illustrates that Gessen supports a different view than that of a more ingrained one?

SECTION IV: WRITING (6.0 points)

Part 1. Summary (1.0 pts)
Read the following text and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should be about 100-
120 words long. You MUST NOT copy the original.
The popularity of diet crazes over the last 30 years shows that many of us think we are overweight. It
also suggests that we want to do something about it. Diet books with the latest scientific advice become best
sellers, and yet we continue to gain weight. Who’s responsible? It’s easy to blame scientific experts, but in
fact, the problem is often with us, the dieters. We can’t lose weight because of the way we think about food. If
we cannot follow a plan every day, no diet book can help. Many dieters change from one type of diet to another,
so they never allow their bodies to get into a healthy rhythm. Others start out strongly on a program and lose
a few pounds. Then, when their weight stays the same for a few weeks, they become discouraged and lose
their self-control. If the weight doesn’t go away quickly, they give up.
But the number on the scale is not our challenge. Modern life is so fast and stressful that many diets
are ruined by “comfort eating”. When we feel down, we want a slice of cheesecake or a chocolate brownie
with ice cream to make us feel better. We use food as an escape. On the other hand, some of us use food as a
reward. If we’ve done something well, we think we “deserve it”. We also need to pay attention to the food we
eat. We should read food labels carefully and remember that we are often misled by them. Although a food
package may say “low fat”, manufacturers sometimes replace the fat with carbon hydrates, sugar, and other
fattening substances. In addition, they may not take out much of the fat. Low-fat ice cream can have 70% of
the fat or regular ice cream, so a scoop and a half of low-fat ice cream is more fattening than one scoop of
regular. There are just a few of the reasons why our diets fail, but they all arise from our state of mind and our
ability to pay attention. The next time you reach for the cookie jar, remember: control your mind and you can
control your body! The most important factor in losing weight is in our heads.
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Part 2. Chart description.(2.0pts)

The table shows the percentage of different types of household waste that were recycled in one city between
1992 and 2002.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Percentage of household waste recycled

50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Plastic Cans Paper Glass
1992 1997 2002

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Part 3: Write an essay of no more than 350 words to express your opinion on the following issue (3.0
pts)
Many employees can now do their work from home using modern technology. However, this change may only
benefit workers, not the employers.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
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THE END

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