Lab Manual

Microprocessor 8085
Computer Architecture

By
Dr. Ashwini Jayachandran
Mr. Akshay Shaji
Ms. Devi

Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science

Aim: Introduction to 8085

Theory: 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor as it operates on 8 bits at a time. It is a 40-pin chip. Pin
diagram of 8085 short notes of each pins as bullets.

Pin diagram of 8085 microprocessor is as given below:

+
1. Address Bus and Data Bus: ​
The address bus is a group of sixteen lines i.e A0-A15. The address bus is unidirectional, i.e.,
bits flow in one direction from the microprocessor unit to the peripheral devices and uses the
high order address bus.
2. Control and Status Signals:
●​ ALE – It is an Address Latch Enable signal. It goes high during first T state of a
machine cycle and enables the lower 8-bits of the address, if its value is 1 otherwise
data bus is activated.
●​ IO/M’ – It is a status signal which determines whether the address is for input-output
or memory. When it is high(1) the address on the address bus is for input-output
devices. When it is low(0) the address on the address bus is for the memory.
●​ SO, S1 – These are status signals. They distinguish the various types of operations
such as halt, reading, instruction fetching or writing.
●​ RD’ – It is a signal to control READ operation. When it is low the selected memory
or input-output device is read.
 ●​ WR’ – It is a signal to control WRITE operation. When it goes low the data on the
data bus is written into the selected memory or I/O location.
●​ READY – It senses whether a peripheral is ready to transfer data or not. If READY is
high(1) the peripheral is ready. If it is low(0) the microprocessor waits till it goes
high. It is useful for interfacing low speed devices.
3. Power Supply and Clock Frequency:
●​ Vcc – +5v power supply
●​ Vss – Ground Reference
●​ XI, X2 – A crystal is connected at these two pins. The frequency is internally divided
by two, therefore, to operate a system at 3MHZ the crystal should have frequency of
6MHZ.
●​ CLK (OUT) – This signal can be used as the system clock for other devices.
4. Interrupts and Peripheral Initiated Signals: ​
The 8085 has five interrupt signals that can be used to interrupt a program execution. ​
​ INTR ​
​ RST 7.5 ​
​ RST 6.5 ​
​ RST 5.5 ​
​ TRAP ​
The microprocessor acknowledges Interrupt Request by INTA’ signal. In addition to Interrupts,
there are three externally initiated signals namely RESET, HOLD and READY. To respond to
HOLD request, it has one signal called HLDA.
●​ INTR – It is an interrupt request signal.
●​ INTA’ – It is an interrupt acknowledgement sent by the microprocessor after INTR is
received.
5. Reset Signals:
●​ RESET IN’ – When the signal on this pin is low(0), the program-counter is set to zero,
the buses are tristated and the microprocessor unit is reset.
●​ RESET OUT – This signal indicates that the MPU is being reset. The signal can be used
to reset other devices.
6. DMA Signals:
●​ HOLD – It indicates that another device is requesting the use of the address and data bus.
Having received HOLD request the microprocessor relinquishes the use of the buses as
soon as the current machine cycle is completed. Internal processing may continue. After
the removal of the HOLD signal the processor regains the bus.
●​ HLDA – It is a signal which indicates that the hold request has been received after the
removal of a HOLD request, the HLDA goes low.
7. Serial I/O Ports: ​
Serial transmission in 8085 is implemented by the two signals,
●​ SID and SOD – SID is a data line for serial input where as SOD is a data line for
serial output.

Simulator used : GNU Sim 8085

Result : 8085 microprocessors were studied successfully.

Sl No. Registers to be used Data to be copied

1 A 25

2 B 34H

3 C 16

4 D 24H

5 H F8H

(b)To assemble and run the assembly language programs to copy the following 8-bit data from
one register to other. The details are given in the table.

Destination registers and initial data Source registers and initial data

6 A 25 C 52

7 B 16 E 45

8 C 52 H 36

9 D 19 C 52

10 E 45 L 28

11 H 36 D 19

12 L 28 B 16

Simulator used:
Algorithm:
Program:
Result:
 Experiment 3
Load and Store Instructions - LDA and STA
Aim: To implement the assembly language programs to transfer an 8 bit data from one memory
location to another. The details are given in the table.

Simulator used:
Algorithm:
Program:
Result:
 Experiment 4
Addition and Subtraction Instructions - ADI and SUI

Aim: (a)To assemble and run the assembly language programs to add the following 8-bit data
immediately with the contents of the accumulator. The details are given in the table.

(b)To assemble and run the assembly language programs to subtract the following 8-bit data
immediately with the contents of the accumulator.

Simulator used:
Algorithm:
Program:
Result:
 Experiment 5
Addition and Subtraction Instructions - ADD and SUB

Aim: (a)To assemble and run the assembly language programs to add the following data with the
contents of the accumulator. The details are given in the table.

Sl No Data 1 Data 2 to be added Starting address

1 80H 15H 2000H

2 45H 02H 2500H

3 63H 05H 3000H

4 21H 03H 3500H

5 16H 12H 4000H

Sample program 1:
LXI H,2000
MOV A,M
INX H
ADD M
INX H
MOV M,A
HLT

Aim: (b)To assemble and run the assembly language programs to subtract the following data
with the contents of the accumulator. The details are given in the table.

Sl No Data 1 Data 2 to be Starting address

1 88H 08H 2200H

2 46H 02H 2700H

3 62H 01H 3200H

4 27H 03H 3700H

5 16H 05H 4200H

Simulator used:
Algorithm:
Program:
Result: