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Files

The document provides an overview of file operations in Python, including how to open, read, write, append, rename, and delete files using built-in functions and the os module. It outlines common file modes such as 'r', 'w', 'a', and their meanings. Additionally, it explains the usage of functions like write(), read(), readline(), and writelines() for handling file content.

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4 views11 pages

Files

The document provides an overview of file operations in Python, including how to open, read, write, append, rename, and delete files using built-in functions and the os module. It outlines common file modes such as 'r', 'w', 'a', and their meanings. Additionally, it explains the usage of functions like write(), read(), readline(), and writelines() for handling file content.

Uploaded by

joelroys637
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FILES

• Files are used to store and retrieve data permanently. Python provides built-in functions
to handle file operations such as reading, writing, and appending data.
Opening a File
file = open("filename", "mode")
"filename": Name of the file with its extension (e.g., "data.txt").
"mode": Specifies how the file is opened ("r", "w", "a", "rb", etc.).
COMMON FILE MODES

Mode Meaning
"r" Read (default), file must exist
Write, creates a new file or overwrites
"w"
existing
"a" Append, adds data to the end of the file
"x" Create, fails if the file exists
"b" Binary mode (e.g., "rb", "wb")
"t" Text mode (default, can be omitted)
WRITING TO A FILE
write() – writes string to the file
file = open("example.txt", "w") # Overwrites file
file.write("Hello, Python!")
file.close() lines = ["Line1\n", "Line2\n", "Line3\n"]
file = open("example.txt", "w")
If the file does not exist, it will be created. file.writelines(lines)
If the file exists, it will be overwritten.
file.close()

writelines() – writes list of strings


READING FROM A FILE

read() – reads entire content readline() – reads one line at a time


file = open("example.txt", "r")
content = file.read() file = open("example.txt", "r")
print(content) line1 = file.readline()
file.close() print(line1)
file.close()
READING FROM A FILE

readlines() – returns all lines as a list readline() – reads one line at a time

file = open("example.txt", "r") file = open("example.txt", "r")


lines = file.readlines() line1 = file.readline()
for line in lines: print(line1)
print(line.strip()) file.close()
file.close()
APPENDING TO A FILE

file = open("example.txt", "a")


file.write("\nThis line is appended.")
file.close()
RENAMING A FILE

You must import the os module:

import os
os.rename("example.txt", "newfile.txt")
DELETING A FILE

import os
os.remove("newfile.txt")
CHECKING FILE EXISTENCE BEFORE DELETING
(OPTIONAL)

import os

if os.path.exists("newfile.txt"):
os.remove("newfile.txt")
else:
print("File does not exist.")
Function Purpose
open() Open/create a file
read() Read entire content
readline() Read one line
write() Write a string
writelines() Write a list of strings
close() Close the file
os.rename() Rename the file
os.remove() Delete the file

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